Formic acid oxidation at spontaneously deposited palladium on polyaniline modified carbon fibre paper

Abstract Extended reaction zone anodes for formic acid oxidation have been prepared by the spontaneous deposition of Pd on polyaniline coated carbon fibre paper. The PANI supports, deposited on carbon fibre paper either galvanostatically, potentiostatically, or potentiodynamically, were characterized by electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. Pd was deposited on them by spontaneous reduction of Pd(II) by the reduced form of the PANI in order to preserve the characteristics of each type of PANI layer. It was found that galvanostatically deposited PANI produced electrodes that were much more active for formic acid oxidation than PANI produced under potential control. The morphology and mean particle size of Pd was found to depend strongly on the way in which the PANI was prepared and also correlated with the resistance and capacitance of the PANI at low potentials. It is proposed that the electrochemical characteristics of the PANI play a significant role in determining the morphology, particle size, and electrocatalytic activity for formic acid oxidation of the spontaneously deposited Pd.

[1]  D. Hatchett,et al.  Reduction of PtCl62- and PtCl42- in polyaniline: Catalytic oxidation of methanol at morphologically different composites , 2006 .

[2]  E. Gyenge,et al.  Novel catalyst-support interaction for direct formic acid fuel cell anodes: Pd electrodeposition on surface-modified graphite felt , 2009 .

[3]  C. Lamy,et al.  Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on platinum dispersed in polyaniline conducting polymers , 1989 .

[4]  P. Pickup,et al.  CHARACTERIZATION OF IONIC CONDUCTIVITY PROFILES WITHIN PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL GAS DIFFUSION ELECTRODES BY IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY , 1999 .

[5]  M. Balasubramanian,et al.  Oxygen Reduction on Supported Platinum/Polythiophene Electrocatalysts , 2001 .

[6]  O. Vyvenko,et al.  Synthesis and structure of poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene film with the inclusions of palladium nanoparticles , 2010 .

[7]  B. Popov,et al.  Development of conducting polypyrrole as corrosion-resistant catalyst support for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) application , 2009 .

[8]  A. Kitani,et al.  Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on platinum modified polyaniline electrodes , 2001 .

[9]  J. Grimshaw,et al.  Poly(pyrrole) as a support for electrocatalytic materials , 1991 .

[10]  A. Malinauskas.  Electrocatalysis at conducting polymers , 1999 .

[11]  A. Mourato,et al.  Polyaniline films containing electrolessly precipitated palladium , 2004 .

[12]  Suxiang Wu,et al.  Electrocatalytic behavior of Pt-modified polyaniline electrode for methanol oxidation: Effect of Pt deposition modes , 2005 .

[13]  Jingkun Xu,et al.  High efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on Pt/polyindoles composite catalysts , 2010 .

[14]  P. Pickup,et al.  Simulation and analysis of the impedance behaviour of electroactive layers with non-uniform conductivity and capacitance profiles , 2001 .

[15]  H. Gharibi,et al.  Platinum Nanoparticles Supported by a Vulcan XC-72 and PANI Doped with Trifluoromethane Sulfonic Acid Substrate As a New Electrocatalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells , 2010 .

[16]  E. Gyenge,et al.  Efficient Anodes for Direct Methanol and Formic Acid Fuel Cells: the Synergy Between Catalyst and Three-Dimensional Support , 2008 .

[17]  Yiting Xu,et al.  Fabrication of Pt nanoparticles decorated PPy-MWNTs composites and their electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation , 2010 .

[18]  B. Habibi,et al.  Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on mono and bimetallic composite films: Pt and Pt–M (M = Ru, Ir and Sn) nano-particles in poly(o-aminophenol) , 2009 .

[19]  E. Leiva,et al.  Effect of adatoms in the electrocatalysis of HCOOH oxidation. A theoretical model , 1997 .

[20]  Functionalized polypyrroles. New molecular materials for electrocatalysis and related applications , 1989 .

[21]  Vishal M. Dhavale,et al.  Previous Article Next Article Table of ContentsHigh Pt utilization electrodes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells by dispersing Pt particles formed by a preprecipitation method on carbon “Polished” with polypyrrole , 2010 .

[22]  A. Mourato,et al.  Palladium electrodeposition on Polyaniline films , 2007 .

[23]  P. Pickup,et al.  Coupling of ion and electron transport during impedance measurements on a conducting polymer with similar ionic and electronic conductivities , 1993 .

[24]  C. Lamy,et al.  Electrocatalytic reduction of dioxygen at platinum particles dispersed in a polyaniline film , 2000 .

[25]  A. Shukla,et al.  A solid-polymer-electrolyte direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with Pt-Ru nanoparticles supported onto poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polystyrene sulphonic acid polymer composite as anode , 2010 .

[26]  V. Lakshminarayanan,et al.  Electro-Oxidation of Formic Acid, Methanol, and Ethanol on Electrodeposited Pd-Polyaniline Nanofiber Films in Acidic and Alkaline Medium , 2009 .

[27]  L. Niu,et al.  Electrochemical impedance and morphological characterization of platinum-modified polyaniline film electrodes and their electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation , 2003 .

[28]  Y. Tachibana,et al.  Photodeposition of Pt on composite films of Nafion and conducting polymer and O2 reduction using the composite film-coated electrode , 2004 .

[29]  N. Munichandraiah,et al.  Electrooxidation of methanol on Pt-modified conductive polymer PEDOT. , 2009, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[30]  M. Lyons.  Electrocatalysis using electroactive polymers, electroactive composites and microheterogeneous systems , 1994 .

[31]  Fenglin Yang,et al.  Effects of poly-1,5-diaminoanthraquinone morphology on oxygen reduction in acidic solution , 2009 .

[32]  Catia Arbizzani,et al.  Methanol oxidation by pEDOT-pSS/PtRu in DMFC , 2008 .

[33]  E. Gonzalez,et al.  Polymer supports for low-temperature fuel cell catalysts , 2009 .

[34]  Wanzhi. Wei,et al.  Effects of conductive polyaniline (PANI) preparation and platinum electrodeposition on electroactivity of methanol oxidation , 2004 .

[35]  Y. Tan,et al.  Synergistic Effect of Polyaniline-Modified Pd/C Catalysts on Formic Acid Oxidation in a Weak Acid Medium (NH4)2SO4 , 2009 .

[36]  E. Antolini.  Composite materials: An emerging class of fuel cell catalyst supports , 2010 .

[37]  Lei Li,et al.  A Facile Preparation of Hollow Palladium Nanosphere Catalysts for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell , 2009 .

[38]  V. Andreev,et al.  Electrooxidation of formic acid at a platinum electrode modified with aniline or polyaniline , 1990 .

[39]  R. Córdova,et al.  Polythiophene, polyaniline and polypyrrole electrodes modified by electrodeposition of Pt and Pt+Pb for formic acid electrooxidation , 1998 .

[40]  M. Wrighton,et al.  Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol and ethanol: a comparison of platinum-tin and platinum-ruthenium catalyst particles in a conducting polyaniline matrix , 1993 .

[41]  Xingwen Yu,et al.  Recent advances in direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFC) , 2008 .