Making judgements about students making work: Lecturers’ assessment practices in art and design

This research study explores the assessment practices in two higher education art and design departments. The key aim of this research was to explore art and design studio assessment practices as lived and experienced by art and design lecturers. This work draws on two bodies of pre-existing research. Firstly this study adopted methodological approaches that have been employed to good effect to explore assessment in text based subjects (think aloud) and moderation mark agreement (observation). Secondly the study builds on existing research into the assessment of creative practice. By applying thinking aloud methodologies in a creative practice assessment context the authors seek to illuminate the ‘in practice’, rather than espoused, assessment approaches adopted. The analysis suggests that lecturers in the study employed three macro conceptions of quality to support the judgement process, namely the demonstration of significant learning over time, the demonstration of effective studentship and the presentation of meaningful art/design work.

[1]  Bernadette Blair,et al.  Bau Wow! A model for creative practice, thinking, learning, research and innovation in the 21st century , 2008 .

[2]  Margo Blythman,et al.  Transparent opacity: assessment in the inclusive academy , 2005 .

[3]  J. Danvers Towards a Radical Pedagogy: Provisional Notes on Learning and Teaching in Art & Design , 2003 .

[4]  Tom Wengraf Qualitative Research Interviewing: Biographic Narrative and Semi-Structured Methods , 2001 .

[5]  Susan Orr,et al.  Being an artist you kind of, I mean, you get used to excellence’: Identity, Values and Fine Art Assessment Practices , 2011 .

[6]  J. Greatorex,et al.  What goes through an examiner's mind? Using verbal protocols to gain insights into the GCSE marking process , 2008 .

[7]  Debbie Clewes,et al.  Marking the Difference: An investigation of the criteria used for assessing undergraduate dissertations in a business school , 2000 .

[8]  L. Wells,et al.  The History of Sexuality Vol I: An Introduction , 1980 .

[9]  Arch Chee Keen Wong Action Research in Teaching and Learning: A Practical Guide to Conducting Pedagogical Research in Universities – By Lin S. Norton , 2012 .

[10]  L. McDowell,et al.  Does assessment for learning make a difference? The development of a questionnaire to explore the student response , 2011 .

[11]  Assessment talk in Design: the multiple purposes of assessment in HE , 2011 .

[12]  M. Strathern The Tyranny of Transparency , 2000 .

[13]  M. Barrow Assessment and student transformation: linking character and intellect , 2006 .

[14]  Paul R. Trowler,et al.  ‘A kind of exchange’: learning from art and design teaching , 2010 .

[15]  L. F. García,et al.  Testing the Hierarchical Structure of the Children's Depression Inventory , 2008, Assessment.

[16]  V. Brooks,et al.  Marking as judgment , 2012 .

[17]  Cheri Logan Circles of Practice: Educational and Professional Graphic Design. , 2006 .

[18]  Margaret Macintyre Latta,et al.  The Function of Art Students ’ Use of Studio Conversations in Relation to their Artwork , 2011 .

[19]  Shan Wareing,et al.  Key Aspects of Teaching and Learning in the Visual Arts , 2009 .

[20]  E. Brink,et al.  Constructing grounded theory : A practical guide through qualitative analysis , 2006 .

[21]  Eleanor Hawe,et al.  'It's Pretty Difficult to Fail': The reluctance of lecturers to award a failing grade , 2003 .

[22]  Tom Wengraf,et al.  Qualitative Research Interviewing , 2001 .

[23]  Susan Bloxham,et al.  Mark my words: the role of assessment criteria in UK higher education grading practices , 2011 .

[24]  S. Merriam Qualitative Research in Practice , 2008 .

[25]  Susan Orr,et al.  We kind of try to merge our own experience with the objectivity of the criteria’: The role of connoisseurship and tacit practice in undergraduate fine art assessment , 2010 .

[26]  P. Grainger,et al.  Judging quality through substantive conversations between markers , 2008 .

[27]  D. Macdonald,et al.  (Mis)appropriations of criteria and standards‐referenced assessment in a performance‐based subject , 2008 .

[28]  Susan Orr Making Marks: assessment practices in art and design , 2007 .

[29]  Patrick Smith,et al.  The Trouble with Learning Outcomes , 2002 .

[30]  M. Lorenzen Creativity in context : Content, cost, chance and collection in the organization of the film industry , 2009 .

[31]  Margo Blythman,et al.  Critiquing the Crit , 2007 .

[32]  James Elkins,et al.  Why Art Cannot Be Taught: A Handbook for Art Students , 2015 .

[33]  P. D. Vries,et al.  The first year of teaching in primary school: Where is the place of music? , 2011 .

[34]  Theresa Lillis,et al.  Student Writing: Access, Regulation, Desire , 2001 .

[35]  J. Ritchie Qualitative research practice , 2014 .

[36]  Liesbeth Baartman,et al.  Exploring the role of assessment criteria during teachers’ collaborative judgement processes of students’ portfolios , 2012 .

[37]  The ‘wow’ factors: the assessment of practical media and creative arts subjects , 2004 .

[38]  Lotta Dellve,et al.  Charmaz, Kathy (2006). Constructing grounded theory: a practical guide through qualitative analysis. London: SAGE , 2006 .

[39]  Bernadette Blair,et al.  'At the end of a huge crit in the summer, it was “crap” – I’d worked really hard but all she said was “fine” and I was gutted' , 2007 .

[40]  Etienne Wenger,et al.  Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity , 1998 .

[41]  From reproduction to creativity and the aesthetic: towards an ontological approach to the assessment of devised performance , 2010 .

[42]  P. Burke,et al.  Art for a few: exclusions and misrecognitions in art and design higher education admissions , 2009 .

[43]  Howard Cannatella Art Assessment , 2001 .

[44]  Susan Orr,et al.  Assessment moderation: constructing the marks and constructing the students , 2007 .

[45]  D. Royce Sadler,et al.  Indeterminacy in the use of preset criteria for assessment and grading , 2009 .

[46]  Sharon Bailin CREATIVITY IN CONTEXT , 2002 .

[47]  Exploring the nature of examiner thinking during the process of examination marking , 2008 .

[48]  Douglas Neale,et al.  Assessment focus in studio: What is most prominent in architecture, art and design? , 2009 .