Technology as a Tutor, Tool, and Agent for Reading

The use of computer-based technology in teaching reading with students with disabilities is outlined in this article. Research from the last 10 years is presented and discussed using the metaphors of Tutor, Tool, and Agent as categories of instructional purpose. Although the new multimedia technologies now dominate much of the discussion and investigation concerning technology and reading instruction, drill and practice and tutorial computer assisted instructional programs are the most thoroughly researched area of computer use in reading and provide most of the substantive data that is supportive of computer use for students in special education.

[1]  Ernest Balajthy,et al.  An investigation of learner‐control variables in vocabulary learning using traditional instruction and two forms of computer‐based instruction , 1988 .

[2]  J K Torgesen,et al.  Priorities for the use of Microcomputers with Learning Disabled Children , 1983, Journal of learning disabilities.

[3]  John Woodward,et al.  Direct Instruction Research , 1987 .

[4]  David M. Podell,et al.  The Effects of CAI on Word Recognition in Mildly Mentally Handicapped and Nonhandicapped Learners , 1991 .

[5]  S R Goldman,et al.  Information Processing and Educational Microcomputer Technology , 1987, Journal of learning disabilities.

[6]  David Reinking,et al.  Computer-Mediated Text and Comprehension Differences: The Role of Reading Time, Reader Preference, and Estimation of Learning. , 1988 .

[7]  Herbert J. Walberg,et al.  Computers and Achievement in the Elementary Schools , 1985 .

[8]  Gail McGregor,et al.  Increasing Instructional Efficiency: A Comparison of Voice Plus Text vs. Text Alone on the Error Rate of Students with Mild Disabilities during CAI , 1990 .

[9]  Maria Collins,et al.  Applying Instructional Design Principles to CAI for Mildly Handicapped Students: Four Recently Conducted Studies , 1986 .

[10]  Kyle Higgins,et al.  Hypermedia CAI: A Supplement to an Elementary School Basal Reader Program , 1991 .

[11]  Steven F. Roth,et al.  Theoretical and Instructional Implications of the Assessment of Two Microcomputer Word Recognition Programs. , 1987 .

[12]  Karen Sparck Jones,et al.  Using Computer Guided Practice to Increase Decoding Fluency in Learning Disabled Children: A Study Using the Hint and Hunt I Program , 1987, Journal of learning disabilities.

[13]  B. Davey,et al.  Effects of Computer-Presented Text on LD Adolescents' Reading Behaviors , 1987 .

[14]  William Robert Weber,et al.  A computer-based program of word study: effects on reading and spelling , 1988 .

[15]  Clifton A. Casteel Effects of Chunked Reading among Learning Disabled Students: An Experimental Comparison of Computer and Traditional Chunked Passages , 1988 .

[16]  Ruth Garner,et al.  Children's Control of Computer-Based Reading Assistance in Answering Synthesis Questions. , 1989 .

[17]  Robert E. Slavin,et al.  Reading Effects of IBM’s “Writing to Read” Program: A Review of Evaluations , 1991 .

[18]  Randall B. Boone,et al.  Hypertext Computer Study Guides and the Social Studies Achievement of Students with Learning Disabilities, Remedial Students, and Regular Education Students , 1990, Journal of learning disabilities.

[19]  David Reinking,et al.  The Effects of Computer-Mediated Text on Measures of Reading Comprehension and Reading Behavior , 1985 .

[20]  Joseph K. Torgesen,et al.  Improving Sight-Word Recognition Skills in LD Children: An Evaluation of Three Computer Program Variations , 1988 .

[21]  D. Carnine,et al.  Effects of instructional Design Variables on Vocabulary Acquisition of LD Students , 1987, Journal of learning disabilities.

[22]  Richard K. Olson,et al.  Reading instruction and remediation with the aid of computer speech , 1986 .

[23]  Raymond M. Klein,et al.  Computer-Assisted Reading , 1992 .

[24]  Laura I. Goin,et al.  Making Knowledge Meaningful: Applications of Hypermedia , 1989 .