Engineering Resilience in Critical Infrastructures

This short paper is a result of several intense days of discussion following a talk at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop “Resilience-Based Approaches to Critical Infrastructure Safeguarding”, which took place in Ponta Delgada, Portugal on June 26–29, 2016. This piece elaborates on the definition of resilience, the need for resilience in critical interdependent infrastructures, and on resilience quantification. An integrated metric for measuring resilience is discussed and strategies to build resilience in critical infrastructures are reviewed. These strategies are presented in the context of the research work carried out at the Reliability and Risk Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, namely, (a) planning ahead for resilience during the design phase, (b) carrying out effective system restoration, (c) quickly recovering from the minimum performance level, (d) self-healing, adaptation and control, and (e) exploiting interdependencies among infrastructures. This paper embraces a fundamentally engineering perspective and is by no means an exhaustive examination of the matter. It particularly focusing on technical aspects and does not touch upon the rich work on community resilience and the possible measures to strengthen the response of communities to disasters.

[1]  Pierluigi Mancarella,et al.  Modeling and Evaluating the Resilience of Critical Electrical Power Infrastructure to Extreme Weather Events , 2017, IEEE Systems Journal.

[2]  Giovanni Sansavini,et al.  Impact of Degraded Communication on Interdependent Power Systems: The Application of Grid Splitting , 2016 .

[3]  Giovanni Sansavini,et al.  A quantitative method for assessing resilience of interdependent infrastructures , 2017, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[4]  James H Lambert,et al.  Infrastructure systems, risk analysis, and resilience--research gaps and opportunities. , 2015, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[5]  Bing Li.  Measuring the societal and multi-industry impact of cascading failures in power systems , 2015 .

[6]  Min Ouyang,et al.  A three-stage resilience analysis framework for urban infrastructure systems , 2012 .

[7]  Chandrika Kamath,et al.  Understanding wind ramp events through analysis of historical data , 2009, IEEE PES T&D 2010.

[8]  David Woods,et al.  Resilience Engineering: Concepts and Precepts , 2006 .

[9]  David D. Woods,et al.  Four concepts for resilience and the implications for the future of resilience engineering , 2015, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[10]  Raghav Pant,et al.  Static and dynamic metrics of economic resilience for interdependent infrastructure and industry sectors , 2014, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[11]  T. Aven.  The Concept of Antifragility and its Implications for the Practice of Risk Analysis , 2015, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[12]  W. Adger.  Social and ecological resilience: are they related? , 2000 .

[13]  C. S. Holling.  Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems , 1973 .

[14]  Newton Paulo Bueno,et al.  Assessing the resilience of small socio-ecological systems based on the dominant polarity of their feedback structure , 2012 .

[15]  Michel Bruneau,et al.  A Framework to Quantitatively Assess and Enhance the Seismic Resilience of Communities , 2003 .

[16]  Stephanie E. Chang,et al.  Fostering resilience to extreme events within infrastructure systems: Characterizing decision contexts for mitigation and adaptation , 2008 .

[17]  Jonas Johansson,et al.  An approach for modelling interdependent infrastructures in the context of vulnerability analysis , 2010, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[18]  Andrew Kusiak,et al.  Prediction of Wind Farm Power Ramp Rates: A Data-Mining , 2009 .

[19]  Giovanni Sansavini,et al.  Effective multi-objective selection of inter-subnetwork power shifts to mitigate cascading failures , 2016 .

[20]  Albert-László Barabási,et al.  Universal resilience patterns in complex networks , 2016, Nature.

[21]  Paul Ekins,et al.  A resilient energy system , 2011 .

[22]  Enrico Zio,et al.  Vulnerable Systems , 2011 .

[23]  Yacov Y Haimes,et al.  On the Definition of Resilience in Systems , 2009, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[24]  João Gama,et al.  Probabilistic Ramp Detection and Forecasting for Wind Power Prediction , 2013 .

[25]  Giovanni Sansavini,et al.  Building an Integrated Metric for Quantifying the Resilience of Interdependent Infrastructure Systems , 2014, CRITIS.

[26]  Zachary A. Collier,et al.  Metrics for energy resilience , 2014 .

[27]  Giovanni Sansavini,et al.  Optimizing power system investments and resilience against attacks , 2017, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[28]  Joseph Fiksel,et al.  Designing resilient, sustainable systems. , 2003, Environmental science & technology.

[29]  Kash Barker,et al.  A review of definitions and measures of system resilience , 2016, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[30]  Min Ouyang,et al.  Resilience assessment of interdependent infrastructure systems: With a focus on joint restoration modeling and analysis , 2015, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[31]  Elisabeth Paté-Cornell,et al.  On “Black Swans” and “Perfect Storms”: Risk Analysis and Management When Statistics Are Not Enough , 2012, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[32]  Royce A. Francis,et al.  A metric and frameworks for resilience analysis of engineered and infrastructure systems , 2014, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..