Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ( AMF ) in the Rhizosphere of Helianthus annuus

In this investigation an attempt was made to reveal the root colonization and species diversity of AMF in the Rhizosphere of sunflower, collected from different areas which differed in physicochemical parameter. The higher colonization was observed at Arasadipatti (Pudukkottai), Thalaimalaipatti (Trichy) Thirukkanurpatti (Thanjavur) and the lower colonization was observed at Thirumalaisamuthirum (Thanjavur). The colonization among root samples collected from ten different soils, ranged from 20%-70%, this may due to some biotic and abiotic stress. Altogether fourteen species of AMF were isolated, of which seven species were contributed by Glomus spp., three by Gigaspora spp. and two by Acalospora spp. and Scutilospora spp., The spore densities of soils studied varied from 210 to 740/100g soils. The highest isolation frequency, of 60% was represented by Glomus mossae and the lowest was by Glomus species 1, Gigaspora sp1, Gigaspora sp2. Among the ten soils, species richness and Shannon-Wiener index of diversity (H’) were found to be greater at Vallamputhur (Thanjavur), Sampson’s index of dominance (D) was found to be high at Kummankulum (Pudukkottai).

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