Toward a New Understanding of Urban Services and Citizen Participation: The Coproduction Concept
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an alternative, &dquo;coproduction&dquo; model. Based upon the concept of coproduction as developed by Whitaker, Rich and others,’ the alternative suggested here would emphasize the conjoint responsibility of lay citizens and professional government agents for the delivery of public services. This coproduction model expands the citizen role from one of consuming and passing judgment upon public services to one that also involves responsibility for creation of public services. It expands the public official’s role from