Biomaterial-centered sepsis and the total artificial heart. Microbial adhesion vs tissue integration.

The principal barrier to the extended use of the total artificial heart is infection that is centered on the biomaterial constituting the prosthetic device and exacerbated by the surrounding damaged tissue. Ultrastructural studies of total artificial hearts removed from two patients indicate a failure of true tissue integration and diffuse, adhesive bacterial colonization of biomaterial surfaces. Biomaterials are, in part, susceptible to infection because, at the present state of the art, they are usually not well integrated with host tissue or, if hemodynamic, not optimally biocompatible or antiadhesive.

[1]  J. Smilack.  Infections Associated With Prosthetic Devices , 1985 .

[2]  S. Hammer,et al.  Staphylococcus epidermidis infections. , 1983, Annals of internal medicine.

[3]  G. Stern,et al.  The interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the corneal epithelium. An electron microscopic study. , 1985, Archives of ophthalmology.

[4]  G. Christensen,et al.  Adhesion of Bacteria to Animal Tissues Complex Mechanisms , 1985 .

[5]  A. Gristina,et al.  An in vitro study of bacterial response to inert and reactive metals and to methyl methacrylate. , 1976, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[6]  J. Sixma,et al.  Subendothelial Proteins and Platelet Adhesion: von Willebrand Factor and Fibronectin, Not Thrombospondin, Are involved in Platelet Adhesion to Extracellular Matrix of Human Vascular Endothelial Cells , 1986, Arteriosclerosis.

[7]  U. Ryan,et al.  The pulmonary endothelial surface. , 1985, Federation proceedings.

[8]  H. Rønningen,et al.  Comparison of ceramic and titanium implants in cats. , 1985, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[9]  Q. Myrvik,et al.  Extended-wear lenses, biofilm, and bacterial adhesion. , 1987, Archives of ophthalmology.

[10]  R. Baltimore,et al.  Immunologic investigations of mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: comparison of susceptibility to opsonic antibody in mucoid and nonmucoid strains. , 1980, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[11]  J. Costerton,et al.  Bacterial adherence and the glycocalyx and their role in musculoskeletal infection , 1984, The Orthopedic clinics of North America.

[12]  M. Fletcher.  Adherence of Marine Micro-organisms to Smooth Surfaces , 1980 .

[13]  L. Joyce,et al.  Infectious complications in four long-term recipients of the Jarvik-7 artificial heart. , 1988, JAMA.

[14]  A. Bisno,et al.  Adherence of slime-producing strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis to smooth surfaces , 1982, Infection and immunity.

[15]  A. Gristina,et al.  Adherent bacterial colonization in the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis. , 1985, Science.

[16]  B. Kasemo,et al.  Surface science aspects on inorganic biomaterials , 1986 .

[17]  H. Bjornson,et al.  Increased resistance to bacteremic graft infection after endothelial cell seeding. , 1987, Journal of vascular surgery.

[18]  G. Nicolson,et al.  Identification, localization, and role of fibronectin in cultured bovine endothelial cells. , 1978, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[19]  C. Kunin,et al.  Postmortem microbiological findings of two total artificial heart recipients. , 1988, JAMA.

[20]  R. Proctor,et al.  Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells: model for postadherence events in endovascular infections , 1986, Infection and immunity.

[21]  E. Beachey,et al.  Bacterial adherence: adhesin-receptor interactions mediating the attachment of bacteria to mucosal surface. , 1981, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[22]  J. Feijen,et al.  BIOMEDICAL POLYMERS - BACTERIAL ADHESION, COLONIZATION, AND INFECTION , 1986 .