Can temporal analysis of optical coherence tomography statistics report on dextrorotatory-glucose levels in blood?

We report the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for measuring dextrorotatory-glucose (D-glucose) in liquid phantoms and in drawn blood based on temporal dynamics of light scattering. The presence of D-glucose alters the medium viscosity, thus affecting the Brownian motion of the scatterers (polystyrene microspheres (PMS) in phantoms, red blood cells (RBCs) in blood) as measured by OCT. To quantify the effect, the signal autocorrelation functions were measured from M-mode OCT data and exponentially fit to obtain the decorrelation times. These were then related to translational (and rotational, in case of asymmetric scatterers) diffusion coefficients which enabled the determination of D-glucose-controlled medium viscosity. Obtained viscosily values agreed well with the literature, and showed expected increase with D-glucose concentrations. Whole blood smears were imaged with microscope and another effect of added glucose, that of red blood cell deformation, was also observed. This phantom and blood OCT study demonstrates the technique’s ability to detect and quantify D-glucose presence in non-flowing liquid suspensions, and suggests several additional research routes necessary to determine its potential for in vivo applications.

[1]  L. Longo,et al.  Non surgical laser and light in the treatment of chronic diseases: a review based on personal experiences , 2010 .

[2]  Dingqun Bai,et al.  Apoptosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells induced by LED-activated pheophorbide a , 2011 .

[3]  Adrian Mariampillai,et al.  Optimized speckle variance OCT imaging of microvasculature. , 2010, Optics letters.

[4]  Inga Cicenaite,et al.  Effect on blood glucose monitoring of skin pressure exerted by an optical coherence tomography probe. , 2008, Journal of biomedical optics.

[5]  Igor Meglinski,et al.  Turbulence monitoring with Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography , 2007 .

[6]  L Xu,et al.  Refractive index measurement for biomaterial samples by total internal reflection , 2006, Physics in medicine and biology.

[7]  M. Y. Hamza,et al.  Optical properties of normal and thermally coagulated chicken liver tissue measured ex-vivo with diffuse reflectance , 2011 .

[9]  M. Brezinski.  Optical Coherence Tomography: Principles and Applications , 2006 .

[10]  S Chien,et al.  Mechanics of Rouleau formation. , 1981, Biophysical journal.

[11]  Huajiang Wei,et al.  Quantification of glycerol diffusion in human normal and cancer breast tissues in vitro with optical coherence tomography , 2010 .

[12]  Katsuhiko Kuwa,et al.  Noninvasive measurement of glucose by metabolic heat conformation method. , 2004, Clinical chemistry.

[13]  Adrian Mariampillai,et al.  Speckle variance detection of microvasculature using swept-source optical coherence tomography. , 2008, Optics letters.

[14]  N. A. Dobrovol'skii,et al.  A blood viscosity analyzer , 1997, Meditsinskaia tekhnika.

[15]  Peizhuan Chen,et al.  Detecting viability transitions of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by Raman micro-spectroscopy , 2010 .

[16]  C. Kurachi,et al.  Femtosecond light distribution at skin and liver of rats: analysis for use in optical diagnostics , 2010 .

[17]  M S Feld,et al.  Path-length-resolved dynamic light scattering: modeling the transition from single to diffusive scattering. , 2001, Applied optics.

[18]  Huajiang Wei,et al.  Enhancement of permeability of glycerol with ultrasound in human normal and cancer breast tissues in vitro using optical coherence tomography , 2010 .

[19]  S. Yedgar,et al.  Red blood cell rouleaux formation in dextran solution: dependence on polymer conformation , 1998, European Biophysics Journal.

[20]  K. Larin,et al.  Development of phase-stabilized swept-source OCT for the ultrasensitive quantification of microbubbles , 2008 .

[21]  Sergey G. Proskurin,et al.  Optical coherence tomography imaging depth enhancement by superficial skin optical clearing , 2007 .

[22]  A. N. Dhinaa,et al.  Z-scan technique as a tool for the measurement of blood glucose , 2008 .

[23]  Huajiang Wei,et al.  Quantifying glucose permeability and enhanced light penetration in ex vivo human normal and cancerous esophagus tissues with optical coherence tomography , 2010 .

[24]  J. Fujimoto,et al.  Optical Coherence Tomography , 1991 .

[25]  A. Pries,et al.  Two-Dimensional Simulation of Red Blood Cell Deformation and Lateral Migration in Microvessels , 2007, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

[26]  Eun-Hyung Yoo,et al.  Glucose Biosensors: An Overview of Use in Clinical Practice , 2010, Sensors.

[27]  L. V. Seleznev,et al.  In vitro femtosecond laser subsurface micro-disruption inside human cornea and pre-cleared sclera , 2010 .

[28]  Muhammad Atif,et al.  Catheters for optical coherence tomography , 2011 .

[29]  B. Berne,et al.  Dynamic Light Scattering: With Applications to Chemistry, Biology, and Physics , 1976 .

[30]  J. Telis‐Romero,et al.  Viscosity of Aqueous Carbohydrate Solutions at Different Temperatures and Concentrations , 2007 .

[31]  David A. Boas,et al.  PATH-LENGTH-RESOLVED DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING IN HIGHLY SCATTERING RANDOM MEDIA : THE TRANSITION TO DIFFUSING WAVE SPECTROSCOPY , 1998 .

[32]  R. Esenaliev,et al.  Noninvasive blood glucose monitoring with optical coherence tomography: a pilot study in human subjects. , 2002, Diabetes care.

[33]  S. Emelianov,et al.  Assessment of wave propagation on surfaces of crystalline lens with phase sensitive optical coherence tomography , 2011 .

[34]  Igor Meglinski,et al.  Application of optical coherence tomography for imaging of scaffold structure and micro-flows characterization , 2008 .

[35]  Kirill V. Larin,et al.  Quantification of molecular diffusion in arterial tissues with optical coherence tomography and fluorescence microscopy , 2009 .

[36]  Valery V. Tuchin,et al.  Monitoring of blood proteins glycation by refractive index and spectral measurements , 2008 .

[37]  H. Meiselman,et al.  Effects of dextran molecular weight on red blood cell aggregation. , 2008, Biophysical journal.

[38]  S. Xie,et al.  In vivo quantification of propylene glycol, glucose and glycerol diffusion in human skin with optical coherence tomography , 2010 .

[39]  A. Gomes,et al.  Determination of dental decay rates with optical coherence tomography , 2009 .

[40]  D. Lim,et al.  Effect of dextran on rheological properties of rat blood , 2009 .

[41]  R. Esenaliev,et al.  Noninvasive monitoring of glucose concentration with optical coherence tomography , 2001 .

[42]  Kirill V. Larin,et al.  Speckle variance OCT imaging of the vasculature in live mammalian embryos , 2011 .

[43]  A. Chorvatova,et al.  Multi-wavelength fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy: a new approach to the study of endogenous fluorescence in living cells and tissues , 2009 .

[44]  Risto Myllylä,et al.  Detecting glucose-induced changes in in vitro and in vivo experiments with optical coherence tomography. , 2008, Journal of biomedical optics.

[45]  Adrian Mariampillai,et al.  Development of a High Resolution Microvascular Imaging Toolkit for Optical Coherence Tomography , 2011 .