How virtual reality can help visualise and assess geohazards

ABSTRACT Geohazard research requires extensive spatiotemporal understanding based on an adequate multi-scale representation of modelling results. The most commonly applied representation basis for collected data is still the one of a 2D plane, typically a map. Digital maps of spatial data can be visualised and processed by using Geographic Information Systems. It is far less common to use 3D geomodels for the analysis and visualisation of spatial data. For the visualisation of both spatial and temporal hazard components, there are no standardised tools. We claim that a full geohazard assessment is only possible inside a new type of geoscientific and technological environment that is at the same time multi-dimensional, spatiotemporal, integrated, fully interactive (tele-)immersive, and collaborative. Surface and subsurface processes are interacting at various scales that are difficult to be overviewed at once. Virtual Reality (VR) technology could provide an attractive solution to overcome the multi-dimensional and spatiotemporal obstacles. The review of geoscientific applications using VR technology developed by multiple teams around the world shows that some solutions have already been developed many years ago, but widespread use was not possible. This is clearly changing now and soon we will see if VR can contribute to a better understanding of geo-processes.