Congruency of gaze metrics in action, imagery and action observation

The aim of this paper is to provide a review of eye movements during action execution, action observation, and movement imagery. Furthermore, the paper highlights aspects of congruency in gaze metrics between these states. The implications of the imagery, observation, and action gaze congruency are discussed in terms of motor learning and rehabilitation. Future research directions are outlined in order to further the understanding of shared gaze metrics between overt and covert states. Suggestions are made for how researchers and practitioners can structure action observation and movement imagery interventions to maximize (re)learning.

[1]  Claire Calmels,et al.  A Neuroscientific Review of Imagery and Observation Use in Sport , 2008, Journal of motor behavior.

[2]  J. Causer,et al.  Active Vision during Action Execution, Observation and Imagery: Evidence for Shared Motor Representations , 2013, PloS one.

[3]  E. Thorndike.  Ideo-motor action. , 1913 .

[4]  T. Foulsham,et al.  Saliency and scan patterns in the inspection of real-world scenes: Eye movements during encoding and recognition , 2009 .

[5]  S. Kosslyn,et al.  Multimodal images in the brain , 2009 .

[6]  M. Jeannerod,et al.  Mental imaging of motor activity in humans , 1999, Current Opinion in Neurobiology.

[7]  Giovanni Ottoboni,et al.  Human gaze behaviour during action execution and observation. , 2008, Acta psychologica.

[8]  Digby Elliott,et al.  Ocular perturbations and retinal/extraretinal information: the coordination of saccadic and manual movements , 1999, Experimental Brain Research.

[9]  R. Byrne,et al.  Priming primates: Human and otherwise , 1998, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[10]  D. Rossi,et al.  Motor imagery effectiveness for mirror reversed movements , 2011, Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience.

[11]  C. Von Hofsten,et al.  Action type and goal type modulate goal-directed gaze shifts in 14-month-old infants. , 2009, Developmental psychology.

[12]  J. Decety,et al.  Functional anatomy of execution, mental simulation, observation, and verb generation of actions: A meta‐analysis , 2001, Human brain mapping.

[13]  J. Causer,et al.  Quiet eye training in a visuomotor control task. , 2011, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[14]  J. Causer,et al.  Eye gaze metrics reflect a shared motor representation for action observation and movement imagery , 2012, Brain and Cognition.

[15]  Josef Elidan,et al.  Imagination of body rotation can induce eye movements , 2004, Acta oto-laryngologica.

[16]  Scott T. Grafton,et al.  Role of the posterior parietal cortex in updating reaching movements to a visual target , 1999, Nature Neuroscience.

[17]  G. Rizzolatti,et al.  Motor facilitation during action observation: a magnetic stimulation study. , 1995, Journal of neurophysiology.

[18]  J. Baron,et al.  Motor Imagery: A Backdoor to the Motor System After Stroke? , 2006, Stroke.

[19]  C. Winstein,et al.  The Mirror Neuron System: A Neural Substrate for Methods in Stroke Rehabilitation , 2010, Neurorehabilitation and neural repair.

[20]  R. Johansson,et al.  Action plans used in action observation , 2003, Nature.

[21]  K. Gegenfurtner,et al.  Differences in fixations between grasping and viewing objects. , 2009, Journal of vision.

[22]  P. Holmes,et al.  The PETTLEP Approach to Motor Imagery: A Functional Equivalence Model for Sport Psychologists , 2001 .

[23]  R. Dickstein,et al.  Motor Imagery in Physical Therapist Practice , 2007, Physical Therapy.

[24]  G. Underwood,et al.  The potency of people in pictures: evidence from sequences of eye fixations. , 2010, Journal of vision.

[25]  Roland S Johansson,et al.  Eye movements when observing predictable and unpredictable actions. , 2006, Journal of neurophysiology.

[26]  R. Andersen,et al.  Multimodal representation of space in the posterior parietal cortex and its use in planning movements. , 1997, Annual review of neuroscience.

[27]  Heiner Deubel,et al.  Properties of attentional selection during the preparation of sequential saccades , 2007, Experimental Brain Research.

[28]  M. Costantini,et al.  Tie my hands, tie my eyes. , 2012, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[29]  J. Decety.  Do imagined and executed actions share the same neural substrate? , 1996, Brain research. Cognitive brain research.

[30]  W. Helsen,et al.  A century later: Woodworth's (1899) two-component model of goal-directed aiming. , 2001, Psychological bulletin.

[31]  D. Meyer,et al.  Eye-hand coordination: oculomotor control in rapid aimed limb movements. , 1990, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[32]  S. Liversedge,et al.  Saccadic eye movements and cognition , 2000, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[33]  S. Riek,et al.  Bimanual aiming and overt attention: one law for two hands , 2003, Experimental Brain Research.

[34]  P. Fitts.  The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement. , 1954, Journal of experimental psychology.

[35]  C. Hofsten,et al.  Infants predict other people's action goals , 2006, Nature Neuroscience.

[36]  D. Elliott,et al.  125 years of perceptual-motor skill research. , 2012, The American journal of psychology.

[37]  Alistair Knott,et al.  Eye Movements during Transitive Action Observation Have Sequential Structure , 2022 .

[38]  Bruno Laeng,et al.  Eye scanpaths during visual imagery reenact those of perception of the same visual scene , 2002, Cogn. Sci..

[39]  D. Hebb.  Concerning imagery. , 1968, Psychological review.

[40]  G. Rizzolatti,et al.  Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the understanding and imitation of action , 2001, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[41]  Peter Feys,et al.  Facilitation of motor imagery through movement-related cueing , 2009, Brain Research.

[42]  M. Jeannerod.  The representing brain: Neural correlates of motor intention and imagery , 1994, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[43]  Luciano Fadiga,et al.  The motor cortex is causally related to predictive eye movements during action observation , 2013, Neuropsychologia.

[44]  M. Costantini,et al.  Grasping with the eyes. , 2011, Journal of neurophysiology.

[45]  J B Poline,et al.  Partially overlapping neural networks for real and imagined hand movements. , 2000, Cerebral cortex.

[46]  M. Land,et al.  The Roles of Vision and Eye Movements in the Control of Activities of Daily Living , 1998, Perception.

[47]  Emma Gowen,et al.  Eye-hand interactions in tracing and drawing tasks. , 2006, Human movement science.

[48]  Dana Maslovat,et al.  Motor Learning Through Observation , 2010 .

[49]  M. Costantini,et al.  Out of your hand's reach, out of my eyes' reach , 2012, Quarterly journal of experimental psychology.

[50]  S. Page,et al.  Effects of mental practice on affected limb use and function in chronic stroke. , 2005, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[51]  A P Batista,et al.  Reach plans in eye-centered coordinates. , 1999, Science.

[52]  W. Helsen,et al.  Keeping an eye on imagery: the role of eye movements during motor imagery training , 2011, Neuroscience.

[53]  G. Humphreys,et al.  Don’t think twice, it's all right—contralesional dependency for bimanual prehension movements , 2005, Neuropsychologia.

[54]  C. Erkelens,et al.  Coordination of hand movements and saccades: evidence for a common and a separate pathway , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[55]  W. Prinz,et al.  Perceptual resonance: action-induced modulation of perception , 2007, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[56]  M. Goodale,et al.  Separate visual pathways for perception and action , 1992, Trends in Neurosciences.

[57]  A. Bandura.  Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory , 1985 .

[58]  S. Kosslyn.  Image and Brain: The Resolution of the Imagery Debate , 1994, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[59]  G. Rizzolatti,et al.  The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit: interpretations and misinterpretations , 2010, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[60]  Myra A. Fernandes,et al.  Divided attention and memory: evidence of substantial interference effects at retrieval and encoding. , 2000, Journal of experimental psychology. General.

[61]  N. Mackworth,et al.  Cognitive determinants of fixation location during picture viewing. , 1978, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[62]  M. Matarić,et al.  Fixation behavior in observation and imitation of human movement. , 1998, Brain research. Cognitive brain research.

[63]  Charalambos Papaxanthis,et al.  The influence of eye movements on the temporal features of executed and imagined arm movements , 2008, Brain Research.

[64]  C. Heyes.  Causes and consequences of imitation , 2001, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[65]  Richard A. Magill,et al.  Motor Learning. Concepts and Applications , 1998 .

[66]  Robert Sessions Woodworth,et al.  THE ACCURACY OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT , 1899 .