The ecosystem management paradigm has gained wide acceptance among land resource managers. The definition of ecosystem management remains fuzzy, however, and two fundamentally different views of ecosystem management prevail The first view is biocentric and considers human use of resources to be constrained by the primary goal of maintaining ecological integrity. The second view is anthropocentric and retains the importance of human use of resources, but it includes ecological and social considerations. In the 1981 book The Arrogance of Humanism, David Ehrenfeld examines the central tenets and assumptions of humanism. He provides several examples of human activities in which humanist assumptions are manifest and applies end-product analysis to these to demonstrate the arrogance and failure of humanist assumptions. In this essay, the anthropocentric view of ecosystem management (hereafter just ecosystem management) is discussed in the context of The Arrogance of Humanism, and it is shown that ecosystem management is ultimately humanistic. The underlying assumptions of ecosystem management are also discussed and are examined using end-product analysis. This analysis suggests that the belief in our ability to meet the assumptions of ecosystem management is unwarranted and that ecosystem management is yet another example of the arrogance of humanism. Solution of our land- and resource-management problems must begin with rejection of humanism's doctrine of final causes.
El paradigma del manejo de los ecosistemas ha ganado una amplia aceptacion entre aquellos dedicados al manejo de la tierra y los recursos. Sin embargo, la definicion del manejo de los ecosistemas resulta todavia confusa y prevalecen dos puntos de vista fundamentalmente diferentes sobre el manejo de los ecosistemas. El primer punto de vista, es biocentrico y considera el uso humano de los recursos constrenido por el objetivo primario de mantener la integridad ecologica. El segundo punto de vista, es antropocentrico y retiene la importancia del uso humano de los recursos, pero expande el contexto para incluir contrataciones ecologicas y sociales. En el libro publicado en 1981, La Arrogancia del Humanismo, David Ehrenfeld examina los principios y supuestos del humanismo. El autor provee varios ejemplos de actividades humanas en las cuales los supuestos humanistas estan manifiestos y aplica el analisis de producto-final para demostrar la arrogancia y el fracaso de los supuestos humanistas. El punto de vista antropocentrico del manejo de los ecosistemas (de abora en adelante llamado manejo de ecosistemas) es discutido en el contexto de La Arrogancia del Humanismo y se demuestra que el manejo de los ecosistemas es en esencia humanistico. En este ensayo se discuten y examinan los supuestos subyacentes del manejo de los ecosistemas utilizando el analisis de producto-final. Este analisis sugiere que existe una falta de garantia en nuestra habilidad para satisfacer los supuestos del manejo de los ecosistemas y que el manejo de los ecosistemas, es en si mismo un ejemplo de arrogancia del humanismo. La solucion para los problemas de manejo de nuestra tierra y recursos tiene que comenzar por el rechazo de la doctrina humanista de las causas finales.
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