The Application of Optimal Foraging Theory to Feeding Behaviour in Fish

Studies of the composition of fish diets were first reported before the end of the last century (Forbes, 1888), and observations of feeding behaviour shortly afterwards (Triplett, 1901), but it was not until the 1940s that quantitative investigation of prey selection was made possible by the development of the first numerical index of electivity, the forage ratio (Hess & Schwartz, 1941). Much effort has since been devoted to the development of methods for quantifying electivity, including the well known index of Ivlev (1961). Lechowiez (1982) provides a critical review.

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