Sparse nested array with aperture extension for high accuracy angle estimation

Abstract Sparse nested arrays (SNAs) are presented for highly accurate angle estimation. A nested array is sparse if its sensor-spacing of the first level is extended beyond a half-wavelength. Each array grid is equipped with an identical two-component subarray, such as a half-wavelength spaced doublet, a spatially-colocated p-u probe and a spatially-orthogonal dipole/loop pair, to solve angle ambiguities caused by aperture extension.