Relevance Evaluation of Search Engines' Query Results

!$# &%' (# ) * !+ !, )# . / ) 0 1) 2! 3 ( 45 ( 16 7 ) 8 9 ) ):<;=# ( > ) (# )?/@ ) 2! A )% . B BC D ! %E ' FB ) G# ( )BH IJ%' (# ) ) 3 BK %L 8K!$ M >B )-$ ) !$ BN F !$%O M%L P# & -$ 9# !$ %' Q !PB<?/ R 7!$# !S 1Q < T 2 6 UP 8 /! V ( 16 W 8$ ) . X ( )B>!$ > Y -S 6 8$ Y ) )1) Y (1)! )? Keywords I& ) )1) 2Z 1)! $ Z . 1Q M[\ 8 YI] UP 8 1. INTRODUCTION ZP 16 K 8$ ) 2 'B ) ( 8$ )BW ! ) W# ( Y !5;=# 16U M^ B # ( "# T "! %L . !$ 5! > ]_C )X<?`_a > !$# B *! b ( . 1Q 8$ ) V 9 X 9 & B+ 1Q c ,B de ) = A B Q4 8=f. 6 UP 8 %' Q !PB V B B de ) = 1)!.-S Q 6 8$ ^ B 9 8Y &!$ . 8 9-$ ) LX ) g + ) (# c "! ' 7;=# ( WX )1)! %' ) c hB i'1)# c 6 (U ?7 R )-P !$# Y g # B ) ) T ( "! %L 1) +! ( . 1Q W ) 8 9 ) Y YX ) ) %L P# M )# B7X ( Bh! W8 ) Q 6 \ (# XPjg )1Q ;=# ) Y B (! %' ( )1) ^ 1 ;P# ( B !$%L )?\@ %L jg! \X ) Q^ \! %L P# Q ( "! %L 1) 2 )# . !$ h 9 & c 1)1 # 6 1Q =?/@ +BP 6 X 16U5 ' ' , (# X jR )1 -S $ 3 %' 0k1)!$ (# %' 8 A BH1 ! L $B V ) T !+ / )-S Q ]16 8 9 8, ( . 1Q 5 8$ ) & BL_l_l_m? n # ! %L 1\ )-$ # ! Y! ( 16 ) 8 \ ( "! %L 1) \ 9 T 8$ B ) ( 6 X 9 /B # !Y o g 1Q 8 82 # ]! pX ! ' _C )X B> Y ( 16 M ) 8$ ) ) ) b & / 9 8 + %'!$# = ! \ 9 0 D! %L . 9! K! W 2_C )X<?2 R h )-$ # 8> c ( "! %L 1) ,! ( ) 16 c ) 8$ ) $ # ! %L 1A 9 -$ 1) A )# . 9! 9 p *US =? n !S 16 K! ) )1) , )# . !$ C! h +_C )Xh Y !5 $B ( %' 9 R ,%' (# ) V# ( B, L * ( 6 $B !$ D! %L . 9! ' 0 ( )Aqo RIsr ) ? M s V + ( ) = Y h !$ 16 M ! 6 U5 ( . 1Q 7 ) 0 8 ) >X ( )Bl!$ t C 9 8 K P# %cX L! %' h;P# ) )?u@ !S 16 H1)!$ ( g ,! R V!7 g ) )v7qw $r21)! %' # 8 ) )1 (1 ! ) ! ' F !$%x 16 l ( . 1Q y ) 8 9 $ & BzqoX rc 6 UP 8 , ( . 1Q G ) 8$ 2X ( Bh!$ G -S Q 6 8$ , 9 -$ 1) ' (1)! ) )? R 1 !$%' # 8+ 9 -$ 1) (1)! ) /! A ) g # BP > D!$# ] ) 0 -$ 1) L (1)! 9 8h 8$! %' )?h@ ) L! & )%{ 9 !$ ! Y 98 ! %' c FB ) |# ( BG | ( 6 B !$ "! %L !$ Q ( 9 -$ ]^ FBe?}@ y 7-S )1Q ! ( 1) M%'!PB ) 2qo~YZ Mr, 0 8 ! %' ) *€sU$ * ( %' 9 R H%' (# )%' P qk€sU$ Fr  ‚.ƒw * B 1 ! -$ 2B ) ( R M 6 UP 9 8Kqk„V…/Isr  † ƒw?, K B B ! T p V 'B -S ) !$ ' } ) 0k )-S ) T (1)! 8> 8$! %‡qw@*ˆ`Z r* !'%' %' 1Y1)! %,0 %'! # ( B %L P# < !S 1Q ) )? 2. RELEVANCE EVALUATION / < ( )1 !$ < V 3 ) ( ) = T ! K ! ] "!$# p ) )1) \ )0 # !$ K 8$! %' Y%' ) = !$ BW X !.-S c !> )-$ # 2 ) )1 ! b ( . 1Q 5 8$ ) ): ;=# Q ( (# )? 2.1 Vector Space Model (VSM) ~/Z ‰ pX ) ) / 9B ) # ( B/ Y b ( 6 $B 9! = RIK^ ) 9B<?` !$ g ( ) 16 K ) 8$ ) / (!5# ( c ( %' 9 9 . h%' (# ) /X ( B7!$ 7 %'!PB ) ` !> 6 U5_K )XhB !=1)# %' ) = )?c…s# c !L ,B %' 912 .0 # >! s >_C XN BH X 9 G !K 1)1) ) ( , > ! _C )X< >~/Z x%' !PBG1 ! 'X > 9 )BNB 1 H 9 | )# . (0 8> + ( "! %L 1 '! * ( . 1Q W ) 8 ) )? Š ! 2 4 %' $ < P-S ( >B !=1 # %' ) = + F ;=# ) 1 G , ! L 9 X >X )1 # ( ! 6 P# %cX 3! pB !=1)# %' ) = 3 L &1)!$ )1 !$ B' s P# %,0 X Q +! sB !=1)# %' P 1)! = 6 8h 7;=# ( h %E ! F ) G# 0 UP !. <?L@ Q L , + * ) Y !MB A h !$X )%5v qg† rT%L U$ V ( %' ( (# %' 9! ` (# 1Q c ` V P-S ( *B !=1)# %' P F ;=# ) 1 c 9 3 /1)! g 6 = A "! * B !=1)# %' ) = )‹ qk‚ r\ ) g %L . 6 %' *# *XP , %' 82 &_C )X<‹ BhqwŒSr3# ( / D! (0 %L . !$ G D ! %‡ ( . 1Q | ) 8 ) ) V! Qf BH 4 ( ):\ ) g %L ! T? ! # ) ( . 1Q < Y# ( B c1)!$%cX . 9! 5! p Y ( )1)! B5 B s 6B> !S 1Q ) )? @T!G |~YZ  !W _K )XT V 5 ( L _C )Xy KX 98 B 6 X ( / BL ) g %L ] s 6 %' *# ! b~/Z W? @ _K )Xl ) g %L By !G1)! = 6 t ! # BŽ†WX 9 !$ a B 4 X 8 ) pX= ] R U= ! %' $ B] As[V„MI& ) ( 16 R g # b Š )X # 0 . ( = ‚  $P? @ P# ) $ s ( Q V ! 6 P# %+X Q 3! `B !=1)# %' P A!$ ,_C )X< bY‘c† $$P $$P $$P?G@p!M g 9%L . L’ “= b ' # %+X ! 3B !=1)# %' ) = &1 !$ = 6 8> ,1 ( 6 h;=# ( %5 V # ( 2 9 0 D! %L . 9! , 4P ( 6 1Q B2 F !$%‰ ( )-S Q 6 ( 16 , ) 8$ ) A \ D!$ ! )v qg† r (# X %' Y , Q %{ !7 5 ( ) 16 G ) 8 9 ) +”& !58$ Q ,•b–g b P# %+X 2! ]B !=1)# %' ) = 21)!$ = 6 9 8M ' %5‹]qk‚$r 1 1)# F . ! %L 9— BM ( 9— 2 D! / ) 16 h ( ) 16 h 8$ c”( ˜ –g eX ( B5!$ • – Bh c ) 9 . 9-$ ' ( 9— Mq"™ – rs! , ( 16 C ) 8$ c ! . ! , ! _K )XTvc˜ –s‘š•b– ›.™ –(?7@ L F . -S > ( —) L™ –&1 X +B -S )B7 F !$%œ + ! # / g # B )  Œ ƒw‹\ BHqwŒSr] 6 U$ c %' )B 9 |! / 5 ! %L —) B| ( 9— ) L! / 5 ( 16 l ) 8$ > /^ e ) (# ? n D Q ]8 ( 8, Y-$ 9# ) ! A{ B ’ “S 9 -$ 1) (1 ! ) \! s ( 16 + 8$ 1 +X V ( 9 c1)!$%' # Be? 2.2 Okapi Similarity Measurement (Okapi) €sU s ! 7! 2 7%'! g ! # 9 . %' !PB # ( Bl a ( 6 B !$ / Iž^ FBy Ba . > 7@ Is[3„š1)!$ " ) 1) ) )?ŸŠ ! ) (!$ L ( 9%' 9 L !h 5~/Z  %' !PB< A 7€sU *%' !PB 1) ! YX + BWB )1 7 W )# 8L c ( "! %L 1 ! ` ( . 1Q > ) 8 ) )?\_C ] ) )B # "! & ¡ ’ “ ¡ B ¢P£=’P¤ P -S Q 6 8$ ) 8 G! ] 5_C )XCB !=1)# %' ) = ?M R G! # 2 ) ( 16 T \ V g 9%L . + '# ) Y! ¥ BK’ “ K c * ) CB ) (1 X Bh 9 5 9 g ( )1 ! y "! >~/Z W?3@ 5 .-$ 6 8 M 9 8 N! h_C )X B !=1)# %' P sqo¢P£=’P¤or3 * ) g %L B * / -S 6 8$ / ) 8 ! ` ! M‚ + D ! %š ( )-S 6 T ( ) 16 5 ) 8 ) !$ + 9 8 Y # %+X ! \;=# ) )? 2.3 Cover Density Ranking (CDR) @ sX ) ^ V! b„V…/Ia V . * ! *!$ '1)!$ ( 9B ] P# %,0 X Q +! sB g 9 1 2 %' 9 H 7B !=1)# %' ) = pX # c 9 (!7 !. ) ( B g 9 1 M %' ) Bt } WB !=1 # %' ) = / (# 1Q } ! 1 9! ( Q H $?N@p!W $B „V…/Iš !h _K )XT A > ) )BH ! ^ B7!$# ! Ÿ%L = 7B g 1Q 2;P# ( M %' Y B !=1)# %' ) = / B> 6 U' /B !=1)# %' ) = %'! YB 9 g 1 %' * 8$ ? €s# b-S ( ! +! „V…/IG%' !PB21)! %' # ) T 3 ) )1) V (1)! ) ! \B !=1 # %' ) = > !c g ) )v qg† rV…/!=1)# %' P / (1)! B5 1 0 1 ! 6B 8s V 8$# 9 . *„V…/I|%' !PB<?p[3 1Q 'B !=1)# %' P `X ) !$ 8 ! ,1)!=! 6B . !$ 7 )-S ) `8 !$# 7 B5 ] ' (1)! 5 . 8 !$# T‹V BNqk‚$r/ L (1)! , L ! %L —) BK !M 6 8$ 7qwP *† ƒ D! LB !=1)# %' P 1)! = 6 87! G!$ Q %5 ` !M 6 8 Wqg† V‚.ƒ D! 2B !=1)# %' ) = ]1)!$ = 6 9 8> !5B de ) = s %' ) T B7 (!>! T (!, D! ( <? 2.4 Three-Level Scoring Method (TLS) @ Y@*ˆ`Z'%' !PBL B )-S ) !$ )BL ! 6 US ] P# %L ' Q4 1 6 !$ ! * ( . 1Q h ) (# Y = ! 1)1)!$# = 2 B7 Y%'!PB ) Bh F 4 g (0 8>%L # p !S 1Q ) )? €s# /@*ˆpZM%' Q !PB51)! ( g /! A D!$ ! 9 8 !, g )v † ? -S ) + s;=# ( 6 ( & %' ` Bc &_K )Xc 8 c 6 ) Ž (1)! 1 1)# F . B5 )v q ¡ r\‘ qg† r Q + 51)! g 6 P `1)! ( ) ( ! B 9 8M ! , V ) 8$ = "! 9! 8 (# X 0k 6 ( ) )‹ –(¡ † œ” ! \¡3 ' 5 P# %,0 X ! `!=1)1)# ( ) 1 Y! p / (# X 0k 6 ( ) ! b ) 8 ”( w? $? 1)! P 6 8,”\ %' )? ‚=?&„V!$ P-S Q ( q ¡ r ! ) 0k )-S ) ( 9%' 9 / (1)! ")”$#Kq P¡ r ! # 8 , ) ( !$ 9B 8 S L-$ 9# &‚s "! 3 ) )= † "! . ( 9 ) )= B5c "! & ( 9 -$ P v ")”%#Wq ¡ rb‘ & ' ( ‚ q P¡ r*),+ † +.q ¡ r )|•/+  q P¡ r*0|•/+ qk‚ r Q 1+a V Y1)! g 6 = A ) ( !$ 9B< = ) ( ) = 8/ * 0 ;=# )%' ) = "! 'X ) 8M ) )= ‹V•} ' M# X R V ) ) + B7†$ P ) ( ) = 9 8+ & ;=# )%' ) = 3 "! &X ) 8+ . (0 9 ) )= ? m!$# h 4 %' ) = ) Y G# ( )B} HB o # K ( Q ( 9 8 2+ ‘ † ¡ • ‘E439† & B ‘O† P ! @*ˆpZe?A R N!$# L )-P !$# , V! U V Y!$X ( -S BL Q ( "! %L 1) s )-$ # ! > ) (# * V Y ! -$ ( L ( ) ( -S s !2 / 6 %' *# *! \@*ˆpZ B /B 0 " # ] ( ( 8+8$ ) 6 > V! US )B> ) o? 3. EXPERIMENTS / \ 4 %' ) = ) )# ( 8* "! # p 9 -$ 1) \ (1)! 9 8& 8$! %' ) V G )# . W K ( "! %L 1 C! + ( 4Ž ( . 1Q } ) 8 ) ) 6587:9 ;%<>= ?A@B;%<DC 5 =FEHG/I <J@K;LCMI EHGONQPHPBR 7TS CBN EHG1NUPVCAWKXYE G ? Z P\[]C Z2E BV^ P\_K;M` S _ [ba/?TR `b;cC ^ a>E ? @ 4 %' ) = V X ( B5!$ ( ! ( V;=# ) A1)!$ = 6 9 82‚P =Œ =! *d/ %' )?b@ ;=# ) \ Q B -S BL D !$%š !'B !$%L *! \ = ) g v † Œ\e$Œ';=# ( L 6 ( ) qw@ fY…/[Vr] F !$%hg [ PJi 7TSBj R S <\[ jkj <\;%< S [4R\?A[ SBS _ ?A[bR \ BH†Hl$‚Jm ;=# ( 6 ( ) qw@QnA… „*r D ! %po <\_ < 7M7TSq7 <\[ j j ?A@B; _K?$rqs4; S jut P\v 9 o s ; ?M[4R ?J@ h ( "! %L 1 W! c ( 4y !$ # 9 5 ( ) 16 Ž 8$ ) V 1)!$%' B # ( 8s R V!/ ( 16 ,%'!PB ) )vp *B " # A ( . 1Q %'!PB Y B> s 4 1 & 6 ( / ( ) 16 M%'!PB $? _l ) l V W1)! %' # 5 M ) )1 h (1 ! ) 5! M # B UP /# ( 8 B de ) = s (1)! 8>%' !PB ) 2 "! 9 ! u 1Q h 9 U !h ( )-S _C XlB !=1 # %' ) = ?y@ ) | uws@ 5ˆmB !=1)# 0 %' P A 1)! P-S ( B+ !2 n Z „V ( `^ & ws@ 5ˆM 6 8$ * B (1Q 9 & ! M ) * ) =? €s > ! 1 ( +;=# ) & V # ( B> 9 , 4 %' ) = Y ( 1 >B de ) = ) 8 ) %L ) 7 ( 21 6 0 —) )B,;=# ) AB de P =?`@p!s B # 1) !$ ( ( X R c AB !=1 0 # %' ) = !$ 5 s_C XM Y16 8$ )B X R V ) ) 5 -$ 9# !$ ) %' /;=# Q ( + * * (# X %' ( )B' ! 6 8 ( . 1Q > ) 8 9 ) ( 0 %c# 6 )!$# ( , ! # 8$ L%c# B 8 >! # V ( 16 5 8$ ) = ? @ ( . 1Q N 8 ) = , ( BC !W1 !$ )1 , !h 1Q H # BC U B,8$ .-$ &# , ) , 1)!$ )1 ! 1 !$# 9B, ! 3X & g 6 X ( )B M! 2%' 9 P# $?*_C # ( )B Y !$ W‚ ' & D ! %ž 1Q 7 ( . 1Q 8$ $?