Development of an international chemical measurement system—Plenary lecture

Systems are required to ensure that analyses carried out in different laboratories are comparable, and as the requirements become more stringent the task becomes more difficult. We already have many of the components of an international system, there are, however, gaps and there is no adequate overall framework to facilitate collaboration. This paper reviews some of the driving forces that will shape future requirements and proposes an outline system covering both conceptual issues and the organizational infrastructure. The following underpinning concepts and requirements are discussed: clearly defined targets in the form of requirement specifications; knowledge of trueness or measurement uncertainty; provision of traceability through an unbroken chain of calibration to primary standards; and the use of quality systems to provide transparency. Some of the key organizations operating at the UK, European and international levels are considered in terms of their contribution to learned and professional activities, metrology, the provision of a quality focus, accreditation and the production of standards. The main new requirements are: an international organization to act as a focus for analytical quality and more strategic planning of collaborative work programmes.