Influenza virosomes as an efficient system for adjuvanted vaccine delivery

Immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virosomes possess several characteristics defining them as vaccine adjuvants. Virosomes have been shown to provide vaccine components with protection from extracellular degradation; a regular, repetitive antigen structure aiding presentation to B lymphocytes and fully functional, fusion-active, influenza haemagglutinin envelope proteins that enables receptor-mediated uptake and intracellular processing of the antigen. In addition, virosomes, as vaccine delivery systems, have been shown to be safe and not to engender any antibodies against the phospholipid components. Through the use of virosomes as a delivery vehicle, a number of vaccines have been developed. In humans, virosome-based vaccines containing inactivated hepatitis A and influenza antigens have been found to be efficacious and well-tolerated and have been on the market for several years. Hepatitis B, nucleic acids, cytotoxic drugs, and tetanus and diphtheria toxoids have also been incorporated into virosomes. Further investigations are ongoing in order to define the full potential of virosomes in both prophylactic and immunotherapeutic applications.

[1]  G. Gaedicke,et al.  Comparison of immunogenicity and tolerability of a virosome-adjuvanted and a split influenza vaccine in children , 2004, The Pediatric infectious disease journal.

[2]  H. Park,et al.  Leash in the groove mechanism of membrane fusion , 2003, Nature Structural Biology.

[3]  Charles J. Russell,et al.  Influenza virus hemagglutinin concentrates in lipid raft microdomains for efficient viral fusion , 2003, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[4]  P. Roy,et al.  Virus-like particles as immunogens. , 2003, Trends in microbiology.

[5]  Markus S. Mueller,et al.  Induction of Parasite Growth-Inhibitory Antibodies by a Virosomal Formulation of a Peptidomimetic of Loop I from Domain III of Plasmodium falciparum Apical Membrane Antigen 1 , 2003, Infection and Immunity.

[6]  A. Mittal,et al.  Architecture of the influenza hemagglutinin membrane fusion site. , 2003, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[7]  Qiang Huang,et al.  Early steps of the conformational change of influenza virus hemagglutinin to a fusion active state: stability and energetics of the hemagglutinin. , 2003, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[8]  John A. Robinson,et al.  A virosome-mimotope approach to synthetic vaccine design and optimization: synthesis, conformation, and immune recognition of a potential malaria-vaccine candidate. , 2003, Angewandte Chemie.

[9]  J. Viret,et al.  Virosomal adjuvanted antigen delivery systems , 2003, Expert review of vaccines.

[10]  T. Lazaridis,et al.  Investigation of pathways for the low-pH conformational transition in influenza hemagglutinin. , 2003, Biophysical journal.

[11]  R. Zurbriggen Immunostimulating reconstituted influenza virosomes. , 2003, Vaccine.

[12]  J. Wilschut,et al.  Influenza virosomes: combining optimal presentation of hemagglutinin with immunopotentiating activity. , 2003, Vaccine.

[13]  R. Mischler,et al.  Inflexal V a trivalent virosome subunit influenza vaccine: production. , 2002, Vaccine.

[14]  R Glück,et al.  New technology platforms in the development of vaccines for the future. , 2002, Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita.

[15]  R. Glück,et al.  Influenza virosomes are an efficient delivery system for respiratory syncytial virus-F antigen inducing humoral and cell-mediated immunity. , 2002, Vaccine.

[16]  J. Wilschut,et al.  Virosome-mediated delivery of protein antigens to dendritic cells. , 2002, Vaccine.

[17]  J. Wilschut,et al.  Delivery of Protein Antigens to the Immune System by Fusion-Active Virosomes: A Comparison with Liposomes and ISCOMs , 2002, Bioscience reports.

[18]  B. Rothen‐Rutishauser,et al.  Targeting her-2/neu with antirat Neu virosomes for cancer therapy. , 2002, Cancer research.

[19]  J. Wilschut,et al.  VIROSOMES IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: INDUCTION OF CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVITY WITH VIROSOME-ENCAPSULATED PROTEIN ANTIGENS , 2002, Journal of liposome research.

[20]  D. Crommelin,et al.  Targeting influenza virosomes to ovarian carcinoma cells , 2001, FEBS letters.

[21]  M. Sabatino,et al.  Tumour-associated antigen (TAA)-specific cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response in vitro and in a mouse model, induced by TAA-plasmids delivered by influenza virosomes. , 2001, European journal of cancer.

[22]  M. L. Mackichan,et al.  Recent developments in adjuvants for vaccines against infectious diseases. , 2001, Biomolecular engineering.

[23]  A. Mittal,et al.  Comprehensive kinetic analysis of influenza hemagglutinin-mediated membrane fusion: role of sialate binding. , 2001, Biophysical journal.

[24]  Lukas K. Tamm,et al.  Membrane structure and fusion-triggering conformational change of the fusion domain from influenza hemagglutinin , 2001, Nature Structural Biology.

[25]  M. Zambon,et al.  The pathogenesis of influenza in humans , 2001, Reviews in medical virology.

[26]  M. Tsuji,et al.  Progress toward a Malaria Vaccine: Efficient Induction of Protective Anti-Malaria Immunity , 2001, Biological chemistry.

[27]  John A. Robinson,et al.  Exploiting Conformationally Constrained Peptidomimetics and an Efficient Human‐Compatible Delivery System in Synthetic Vaccine Design , 2001, Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology.

[28]  V E Schijns,et al.  Immunological concepts of vaccine adjuvant activity. , 2000, Current opinion in immunology.

[29]  J. Skehel,et al.  Receptor binding and membrane fusion in virus entry: the influenza hemagglutinin. , 2000, Annual review of biochemistry.

[30]  J. Wilschut,et al.  Role of Hemagglutinin Surface Density in the Initial Stages of Influenza Virus Fusion: Lack of Evidence for Cooperativity , 2000, Journal of Virology.

[31]  J. Wilschut,et al.  Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity by fusion-active peptide-containing virosomes. , 2000, Vaccine.

[32]  A. Seelig,et al.  IRIV-adjuvanted hepatitis A vaccine: in vivo absorption and biophysical characterization. , 2000, Progress in lipid research.

[33]  Robinson,et al.  Use of reconstituted influenza virus virosomes as an immunopotentiating delivery system for a peptide‐based vaccine , 1999, Clinical and experimental immunology.

[34]  R. Glück,et al.  Immunogenicity of IRIV- versus alum-adjuvanted diphtheria and tetanus toxoid vaccines in influenza primed mice. , 1999, Vaccine.

[35]  T. D. de Gruijl,et al.  Dendritic cells: a novel therapeutic modality. , 1999, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[36]  J. Skehel,et al.  Coiled Coils in Both Intracellular Vesicle and Viral Membrane Fusion , 1998, Cell.

[37]  E. Waelti,et al.  Delivery to cancer cells of antisense L‐ myc oligonucleotides incorporated in fusogenic, cationic‐lipid‐reconstituted influenza‐virus envelopes (cationic virosomes) , 1998, International journal of cancer.

[38]  M Kundi,et al.  Estimated persistence of anti-HAV antibodies after single dose and booster hepatitis A vaccination (0-6 schedule). , 1998, Acta tropica.

[39]  S. Cryz,et al.  Immunogenicity of trivalent subunit versus virosome-formulated influenza vaccines in geriatric patients. , 1997, Vaccine.

[40]  R. Zinkernagel,et al.  Role of Repetitive Antigen Patterns for Induction of Antibodies Against Antibodies , 1997, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[41]  T. Wolfsberg,et al.  Virus-cell and cell-cell fusion. , 1996, Annual review of cell and developmental biology.

[42]  S. Cryz,et al.  A virosome vaccine antigen delivery system does not stimulate an antiphospholipid antibody response in humans. , 1996, Vaccine.

[43]  J. Wilschut,et al.  Fusion of reconstituted influenza virus envelopes with liposomes mediated by streptavidin/biotin interactions , 1996, FEBS letters.

[44]  M. Egger,et al.  Immunogenicity and adverse effects of inactivated virosome versus alum-adsorbed hepatitis A vaccine: a randomized controlled trial. , 1996, Vaccine.

[45]  T. Vorherr,et al.  H+-induced Membrane Insertion of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Involves the HA2 Amino-terminal Fusion Peptide but Not the Coiled Coil Region* , 1996, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[46]  R. Zinkernagel,et al.  T helper cell‐independent neutralizing B cell response against vesicular stomatitis virus: Role of antigen patterns in B cell induction? , 1995, European journal of immunology.

[47]  K. Mignon-Godefroy,et al.  B cell superstimulatory influenza virus activates peritoneal B cells. , 1995, Journal of immunology.

[48]  M. Sémichon,et al.  B cell superstimulatory influenza virus (H2-subtype) induces B cell proliferation by a PKC-activating, Ca(2+)-independent mechanism. , 1995, Journal of immunology.

[49]  J. Banchereau,et al.  Recent advances in the study of dendritic cells and follicular dendritic cells. , 1995, Immunology today.

[50]  R. Glück,et al.  Virosomes as carriers for combined vaccines. , 1995, Vaccine.

[51]  J. Skehel,et al.  Structure of influenza haemagglutinin at the pH of membrane fusion , 1994, Nature.

[52]  S. Cryz,et al.  Immunogenicity of new virosome influenza vaccine in elderly people , 1994, The Lancet.

[53]  G. Semenza,et al.  Evidence for H(+)-induced insertion of influenza hemagglutinin HA2 N-terminal segment into viral membrane. , 1994, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[54]  S. Cryz,et al.  Immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virus virosome vaccine delivery system for immunization against hepatitis A. , 1992, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[55]  Myron M. Levine,et al.  Safety and immunogenicity in man of a synthetic peptide malaria vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites , 1987, Nature.

[56]  R. Porter,et al.  Synthetic peptides as antigens. , 1986, Ciba Foundation symposium.

[57]  I. Wilson,et al.  Structure of the haemagglutinin membrane glycoprotein of influenza virus at 3 Å resolution , 1981, Nature.

[58]  R. Phipps,et al.  The Maintenance and Regulation of the Humoral Immune Response: Persisting Antigen and the Role of Follicular Antigen‐Binding Dendritic Cells as Accessory Cells , 1980, Immunological reviews.