Comparison of 3-Dimensional and Augmented Reality Kidney Models With Conventional Imaging Data in the Preoperative Assessment of Children With Wilms Tumors

Key Points Question What is the value of 3-dimensional (3-D) visualization methods, augmented reality holograms, and 3-D printing for the preoperative assessment of anatomical structures in children with Wilms tumors? Findings In this survey study of 7 pediatric surgeons for which 10 personalized, augmented reality holograms and 3-D prints of children with Wilms tumors were created, there was a significant added value from the 3-D visualization methods compared with conventional imaging for the preoperative assessment. Meaning Three-dimensional visualizations may provide added value for the pediatric surgeon in the anatomical assessment of Wilms tumors, may help in future preoperative planning of nephron-sparing surgery, and may be considered an innovative supplementary visualization in clinical care.

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