Detectability and annoyance of artifacts in watermarked digital videos

This paper presents an evaluation of the annoyance and visibility of the artifacts generated by embedding a watermark into a video. To measure the detection threshold and mean annoyance values, a psychophysical experiment is carried out. The results show that the choice of the image to be embedded into the video does not affect the visibility and annoyance of the artifacts significantly. The mean annoyance curve can vary considerably depending on the physical characteristics of the particular video.