Optimal Server Allocation and Frequency Modulation on Multi-Core Based Server Clusters

Multi-core processing has been widely used in high-performance computing systems. Power reduction and energy conservation are important in these systems to minimize operating cost. Two main strategies exist for power management: Dynamic Voltage/Frequency Scaling DV/FS and server number controlling: Vary-On Vary-Off VOVF. In this paper, the authors explore the benefits of DV/FS and VOVF and apply them in a multi-core based server cluster. An optimization problem is formulated to get the optimal resource scheduling strategy given a parallel workload. The presented optimization model provides controllable and quantitative power consumption with theoretically guaranteed service performance. The authors further study the overhead of the proposed scheme and provide a Double Control Periods DCP method to compensate the transition overhead. The power optimization model is evaluated via extensive simulations. It is also justified by the real workload data trace. The results prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model.

[1]  Wolf-Dietrich Weber,et al.  Power provisioning for a warehouse-sized computer , 2007, ISCA '07.

[2]  Richard Rushforth,et al.  Gathering Under a Green Umbrella: Collaborative Rainwater Harvesting at the University of Arizona , 2010 .

[3]  Ricardo Bianchini,et al.  Conserving disk energy in network servers , 2003, ICS '03.

[4]  Hai Jin,et al.  Magnet: A novel scheduling policy for power reduction in cluster with virtual machines , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing.

[5]  San Murugesan,et al.  Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices , 2008, IT Professional.

[6]  Xiaorui Wang,et al.  Cluster-level feedback power control for performance optimization , 2008, 2008 IEEE 14th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture.

[7]  Kevin Skadron,et al.  Multi-mode energy management for multi-tier server clusters , 2008, 2008 International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques (PACT).

[8]  Amin Vahdat,et al.  Managing energy and server resources in hosting centers , 2001, SOSP.

[9]  A. Punitha,et al.  Survey of Energy Efficient and Contention Based MAC Protocol in WBAN for Medical and Consumer Supply Chain Application , 2012, Int. J. Green Comput..

[10]  Anand Sivasubramaniam,et al.  Managing server energy and operational costs in hosting centers , 2005, SIGMETRICS '05.

[11]  Adit Ranadive,et al.  Active CoordinaTion (ACT) - toward effectively managing virtualized multicore clouds , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing.

[12]  Xiaobo Zhou,et al.  An adaptive process allocation strategy for proportional responsiveness differentiation on Web servers , 2004 .

[13]  Mitsuhisa Sato,et al.  Power management of distributed web savers by controlling server power state and traffic prediction for QoS , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing.

[14]  E. N. Elnozahy,et al.  Energy-Efficient Server Clusters , 2002, PACS.

[15]  Matti Tedre,et al.  Integrating environmental issues in IT education in Tanzania , 2009, 2009 39th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference.

[16]  Raphael Guerra,et al.  Attaining soft real-time constraint and energy-efficiency in web servers , 2008, SAC '08.

[17]  Manish Parashar,et al.  Enabling autonomic power-aware management of instrumented data centers , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel & Distributed Processing.

[18]  Michael Kistler,et al.  The case for power management in web servers , 2002 .

[19]  O. Garcia,et al.  A DVS system based on the trade-off between energy savings and execution time , 2008, 2008 11th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics.

[20]  Mahmut T. Kandemir,et al.  DRPM: dynamic speed control for power management in server class disks , 2003, 30th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture, 2003. Proceedings..

[21]  Sergiu Nedevschi,et al.  Reducing Network Energy Consumption via Sleeping and Rate-Adaptation , 2008, NSDI.

[22]  Rami G. Melhem,et al.  Corollaries to Amdahl's Law for Energy , 2008, IEEE Computer Architecture Letters.

[23]  Xiaobo Zhou,et al.  Two-tier resource allocation for slowdown differentiation on server clusters , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Parallel Processing (ICPP'05).

[24]  Zongwei Luo,et al.  Green Finance and Sustainability: Environmentally-Aware Business Models and Technologies , 2011 .

[25]  Juan Pablo Soto Zuluaga,et al.  Green Logistics: Global Practices and their Implementation in Emerging Markets , 2011 .

[26]  Bu-Sung Lee,et al.  Optimal Power Management for Server Farm to Support Green Computing , 2009, 2009 9th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid.

[27]  Kevin Skadron,et al.  Power-aware QoS management in Web servers , 2003, RTSS 2003. 24th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, 2003.

[28]  Rong Ge,et al.  Modeling and evaluating energy-performance efficiency of parallel processing on multicore based power aware systems , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel & Distributed Processing.

[29]  Cheng-Zhong Xu,et al.  Harmonic proportional bandwidth allocation and scheduling for service differentiation on streaming servers , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.

[30]  Minseok Song.  Energy-aware data prefetching for multi-speed disks in video servers , 2007, ACM Multimedia.

[31]  Jeffrey S. Chase,et al.  Balance of power: dynamic thermal management for Internet data centers , 2005, IEEE Internet Computing.

[32]  Zheng Xin-ying.  Card and board games and event game theory , 2007 .

[33]  Mor Harchol-Balter,et al.  Optimal power allocation in server farms , 2009, SIGMETRICS '09.

[34]  Ricardo Bianchini,et al.  Dynamic cluster reconfiguration for power and performance , 2003 .

[35]  Sushil,et al.  Strategic Management of Innovation Focusing on Confluence of Continuity and Change , 2011, Int. J. Green Comput..

[36]  Marco Tavanti,et al.  Responsible Management Education in Practice: The Principles and Processes for Educating Socially Responsible and World Engaged Leaders , 2012 .

[37]  Turek Rahoveanu Adrian,et al.  The Agritourism Potential of Aquaculture Farms in Romania , 2012 .

[38]  Sanjay Ranka,et al.  Using game theory for scheduling tasks on multi-core processors for simultaneous optimization of performance and energy , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing.

[39]  Parameswaran Ramanathan,et al.  Proportional differentiated services: delay differentiation and packet scheduling , 1999, SIGCOMM '99.