Visual interpretation for hand gestures a s a practical in-terface modality

There is disclosed herein improved packages, and methods of forming same, of the type wherein a container, such as for example a glass container, like a bottle or jar, is provided externally thereof with a heat-shrunk, cellular thermoplastic member, circumferentially and snugly engaging a sidewall portion of the container; the improvement resides in employing, as the thermoplastic member, a composite structure, or laminate, of a closed cellular polymeric layer preponderantly of polystyrene having incorporated therein from zero weight percent up to compatible amounts of a copolymer of ethylene and an alkyl ester of alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate or a copolymer of ethylene and an alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof, and, in adhered relationship to said cellular layer, a layer of a noncellular polymeric material preponderantly of ethylene moieties having incorporated therein moieties of vinyl acetate, or an alkyl ester of alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or an alpha-beta monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof.

[1]  Ben Shneiderman,et al.  High Precision Touchscreens: Design Strategies and Comparisons with a Mouse , 1991, Int. J. Man Mach. Stud..

[2]  Allen Newell,et al.  The keystroke-level model for user performance time with interactive systems , 1980, CACM.

[3]  A. Pentland,et al.  Attention-driven Expression and Gesture Analysis in an Interactive Environment , 1995 .

[4]  M. Weiser,et al.  An empirical comparison of pie vs. linear menus , 1988, CHI '88.

[5]  Tosiyasu L. Kunii,et al.  Model-based analysis of hand posture , 1995, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[6]  John Karat,et al.  A Comparison of Menu Selection Techniques: Touch Panel, Mouse and Keyboard , 1986, Int. J. Man Mach. Stud..

[7]  Juyang Weng,et al.  2D object segmentation from fovea images based on eigen-subspace learning , 1995, Proceedings of International Symposium on Computer Vision - ISCV.

[8]  Vladimir Pavlovic,et al.  Hand Gesture Modeling, Analysis, and Synthesis , 1995 .

[9]  Thad Starner,et al.  Visual Recognition of American Sign Language Using Hidden Markov Models. , 1995 .

[10]  M. Green.  Design Notations and User Interface Management Systems , 1985 .

[11]  William T. Freeman,et al.  Orientation Histograms for Hand Gesture Recognition , 1995 .

[12]  J. Michael Moshell,et al.  A Two-Handed Interface for Object Manipulation in Virtual Environments , 1995, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[13]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[14]  R. A. Brooks,et al.  Intelligence without Representation , 1991, Artif. Intell..

[15]  Richard A. Bolt,et al.  Two-handed gesture in multi-modal natural dialog , 1992, UIST '92.

[16]  Philip R. Cohen.  The role of natural language in a multimodal interface , 1992, UIST '92.

[17]  Steven D. Pieper,et al.  Hands-on interaction with virtual environments , 1989, UIST '89.

[18]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  DigitEyes: Vision-Based Human Hand Tracking , 1993 .

[19]  H. Penny Nii,et al.  The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence , 1982 .

[20]  J. Kender.  Saturation, Heu, And Normalized Color: Calculation, Digitization Effects, and Use. , 1976 .

[21]  S. Kicha Ganapathy,et al.  A synthetic visual environment with hand gesturing and voice input , 1989, CHI '89.

[22]  Matthew Stone,et al.  Modeling the Interaction between Speech and Gesture. , 1994 .

[23]  Pierre David Wellner,et al.  Interacting with paper on the DigitalDesk , 1993, CACM.

[24]  Tomoichi Takahashi,et al.  Hand gesture coding based on experiments using a hand gesture interface device , 1991, SGCH.

[25]  Richard A. Foulds,et al.  Toward robust skin identification in video images , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[26]  Kristinn R. Thórisson,et al.  Integrating Simultaneous Input from Speech, Gaze, and Hand Gestures , 1991, AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Multimedia Interfaces.

[27]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Space-time gestures , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[28]  Dean A. Pomerleau,et al.  Neural Network Perception for Mobile Robot Guidance , 1993 .

[29]  L. Rabiner,et al.  An introduction to hidden Markov models , 1986, IEEE ASSP Magazine.

[30]  Junji Yamato,et al.  Recognizing human action in time-sequential images using hidden Markov model , 1992, Proceedings 1992 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[31]  Geoffrey E. Hinton,et al.  Building adaptive interfaces with neural networks: The glove-talk pilot study , 1990, INTERACT.

[32]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  Image Understanding Research at CMU , 1982 .

[33]  Shumin Zhai,et al.  Human performance evaluation of manipulation schemes in virtual environments , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium.

[34]  Yuntao Cui,et al.  Hand sign recognition from intensity image sequences with complex backgrounds , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[35]  Kazuo Kyuma,et al.  Computer vision for computer games , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[36]  George Wolberg,et al.  Digital image warping , 1990 .

[37]  Mubarak Shah,et al.  Visual gesture recognition , 1994 .

[38]  David C. Hogg,et al.  Towards 3D hand tracking using a deformable model , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[39]  Alexander G. Hauptmann,et al.  Speech and gestures for graphic image manipulation , 1989, CHI '89.

[40]  Matthew Brand,et al.  Understanding manipulation in video , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[41]  William Buxton,et al.  The limits of expert performance using hierarchic marking menus , 1993, INTERCHI.

[42]  Ben Shneiderman,et al.  Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction , 1998 .

[43]  D. L. Quam,et al.  Gesture recognition with a DataGlove , 1990, IEEE Conference on Aerospace and Electronics.

[44]  Michael S. Landy,et al.  Intelligible encoding of ASL image sequences at extremely low information rates , 1985, Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process..

[45]  Takeo Kanade,et al.  Neural Network-Based Face Detection , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[46]  William T. Freeman,et al.  Television control by hand gestures , 1994 .

[47]  P. Fitts.  The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. , 1954, Journal of experimental psychology.

[48]  John I. Kiger,et al.  The Depth/Breadth Trade-Off in the Design of Menu-Driven User Interfaces , 1984, Int. J. Man Mach. Stud..

[49]  Bruce A. Draper,et al.  Nonparametric classification of pixels under varying outdoor illumination , 1994, Other Conferences.

[50]  LiMin Fu,et al.  Neural networks in computer intelligence , 1994 .

[51]  I. Scott MacKenzie,et al.  Lag as a determinant of human performance in interactive systems , 1993, INTERCHI.

[52]  Philip R. Cohen,et al.  Synergistic use of direct manipulation and natural language , 1989, CHI '89.

[53]  P MoranThomas,et al.  The keystroke-level model for user performance time with interactive systems , 1980 .

[54]  A E Marble,et al.  Image processing system for interpreting motion in American Sign Language. , 1992, Journal of biomedical engineering.

[55]  Justine Cassell,et al.  Recovering the temporal structure of natural gesture , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[56]  Martin Prime,et al.  Are all menus the same? An empirical study , 1990, INTERACT.

[57]  Steve T. Bryson.  Effects of lag and frame rate on various tracking tasks , 1993, Electronic Imaging.

[58]  Alex Waibel,et al.  Gaze Tracking Based on Face‐Color , 1995 .

[59]  Myron W. Krueger,et al.  Artificial reality II , 1991 .

[60]  James S. Lipscomb.  A trainable gesture recognizer , 1991, Pattern Recognit..

[61]  Michael S. Landy,et al.  Vectorgraph coding: Efficient coding of line drawings , 1985, Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process..

[62]  David C. Gibbon,et al.  Multi-modal system for locating heads and faces , 1996, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[63]  I. Scott MacKenzie,et al.  Movement time prediction in human-computer interfaces , 1992 .

[64]  Dean Rubine,et al.  Specifying gestures by example , 1991, SIGGRAPH.

[65]  Dan R. Olsen,et al.  SYNGRAPH: A graphical user interface generator , 1983, SIGGRAPH.

[66]  James L. Crowley,et al.  Finger Tracking as an Input Device for Augmented Reality , 1995 .

[67]  David Zeltzer,et al.  A survey of glove-based input , 1994, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[68]  Jaron Lanier,et al.  A hand gesture interface device , 1987, CHI 1987.

[69]  Stuart K. Card,et al.  Evaluation of mouse, rate-controlled isometric joystick, step keys, and text keys, for text selection on a CRT , 1987 .