Extremely strong and tough hydrogels as prospective candidates for tissue repair – A review
暂无分享,去创建一个
[1] Yoshihito Osada,et al. Biodegradation of high-toughness double network hydrogels as potential materials for artificial cartilage. , 2007, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.
[2] C. Cohen,et al. Effects of inhomogeneities in polyacrylamide gels on thermodynamic and transport properties , 1983 .
[3] Yunxiao Liu,et al. A biomimetic hydrogel based on methacrylated dextran-graft-lysine and gelatin for 3D smooth muscle cell culture. , 2010, Biomaterials.
[4] Jian Ping Gong,et al. Unidirectional Alignment of Lamellar Bilayer in Hydrogel: One‐Dimensional Swelling, Anisotropic Modulus, and Stress/Strain Tunable Structural Color , 2010, Advanced materials.
[5] Yoshihito Osada,et al. High Mechanical Strength Double‐Network Hydrogel with Bacterial Cellulose , 2004 .
[6] D. Hourdet,et al. Large Strain and Fracture Properties of Poly(dimethylacrylamide)/Silica Hybrid Hydrogels , 2010 .
[7] João F. Mano,et al. Mineralized structures in nature: Examples and inspirations for the design of new composite materials and biomaterials , 2010 .
[8] Hidenori Okuzaki,et al. Adsorption-induced bending of polypyrrole films and its application to a chemomechanical rotor , 1996 .
[9] Min Zhang,et al. Toward delivery of multiple growth factors in tissue engineering. , 2010, Biomaterials.
[10] David J Mooney,et al. Alginate hydrogels as biomaterials. , 2006, Macromolecular bioscience.
[11] Dietmar W. Hutmacher,et al. Long-term effects of hydrogel properties on human chondrocyte behavior , 2010 .
[12] E B Hunziker,et al. Articular cartilage repair: are the intrinsic biological constraints undermining this process insuperable? , 1999, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.
[13] Jian Ping Gong,et al. Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycans Improve Toughness of Biocompatible Double Network Hydrogels , 2014, Advanced materials.
[14] K. Haraguchi,et al. Stimuli-Responsive Properties of Nanocomposite Gels Comprising (2-methoxyethylacrylate-co-N,N-dimethylacrylamide) Copolymer-Clay Networks , 2013 .
[15] Dongshin Kim,et al. Hydrogel-based reconfigurable components for microfluidic devices. , 2007, Lab on a chip.
[16] Kohzo Ito,et al. Novel Cross-Linking Concept of Polymer Network: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Slide-Ring Gels with Freely Movable Junctions , 2007 .
[17] J. Fraser,et al. Hyaluronan: its nature, distribution, functions and turnover , 1997, Journal of internal medicine.
[18] N. Peppas,et al. Hydrogels in Pharmaceutical Formulations , 1999 .
[19] Yoshihito Osada,et al. Structural Characteristics of Double Network Gels with Extremely High Mechanical Strength , 2004 .
[20] J L West,et al. Smooth muscle cell growth in photopolymerized hydrogels with cell adhesive and proteolytically degradable domains: synthetic ECM analogs for tissue engineering. , 2001, Biomaterials.
[21] M. Shibayama. Universality and Specificity of Polymer Gels Viewed by Scattering Methods , 2006 .
[22] Fan Zhang,et al. Design and fabrication of an artificial cornea based on a photolithographically patterned hydrogel construct , 2007, Biomedical microdevices.
[23] J. W. Hawkes. The structure of fish skin , 2004, Cell and Tissue Research.
[24] João F Mano,et al. Combinatorial cell-3D biomaterials cytocompatibility screening for tissue engineering using bioinspired superhydrophobic substrates. , 2012, Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro.
[25] T. Kurokawa,et al. Super tough double network hydrogels and their application as biomaterials , 2012 .
[26] Lina Zhang,et al. Construction of chitin/PVA composite hydrogels with jellyfish gel-like structure and their biocompatibility. , 2014, Biomacromolecules.
[27] M. C. Stuart,et al. Fracture and Self-Healing in a Well-Defined Self-Assembled Polymer Network , 2010 .
[28] E. Muniz,et al. Dual-network hydrogels based on chemically and physically crosslinked chitosan/chondroitin sulfate , 2013 .
[29] D. Mooney,et al. Hydrogels for tissue engineering. , 2001, Chemical Reviews.
[30] Zhigang Suo,et al. Performance and biocompatibility of extremely tough alginate/polyacrylamide hydrogels. , 2013, Biomaterials.
[31] Allan S Hoffman,et al. Hydrogels for biomedical applications. , 2002, Advanced drug delivery reviews.
[32] F. Auriemma,et al. X-ray Diffraction Analysis of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels, Obtained by Freezing and Thawing Techniques , 2004 .
[33] Ling Lin,et al. A strong bio-inspired layered PNIPAM-clay nanocomposite hydrogel. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.
[34] Zhigang Suo,et al. Stress-relaxation behavior in gels with ionic and covalent crosslinks. , 2010, Journal of applied physics.
[35] J. Elisseeff,et al. Advances in skeletal tissue engineering with hydrogels. , 2005, Orthodontics & craniofacial research.
[36] Masaru Yoshida,et al. High-water-content mouldable hydrogels by mixing clay and a dendritic molecular binder , 2010, Nature.
[37] V. Normand,et al. New insight into agarose gel mechanical properties. , 2000, Biomacromolecules.
[38] Nikolaos A. Peppas,et al. Structure and Applications of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels Produced by Conventional Crosslinking or by Freezing/Thawing Methods , 2000 .
[39] J. Xin,et al. Super-tough and thermo-healable hydrogel - promising for shape-memory absorbent fiber. , 2014, Journal of materials chemistry. B.
[40] Qiuming Wang,et al. A Robust, One‐Pot Synthesis of Highly Mechanical and Recoverable Double Network Hydrogels Using Thermoreversible Sol‐Gel Polysaccharide , 2013, Advanced materials.
[41] J. Gong,et al. Hydrogels with self-assembling ordered structures and their functions , 2011 .
[42] Zhigang Suo,et al. Hybrid Hydrogels with Extremely High Stiffness and Toughness. , 2014, ACS macro letters.
[43] J. Gong,et al. Soft and Wet Materials: From Hydrogels to Biotissues , 2010 .
[44] O. Smidsrod,et al. Gelation of gellan gum , 1987 .
[45] R. Langer,et al. Drug delivery and targeting. , 1998, Nature.
[46] J. Gong,et al. Necking Phenomenon of Double-Network Gels , 2006 .
[47] Michael S Detamore,et al. Hierarchically designed agarose and poly(ethylene glycol) interpenetrating network hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering. , 2010, Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods.
[48] T. Kurokawa,et al. Double‐Network Hydrogels with Extremely High Mechanical Strength , 2003 .
[49] K. Ito,et al. The Polyrotaxane Gel: A Topological Gel by Figure‐of‐Eight Cross‐links , 2001 .
[50] Y. Fung,et al. Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues , 1981 .
[51] Farshid Guilak,et al. A biomimetic three-dimensional woven composite scaffold for functional tissue engineering of cartilage. , 2007, Nature materials.
[52] H. Sung,et al. In vitro evaluation of the genotoxicity of a naturally occurring crosslinking agent (genipin) for biologic tissue fixation. , 2000, Journal of biomedical materials research.
[53] D. Mooney,et al. Shear-reversibly crosslinked alginate hydrogels for tissue engineering. , 2009, Macromolecular bioscience.
[54] S. Garfin,et al. History and evolution of disc replacement. , 2004, The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society.
[55] J. Mano,et al. New Thermo-responsive Hydrogels Based on Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/ Hyaluronic Acid Semi-interpenetrated Polymer Networks: Swelling Properties and Drug Release Studies , 2010 .
[56] A. Khademhosseini,et al. Hydrogels in Regenerative Medicine , 2009, Advanced materials.
[57] Toru Takehisa,et al. Nanocomposite Hydrogels: A Unique Organic–Inorganic Network Structure with Extraordinary Mechanical, Optical, and Swelling/De‐swelling Properties , 2002 .
[58] Jozef Keckes,et al. Cell-wall recovery after irreversible deformation of wood , 2003, Nature materials.
[59] S. Kudaibergenov. Recent Advances in the Study of Synthetic Polyampholytes in Solutions , 1999 .
[60] E. Morris,et al. Gelation of gellan – A review , 2012 .
[61] J. Aizenberg,et al. Reversible Switching of Hydrogel-Actuated Nanostructures into Complex Micropatterns , 2007, Science.
[62] William B. Liechty,et al. Polymers for drug delivery systems. , 2010, Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering.
[63] J. Fraser Stoddart,et al. Cyclodextrin-Based Catenanes and Rotaxanes. , 1998, Chemical reviews.
[64] P. Calvert. Hydrogels for Soft Machines , 2009 .
[65] H. Mitomo,et al. Hydrogel of biodegradable cellulose derivatives. I. Radiation‐induced crosslinking of CMC , 2000 .
[66] P. Higgs,et al. Theory of polyampholyte solutions , 1991 .
[67] Kurt I. Draget,et al. Alginates from Algae , 2002 .
[68] Robin H. Liu,et al. Functional hydrogel structures for autonomous flow control inside microfluidic channels , 2000, Nature.
[69] Luke G Green,et al. A stepwise huisgen cycloaddition process: copper(I)-catalyzed regioselective "ligation" of azides and terminal alkynes. , 2002, Angewandte Chemie.
[70] H. S. Azevedo,et al. Natural origin biodegradable systems in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: present status and some moving trends , 2007, Journal of The Royal Society Interface.
[71] Paul K. Hansma,et al. Bone indentation recovery time correlates with bond reforming time , 2001, Nature.
[72] Yuji Yamamoto,et al. Design and Fabrication of a High-Strength Hydrogel with Ideally Homogeneous Network Structure from Tetrahedron-like Macromonomers , 2008 .
[73] J. W. Hawkes. The structure of fish skin , 1974, Cell and Tissue Research.
[74] J. Mano,et al. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels based on polysaccharides incorporated with thermo-responsive polymers as novel biomaterials. , 2006, Macromolecular bioscience.
[75] Tommasina Coviello,et al. Polysaccharide hydrogels for modified release formulations. , 2007, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.
[76] Gen Kamita,et al. Lamellar Bilayers as Reversible Sacrificial Bonds To Toughen Hydrogel: Hysteresis, Self-Recovery, Fatigue Resistance, and Crack Blunting , 2011 .
[77] A. Khademhosseini,et al. Cell-laden microengineered gelatin methacrylate hydrogels. , 2010, Biomaterials.
[78] J. Gong,et al. Hydrogels with Crystalline or Liquid Crystalline Structure , 2002 .
[80] Y. Osada,et al. Biomechanical properties of high-toughness double network hydrogels. , 2005, Biomaterials.
[81] J. Lewis,et al. Evaluation of fracture toughness of cartilage by micropenetration , 2004, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.
[82] N. Zagris. Extracellular matrix in development of the early embryo. , 2001, Micron.
[83] Y. Osada,et al. A polymer gel with electrically driven motility , 1992, Nature.
[84] A. Khademhosseini,et al. Gellan gum microgel-reinforced cell-laden gelatin hydrogels. , 2013, Journal of materials chemistry. B.
[85] K. Ito,et al. SANS Studies on Deformation Mechanism of Slide-Ring Gel , 2005 .
[86] J. Mano. Designing biomaterials for tissue engineering based on the deconstruction of the native cellular environment , 2015 .
[87] A. Thomas,et al. The strength of highly elastic materials , 1967, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.
[88] P. Kumta,et al. Novel synthesis strategies for natural polymer and composite biomaterials as potential scaffolds for tissue engineering , 2010, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.
[89] David J. Mooney,et al. Growth Factors, Matrices, and Forces Combine and Control Stem Cells , 2009, Science.
[90] Martin Möller,et al. Mechanically strong hydrogels with reversible behaviour under cyclic compression with MPa loading , 2013 .
[91] C. Chern,et al. Polymer vesicles containing small vesicles within interior aqueous compartments and pH-responsive transmembrane channels. , 2008, Angewandte Chemie.
[92] H. Iwata,et al. Enhanced proliferation of neural stem cells in a collagen hydrogel incorporating engineered epidermal growth factor. , 2011, Biomaterials.
[93] M. Rinaudo,et al. Chitin and chitosan: Properties and applications , 2006 .
[94] Jian Ping Gong,et al. Microgel-Reinforced Hydrogel Films with High Mechanical Strength and Their Visible Mesoscale Fracture Structure , 2011 .
[95] R. Banerjee,et al. Biopolymer-based hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering. , 2011, Chemical reviews.
[96] A. Clark,et al. Structural and mechanical properties of biopolymer gels , 1987 .
[97] Ana M S Costa,et al. Biocompatible polymeric microparticles produced by a simple biomimetic approach. , 2014, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.
[98] Yoshimi Tanaka,et al. True Chemical Structure of Double Network Hydrogels , 2009 .
[99] E. Nedkov,et al. Effect of gamma irradiation on the crystalline structure of ultra high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) , 1994 .
[100] J. Kobler,et al. Hyaluronic acid-based microgels and microgel networks for vocal fold regeneration. , 2006, Biomacromolecules.
[101] F. Topuz,et al. Hydrogels in sensing applications , 2012 .
[102] David P. Martin,et al. Fabrication of a trileaflet heart valve scaffold from a polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolyester for use in tissue engineering. , 2000, Tissue engineering.
[103] Jiaxi Cui,et al. Multivalent H-bonds for self-healing hydrogels. , 2012, Chemical communications.
[104] Peter Fratzl,et al. Biomimetic materials research: what can we really learn from nature's structural materials? , 2007, Journal of The Royal Society Interface.
[105] Lina Zhang,et al. Fast contact of solid-liquid interface created high strength multi-layered cellulose hydrogels with controllable size. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.
[106] D. Mooney,et al. Hydrogels for tissue engineering: scaffold design variables and applications. , 2003, Biomaterials.
[107] H. Brown,et al. Jellyfish gel and its hybrid hydrogels with high mechanical strength , 2011 .
[108] Glenn D Prestwich,et al. In situ crosslinkable hyaluronan hydrogels for tissue engineering. , 2004, Biomaterials.
[109] Toyoichi Tanaka,et al. Volume phase transition and related phenomena of polymer gels , 1993 .
[110] T. Sakai,et al. Evaluation of Topological Defects in Tetra-PEG Gels , 2010 .
[111] Jöns Hilborn,et al. Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hydrogels Formed by “Click Chemistry” , 2006 .
[112] Z. Suo,et al. Highly stretchable and tough hydrogels , 2012, Nature.
[113] M. Meneghetti,et al. Self-healing at the nanoscale. , 2009, Nanoscale.
[114] J. Hedrick,et al. Synthesis of well-defined hydrogel networks using click chemistry. , 2006, Chemical communications.
[115] Howon Lee,et al. First jump of microgel; actuation speed enhancement by elastic instability , 2010, 1008.4078.
[116] Jun Wang,et al. Photocrosslinkable polysaccharides based on chondroitin sulfate. , 2004, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.
[117] T. Seki,et al. Recent advances in hydrogels in terms of fast stimuli responsiveness and superior mechanical performance , 2010 .
[118] Wim E. Hennink,et al. Novel crosslinking methods to design hydrogels , 2002 .
[119] Choon Chiang Foo,et al. Stretchable, Transparent, Ionic Conductors , 2013, Science.
[120] Yoshimi Tanaka,et al. Novel hydrogels with excellent mechanical performance , 2005 .
[121] T. Sakai,et al. Structure Characterization of Tetra-PEG Gel by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering , 2009 .
[122] Robert Langer,et al. Controlled degradation and mechanical behavior of photopolymerized hyaluronic acid networks. , 2005, Biomacromolecules.
[123] Rui L Reis,et al. Potential applications of natural origin polymer-based systems in soft tissue regeneration , 2010, Critical reviews in biotechnology.
[124] D J Mooney,et al. Alginate hydrogels as synthetic extracellular matrix materials. , 1999, Biomaterials.
[125] Xinqiao Jia,et al. Hybrid multicomponent hydrogels for tissue engineering. , 2009, Macromolecular bioscience.
[126] F. Tanaka,et al. Elastic properties of polymer networks with sliding junctions , 2005, The European physical journal. E, Soft matter.
[127] S. Raghavan,et al. Nanoparticle-crosslinked hydrogels as a class of efficient materials for separation and ion exchange† , 2011 .
[128] Bonn,et al. Delayed fracture of an inhomogeneous soft solid , 1998, Science.
[129] J. Gong,et al. Highly Extensible Double‐Network Gels with Self‐Assembling Anisotropic Structure , 2008 .
[130] Jincui Gu,et al. Self-healable macro-/microscopic shape memory hydrogels based on supramolecular interactions. , 2014, Chemical communications.
[131] Kinam Park,et al. Environment-sensitive hydrogels for drug delivery , 2001 .
[132] Jian Ping Gong,et al. Why are double network hydrogels so tough , 2010 .
[133] Mitsuhiro Shibayama,et al. Spatial inhomogeneity and dynamic fluctuations of polymer gels , 1998 .
[134] Joselito M. Razal,et al. Progress toward robust polymer hydrogels , 2011 .
[135] J. Fréchet,et al. Fast and convenient divergent synthesis of aliphatic ester dendrimers by anhydride coupling. , 2001, Journal of the American Chemical Society.
[136] R. Lamanna,et al. Novel hydrogels via click chemistry: synthesis and potential biomedical applications. , 2007, Biomacromolecules.
[137] H. Kitano,et al. Raman spectroscopic study of hydrogen bonding in aqueous carboxylic acid solutions , 1990 .
[138] O. Okay,et al. Self-Healing Poly(acrylic acid) Hydrogels with Shape Memory Behavior of High Mechanical Strength , 2014 .
[139] Gabriela A Silva,et al. Natural-origin polymers as carriers and scaffolds for biomolecules and cell delivery in tissue engineering applications. , 2007, Advanced drug delivery reviews.
[140] H. Kitano,et al. Raman spectroscopic study of hydrogen bonding in aqueous carboxylic acid solutions. 3. Polyacrylic acid , 1991 .
[141] J. Mano. Stimuli‐Responsive Polymeric Systems for Biomedical Applications , 2008 .
[142] J. Lewis,et al. Fracture of articular cartilage. , 1996, Journal of biomechanical engineering.
[143] M. Panhuis,et al. Robust biopolymer based ionic-covalent entanglement hydrogels with reversible mechanical behaviour. , 2014, Journal of materials chemistry. B.
[144] Jianfeng Shen,et al. Preparation and characterization of dual-sensitive double network hydrogels with clay as a physical crosslinker , 2015 .
[145] N. Peppas,et al. Physicochemical foundations and structural design of hydrogels in medicine and biology. , 2000, Annual review of biomedical engineering.
[146] Gorka Orive,et al. Microcapsules and microcarriers for in situ cell delivery. , 2010, Advanced drug delivery reviews.
[147] Wim E Hennink,et al. Hydrogels for protein delivery. , 2012, Chemical reviews.
[148] Rao,et al. Laminar Ceramics That Exhibit a Threshold Strength. , 1999, Science.
[149] D. Tuncaboylu,et al. Tough and Self-Healing Hydrogels Formed via Hydrophobic Interactions , 2011 .
[150] O. Muratoglu,et al. Poly(vinyl alcohol)-acrylamide hydrogels as load-bearing cartilage substitute. , 2009, Biomaterials.
[151] D. Gullberg,et al. Extracellular matrix and its receptors during development. , 1995, The International journal of developmental biology.
[152] Federica Chiellini,et al. Polymeric Materials for Bone and Cartilage Repair , 2010 .
[153] Jun Fu,et al. Tough nanocomposite double network hydrogels reinforced with clay nanorods through covalent bonding and reversible chain adsorption. , 2014, Journal of materials chemistry. B.
[154] Yoshihito Osada,et al. Cultivation of endothelial cells on adhesive protein-free synthetic polymer gels. , 2005, Biomaterials.
[155] D. Kaplan,et al. Biopolymer-based biomaterials as scaffolds for tissue engineering. , 2006, Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology.
[156] Alain Domard,et al. The use of physical hydrogels of chitosan for skin regeneration following third-degree burns. , 2007, Biomaterials.
[157] R. Reis,et al. Controlling cell behavior through the design of polymer surfaces. , 2010, Small.
[158] T. Kurokawa,et al. Characterization of internal fracture process of double network hydrogels under uniaxial elongation , 2013 .
[159] Rui L Reis,et al. Engineering Biomolecular Microenvironments for Cell Instructive Biomaterials , 2014, Advanced healthcare materials.
[160] M. Schramm,et al. Synthesis of cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum. II. Preparation of freeze-dried cells capable of polymerizing glucose to cellulose. , 1954, The Biochemical journal.
[161] Clément Sanchez,et al. Biomimetism and bioinspiration as tools for the design of innovative materials and systems , 2005, Nature materials.
[162] Shannon E Bakarich,et al. Recovery from applied strain in interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels with ionic and covalent cross-links , 2012 .
[163] Fabio Palumbo,et al. Disulfide-crosslinked hyaluronan-gelatin hydrogel films: a covalent mimic of the extracellular matrix for in vitro cell growth. , 2003, Biomaterials.
[164] A. Mikos,et al. Review: tissue engineering for regeneration of articular cartilage. , 2000, Biomaterials.
[165] Yoshimi Tanaka,et al. Effect of void structure on the toughness of double network hydrogels , 2011 .
[166] M R Wisnom,et al. The compressive strength of articular cartilage , 1998, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine.
[167] M. Zrínyi,et al. Novel gel actuator containing TiO2 particles operated under static electric field , 2000 .
[168] Georg Schitter,et al. Sacrificial bonds and hidden length: unraveling molecular mesostructures in tough materials. , 2006, Biophysical journal.
[169] Ali Khademhosseini,et al. The mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of cell-laden double-network hydrogels based on photocrosslinkable gelatin and gellan gum biomacromolecules. , 2012, Biomaterials.
[170] Hidemitsu Furukawa,et al. Swelling-induced modulation of static and dynamic fluctuations in polyacrylamide gels observed by scanning microscopic light scattering. , 2003, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.
[171] Jian Ping Gong,et al. Physical hydrogels composed of polyampholytes demonstrate high toughness and viscoelasticity. , 2013, Nature materials.
[172] Mikaël M. Martino,et al. Biomimetic materials in tissue engineering , 2010 .
[173] K. Shull,et al. Ionically Cross-Linked Triblock Copolymer Hydrogels with High Strength , 2010 .
[174] H. Schneider,et al. Chemomechanical Polymers as Sensors and Actuators for Biological and Medicinal Applications , 2007, Sensors.
[175] Ting Huang,et al. A Novel Hydrogel with High Mechanical Strength: A Macromolecular Microsphere Composite Hydrogel , 2007 .
[176] O. Okay,et al. Design of high-toughness polyacrylamide hydrogels by hydrophobic modification , 2009 .
[177] Andrew Gouldstone,et al. Mechanically strong double network photocrosslinked hydrogels from N,N-dimethylacrylamide and glycidyl methacrylated hyaluronan. , 2008, Biomaterials.
[178] Jerry C. Hu,et al. Unlike Bone, Cartilage Regeneration Remains Elusive , 2012, Science.
[179] R. Hayward,et al. Characterization of Heterogeneous Polyacrylamide Hydrogels by Tracking of Single Quantum Dots , 2014 .
[180] Jeffrey A Hubbell,et al. Photopolymerized hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels and interpenetrating networks. , 2003, Biomaterials.
[181] J. Hubbell,et al. Synthetic biomaterials as instructive extracellular microenvironments for morphogenesis in tissue engineering , 2005, Nature Biotechnology.