Targeting 'technology exchange' for faster organizational and industry development

Effective transfers of core knowledge and essential skills from one region/country/organization to another are often advocated to accelerate long-term development. However, the successful transfers of technologies in general and construction technology in particular have often been restricted by various barriers. A common problem is that the ‘transferor’ will not devote special resources to effecting sustainable (rather than superficial) ‘transfers’ if only the ‘transferee’ is perceived to benefit from such Technology Transfers. However, a broader conceptualization of technology incorporates multiple dimensions/components of ‘knowledge’ and skills, including ‘cultural’, linguistic, logistic and ‘networking’ capacities. This broadened concept could convince both parties of mutual benefits to be derived through an ‘exchange’ of strengths in different components of such technologies. The paper is based on a survey of international literature on these issues, structured interviews and responses to a questionnaire issued to a cross-section of practitioners in Hong Kong. The foregoing paradox of Technology Transfers and the proposed paradigm of ‘technology exchange’ are discussed in terms of the construction industry. Construction Joint Ventures that have proliferated in many countries including Hong Kong are seen to be a suitable vehicle for facilitating such technology exchange. Appropriate policies and incentives at macro(governmental), meso- (organizational) and micro- (project) levels are needed to empower and propel this process as part of an integrated strategy for the long-term development of construction organizations and industries. Pour accélérer le développement à long terme, on préconise souvent des transferts effectifs de connaissances de base et de compétences essentielles d'une région, d'un pays, d'une organisation à un autre. Cependant, le succès des transferts de technologies en général et de technologies de la construction en particulier a souvent été freiné par plusieurs obstacles. Un problème commun est le fait que l'initiateur du transfert ne consacre pas de ressources particulières pour faire en sorte que les transferts soient durables plutôt que superficiels si seulement le receveur du transfert est perçu comme bénéficiant de ces transferts de technologies. Toutefois, une plus large conceptualisation de la technologie implique de multiples dimensions et composants de la “connaissance” et des compétences, y compris des capacités “culturelles”, linguistiques, logistiques et de réseautique. Ce concept élargi pourrait convaincre les deux parties des avantages réciproques à dériver des échanges de points forts dans différentes composantes de telles technologies. Cet article repose sur une étude de la documentation internationale relative à ces problèmes, d'interviews structurées et de réponses à un questionnaire adressé à un panel de professionnels à Hong Kong. Le paradoxe des transferts de technologies et le modèle proposé des échanges de technologies sont examinés dans le contexte du secteur de la construction. Dans de nombreux pays, y compris à Hong Kong, des coentreprises de construction se sont avérées être un vecteur approprié pour faciliter de tels échanges de technologies. Des politiques appropriées et des incitations aux niveau macro (gouvernements), meso (entreprises) et micro (projets) sont nécessaires pour autonomiser et pousser ce processus dans le cadre d'une stratégie intégrée de développement à long terme des organisations et des entreprises du secteur de la construction.

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