Day-to-night time differences in the relationship between cardiorespiratory coordination and heart rate variability

Heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiorespiratory coordination, i.e. the temporal interplay between oscillations of heartbeat and respiration, reflect information related to the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spectral measures of HRV and measures of cardiorespiratory coordination. In 127 subjects from a normal population a 24 h Holter ECG was recorded. Average heart rate (HR) and the following HRV parameters were calculated: very low (VLF), low (LF) and high frequency (HF) oscillations and LF/HF. Cardiorespiratory coordination was quantified using average respiratory rate (RespR), the ratio of heart rate and respiratory rate (HRR), the phase coordination ratio (PCR) and the extent of cardiorespiratory coordination (PP). Pearson's correlation coefficient r was used to quantify the relationship between each pair of the variables across all subjects. HR and HRR correlated strongest during daytime (r = 0.89). LF/HF and PP showed a negative correlation to a reasonable degree (r = -0.69). During nighttime sleep these correlations decreased whereas the correlation between HRR and RespR (r = -0.47) as well as between HRR and PCR (r = 0.73) increased substantially. In conclusion, HRR and PCR deliver considerably different information compared to HRV measures whereas PP is partially linked reciprocally to LF/HF.

[1]  Peter Van Leeuwen,et al.  Comparison of two different approaches in the detection of intermittent cardiorespiratory coordination during night sleep , 2002, BMC Physiology.

[2]  H. Nagaraja,et al.  Heart rate variability: origins, methods, and interpretive caveats. , 1997, Psychophysiology.

[3]  G Hildebrandt,et al.  Reactive modifications of the autonomous time structure in the human organism. , 1991, Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society.

[4]  J. Kurths,et al.  Heartbeat synchronized with ventilation , 1998, Nature.

[5]  G. Hildebrandt.  The Autonomous Time Structure and Its Reactive Modifications in the Human Organism , 1987 .

[6]  U. Zwiener,et al.  Relative and intermittent cardiorespiratory coordination , 1997, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine.

[7]  G D Pinna,et al.  Abnormal awake respiratory patterns are common in chronic heart failure and may prevent evaluation of autonomic tone by measures of heart rate variability. , 1997, Circulation.

[8]  G. Breithardt,et al.  Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. , 1996 .

[9]  Silke Lange,et al.  A quantitative comparison of different methods to detect cardiorespiratory coordination during night-time sleep , 2004, Biomedical engineering online.

[10]  F. Wilhelm,et al.  Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, cardiac vagal control, and daily activity. , 2004, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.

[11]  H H Abel,et al.  Synchronization in the human cardiorespiratory system. , 1998, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics.

[12]  Peter Van Leeuwen,et al.  Detecting cardiorespiratory Coordination by Respiratory Pattern Analysis of Heart Period Dynamics - the Musical rhythm Approach , 2000, Int. J. Bifurc. Chaos.

[13]  G. Hildebrandt,et al.  Die koordination von puls- und atemrhythmus bei arbeit , 1965, Internationale Zeitschrift für angewandte Physiologie einschließlich Arbeitsphysiologie.

[14]  U Leder,et al.  [Cardiorespiratory desynchronization after acute myocardial infarct]. , 2000, Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie.

[15]  G. Moody,et al.  Clinical Validation of the ECG-Derived Respiration (EDR) Technique , 2008 .

[16]  J. Haueisen,et al.  Kardiorespiratorische Desynchronisation nach akutem Myokardinfarkt , 2000, Zeitschrift für Kardiologie.

[17]  T Kobayashi,et al.  Augmented very low frequency component of heart rate variability during obstructive sleep apnea. , 1996, Sleep.

[18]  S. Havlin,et al.  Experimental evidence for phase synchronization transitions in the human cardiorespiratory system. , 2007, Physical review letters.

[19]  G. Parati,et al.  Spectral analysis of blood pressure and heart rate variability in evaluating cardiovascular regulation. A critical appraisal. , 1995, Hypertension.

[20]  D. Cysarz,et al.  Comparison of Respiratory Rates Derived from Heart Rate Variability, ECG Amplitude, and Nasal/Oral Airflow , 2008, Annals of Biomedical Engineering.

[21]  Dirk Hoyer,et al.  Mutual information and phase dependencies: measures of reduced nonlinear cardiorespiratory interactions after myocardial infarction. , 2002, Medical engineering & physics.

[22]  R Lazzara,et al.  Heart rate variability during specific sleep stages. A comparison of healthy subjects with patients after myocardial infarction. , 1995, Circulation.

[23]  J. Kamiya,et al.  Effect of aging on sleep-related changes in respiratory variables. , 1987, Sleep.

[24]  George B. Moody,et al.  Derivation of Respiratory Signals from Multi-lead ECGs , 2008 .

[25]  S Akselrod,et al.  Does synchronization reflect a true interaction in the cardiorespiratory system? , 2002, Medical engineering & physics.

[26]  Ben-Zion Bobrovsky,et al.  A common origin of the very low frequency heart rate and blood pressure variability—a new insight into an old debate , 2002, Autonomic Neuroscience.

[27]  J. Kurths,et al.  Nonlinear analysis of complex phenomena in cardiological data , 2000, Herzschrittmachertherapie und Elektrophysiologie.