Vocabulary Alignment in Openly Specified Interactions

The problem of achieving common understanding between agents that use different vocabularies has been mainly addressed by designing techniques that explicitly negotiate mappings between their vocabularies, requiring agents to share a meta-language. In this paper we consider the case of agents that use different vocabularies and have no meta-language in common, but share the knowledge of how to perform a task, given by the specification of an interaction protocol. For this situation, we present a framework that lets agents learn a vocabulary alignment from the experience of interacting. Unlike previous work in this direction, we use open protocols that constrain possible actions instead of defining procedures, making our approach more general. We present two techniques that can be used either to learn an alignment from scratch or to repair an existent one, and we evaluate experimentally their performance.

[1]  M. Schorlemmer,et al.  Semantic Alignment of Agent Interactions through the Communication Product , 2007 .

[2]  Andrea Omicini,et al.  Coordinating activities and change: An event-driven architecture for situated MAS , 2015, Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell..

[3]  Jérôme Euzenat.  First Experiments in Cultural Alignment Repair , 2014, WoDOOM.

[4]  Claudia V. Goldman,et al.  Learning to communicate in a decentralized environment , 2007, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[5]  Floriana Grasso,et al.  A Dialogue Protocol to Support Meaning Negotiation.: (Extended Abstract) , 2016, AAMAS.

[6]  Frank Dignum,et al.  Ontology negotiation: goals, requirements and implementation , 2007, Int. J. Agent Oriented Softw. Eng..

[7]  Valentin Goranko,et al.  Logic in Computer Science: Modelling and Reasoning About Systems , 2007, J. Log. Lang. Inf..

[8]  J. Siskind.  A computational study of cross-situational techniques for learning word-to-meaning mappings , 1996, Cognition.

[9]  Jérôme Euzenat.  Interaction-based ontology alignment repair with expansion and relaxation , 2017, IJCAI.

[10]  Heiner Stuckenschmidt,et al.  Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative: Six Years of Experience , 2011, J. Data Semant..

[11]  Yannis Kalfoglou,et al.  Ontology mapping: the state of the art , 2003, The Knowledge Engineering Review.

[12]  G. Shafer.  Jeffrey's Rule of Conditioning , 1981, Philosophy of Science.

[13]  Marco Schorlemmer,et al.  Vocabulary Alignment for Agents with Flexible Protocols , 2017, JOWO.

[14]  Cristina Baroglio,et al.  Behavior-Oriented Commitment-based Protocols , 2010, ECAI.

[15]  Marco Schorlemmer,et al.  Attuning Ontology Alignments to Semantically Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Interactions , 2016, ECAI.

[16]  Ulrich Endriss,et al.  Temporal Logics for Representing Agent Communication Protocols , 2006, AC.

[17]  Karl Aberer,et al.  The chatty web: emergent semantics through gossiping , 2003, WWW '03.

[18]  Trevor J. M. Bench-Capon,et al.  Argumentation over ontology correspondences in MAS , 2007, AAMAS '07.

[19]  Nuno Silva,et al.  An Approach to Ontology Mapping Negotiation , 2005, Integrating Ontologies.

[20]  Angelo Ferrando,et al.  Agents Interoperability via Conformance Modulo Mapping , 2018, WOA.

[21]  Heiner Stuckenschmidt,et al.  Results of the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative 2007 , 2006, OM.

[22]  Walter Truszkowski,et al.  Ontology negotiation between intelligent information agents , 2002, The Knowledge Engineering Review.

[23]  Marco Schorlemmer,et al.  An interaction-based approach to semantic alignment , 2012, J. Web Semant..

[24]  Michael Huth,et al.  Logic in computer science - modelling and reasoning about systems , 2000 .

[25]  N. Akhtar,et al.  Early lexical acquisition: the role of cross-situational learning , 1999 .

[26]  Colin de la Higuera,et al.  Grammatical Inference: Learning Automata and Grammars , 2010 .

[27]  Dave Robertson,et al.  How Service Choreography Statistics Reduce the Ontology Mapping Problem , 2007, ISWC/ASWC.

[28]  Sandip Sen,et al.  Emergence of Norms through Social Learning , 2007, IJCAI.

[29]  Luc Steels,et al.  The Origins of Ontologies and Communication Conventions in Multi-Agent Systems , 2004, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems.

[30]  Sarit Kraus,et al.  Communicating with Unknown Teammates , 2014, ECAI.

[31]  Wil M. P. van der Aalst,et al.  Specifying and Monitoring Service Flows: Making Web Services Process-Aware , 2007, Test and Analysis of Web Services.

[32]  Martin Leucker,et al.  Runtime Verification for LTL and TLTL , 2011, TSEM.

[33]  Jun Wang,et al.  Mutual Online Ontology Alignment , 2002 .

[34]  Marco Montali.  Specification and Verification of Declarative Open Interaction Models: A Logic-Based Approach , 2010 .

[35]  Cristina Baroglio,et al.  Constitutive and regulative specifications of commitment protocols: A decoupled approach , 2013, TIST.

[36]  Jérôme Euzenat.  First Experiments in Cultural Alignment Repair (Extended Version) , 2014, ESWC.

[37]  Munindar P. Singh,et al.  Commitments with regulations: reasoning about safety and control in REGULA , 2011, AAMAS.

[38]  James Harland,et al.  Temporal linear logic as a basis for flexible agent interactions , 2007, AAMAS '07.

[39]  Maricela Bravo,et al.  Discovering Pragmatic Similarity Relations between Agent Interaction Protocols , 2008, OTM Workshops.

[40]  Marco Pistore,et al.  NuSMV 2: An OpenSource Tool for Symbolic Model Checking , 2002, CAV.

[41]  Leonor Becerra-Bonache,et al.  A model of language learning with semantics and meaning-preserving corrections , 2017, Artif. Intell..

[42]  Jérôme Euzenat,et al.  Ontology Matching, Second Edition , 2013 .

[43]  G. G. Meyer,et al.  Lecture notes in business information processing , 2009 .

[44]  J. Tenenbaum,et al.  Word learning as Bayesian inference. , 2007, Psychological review.

[45]  Jeffrey Pennington,et al.  GloVe: Global Vectors for Word Representation , 2014, EMNLP.

[46]  Wil M. P. van der Aalst,et al.  DECLARE: Full Support for Loosely-Structured Processes , 2007, 11th IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC 2007).

[47]  Munindar P. Singh.  A Social Semantics for Agent Communication Languages , 2000, Issues in Agent Communication.

[48]  Frank Dignum,et al.  ANEMONE: an effective minimal ontology negotiation environment , 2006, AAMAS '06.

[49]  Guido Boella,et al.  Normative framework for normative system change , 2009, AAMAS 2009.

[50]  Wil M. P. van der Aalst,et al.  A Declarative Approach for Flexible Business Processes Management , 2006, Business Process Management Workshops.