On Hearing and Interpreting Political Messages: A Cautionary Tale of Citizen Cue-Taking

Recent research documents the widespread use of heuristics, especially a reliance on elite cues among citizens. Scholars have celebrated this mode of decision making as rational and effective. Using experimental survey data collected from white and African-American respondents, we also identify what appears to be a strong influence of elite messages on mass political judgments, but only among our black respondents. More importantly, the data reveal some of the perils of cue-taking. Although rational, this heuristic may not always be effective.

[1]  E. S. Conklin Human Motivation , 1932, The Journal of Religion.

[2]  Charlotte Steeh,et al.  Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations , 1985 .

[3]  Harald Reuter,et al.  Diversity and complexity , 1988, Nature.

[4]  Paul M. Sniderman,et al.  Reasoning and Choice: The principle–policy puzzle: the paradox of American racial attitudes , 1991 .

[5]  William B. Bean,et al.  Issue in Evolution. , 1965 .

[6]  Jeffery J. Mondak Source Cues and Policy Approval: The Cognitive Dynamics of Public Support for the Reagan Agenda , 1993 .

[7]  M. Zanna,et al.  Attitudes and Attitude Change , 1993 .

[8]  H. Kelley Attribution theory in social psychology , 1967 .

[9]  John W. Kingdon Agendas, alternatives, and public policies , 1984 .

[10]  L. Ross,et al.  The hostile media phenomenon: biased perception and perceptions of media bias in coverage of the Beirut massacre. , 1985, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[11]  A. Downs An Economic Theory of Democracy , 1957 .

[12]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  Attitudes and Persuasion: Classic and Contemporary Approaches , 1981 .

[13]  D. Rucinski The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion. , 1994 .

[14]  R. Calvert Reputation and legislative leadership , 1987 .

[15]  B. Barber Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age , 1985 .

[16]  J. Macmurray Reason and Emotion , 1972 .

[17]  R. Williams Racial attitudes. , 1976, Science.

[18]  G. Marcus The Structure of Emotional Response: 1984 Presidential Candidates , 1988, American Political Science Review.

[19]  R. Huckfeldt,et al.  Race and the Decline of Class in American Politics , 1989 .

[20]  R. Wyer,et al.  The Cognitive and Affective Bases of Political Tolerance Judgments , 1991 .

[21]  Richard R. Lau,et al.  Attributions in the Sports Pages , 1980 .

[22]  L. Sigelman,et al.  Black Americans' Views of Racial Inequality: The Dream Deferred , 1991 .

[23]  P. J. Conover,et al.  Candidate Perception in an Ambiguous World: Campaigns, Cues, and Inference Processes , 1989 .

[24]  R. Masters,et al.  6. Nonverbal Behavior and Leadership: Emotion and Cognition in Political Information Processing , 2020, Explorations in Political Psychology.

[25]  Alice H. Eagly,et al.  Heuristic and systematic information processing within and beyond the persuasion context. , 1989 .

[26]  Paul B. Sheatsley,et al.  Attitudes toward racial integration. , 1971, Scientific American.

[27]  Benjamin Ginsberg The captive public : how mass opinion promotes state power , 1987 .

[28]  A. Flower World Oil Production , 1978 .

[29]  A. Greeley,et al.  Attitudes toward racial integration. , 1971, Scientific American.

[30]  F. Heider The psychology of interpersonal relations , 1958 .

[31]  R. Fazio,et al.  Attitude accessibility as a moderator of the attitude-perception and attitude-behavior relations: an investigation of the 1984 presidential election. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[32]  John T. Cacioppo,et al.  The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion , 1986, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology.

[33]  Franziska Marquart,et al.  Communication and persuasion : central and peripheral routes to attitude change , 1988 .

[34]  S. Chaiken Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. , 1980 .

[35]  Russell L. Miller A Common Destiny: Blacks and American Society , 1990 .