Optimal Allocation of Electric Vehicle Parking Lots to Improve Self-healing Property of Smart Grid in Islanding Mode

Self-healing is one of the power system's strategies for increasing system reliability under the emergency. Self-healing property first detects the location of the fault and then by grid reconfiguration and servicing to the loads maintains the adequacy of the system. Planning the charging and discharging of electric vehicles, as well as the optimal allocation of parking lots as a distributed energy resources in order to inject electric power into the smart grid during the fault, creates the potential that can simultaneously maintain the network parameters at the optimal level and has the least load shedding. Because the islanding mode is one of the common modes of network fault, in this research the optimal allocation of parking lots has been studied to improve the self-healing property of the smart grid in islanding mode. The studied system is the 12-bus network of the Ulleungdo Island in South Korea. In this paper, firstly using the HOMER software, the power of electrical resources is calculated at the desired geographic location under normal conditions. Secondly, the system is modeled after the fault by General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) software, and the optimal location and size of the parking lots and the amount of curtailment of the distributed generation sources are determined by Synchronous Branch and Bound (SBB) algorithm. The objective functions of the problem include the reducing of power losses and demand-not-supplied, and improving the voltage quality. The results of the simulation indicate the high efficiency of the proposed method for reducing the load shedding.