Co-simulating complex energy harvesting WSN applications: an in-tunnel wind powered monitoring example

A complex wind-energy harvesting wireless sensor network WSN application for subway tunnels is pre-prototyped using the HarvWSNet co-simulation framework. Detailed models of every component, including energy harvester, tunnel propagation channel, train mobility, node power consumption, and physical layer PHY, medium access control MAC, routing and power aware protocols are described. Pre-prototyping simulations quickly identify the key parameters affecting the viability of the application e.g., harvested energy, train-induced signal attenuation. Thanks to its native capacity to handle detailed charge flow models, HarvWSNet can address scenarios with complex and intermittent energy supplies. This work demonstrates how co-simulation platforms such as HarvWSNet can aid in the development and future success of energy harvesting WSN applications.