Deep Eutectic Solvents as Azeotrope Breakers: Liquid-Liquid Extraction and COSMO-RS Prediction

The efficient and sustainable separation of azeotropic mixtures remains a challenge in chemical engineering. In this work, the performance of benign solvents, namely deep eutectic solvents (DES), in the separation of aromatic–aliphatic hydrocarbon azeotropic mixtures via liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was evaluated. The DES studied in this work were based on different ammonium salts (cholinium chloride, [Ch]Cl, benzylcholinium chloride, [BzCh]Cl, and tetrabutylammonium chloride, [N4444]Cl) as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and one organic acid (levulinic acid, LevA) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD), always in the mole ratio of 1 HBA:2 HBD. The thermophysical properties, namely density and viscosity, of the three used DES were measured in the temperature range T = (293.15 up to 353.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. The phase equilibria diagrams of all ternary systems were determined at T = 298.15 K and at atmospheric pressure using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the introduction of a more hydropho...

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