Operating system issues for continuous media

Abstract.Continuous media such as audio and video pose new challenges to all parts of multipurpose operating systems. We discuss issues related to CPU scheduling, memory allocation, system support and application environments and summarize some of the solutions proposed in the literature.

[1]  H.A. Chinn,et al.  A New Standard Volume Indicator and Reference Level , 1940, Proceedings of the IRE.

[2]  Per Brinch Hansen,et al.  Operating System Principles , 1973 .

[3]  Chung Laung Liu,et al.  Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment , 1989, JACM.

[4]  Joseph Y.-T. Leung,et al.  On the complexity of fixed-priority scheduling of periodic, real-time tasks , 1982, Perform. Evaluation.

[5]  Maurice J. Bach The Design of the UNIX Operating System , 1986 .

[6]  T. Sanderson,et al.  Near-real-time data transmission during the ICE - Comet Giacobini-Zinner encounter , 1986 .

[7]  Andrew S. Tanenbaum,et al.  Operating systems: design and implementation , 1987, Prentice-Hall software series.

[8]  Jane W.-S. Liu,et al.  Imprecise Results: Utilizing Partial Comptuations in Real-Time Systems , 1987, RTSS.

[9]  L. F. Ludwig,et al.  Laboratory for emulation and study of integrated and coordinated media communication , 1987, SIGCOMM '87.

[10]  Douglas B. Terry,et al.  Managing stored voice in the Etherphone system , 1988, TOCS.

[11]  Lui Sha,et al.  Real-time synchronization protocols for multiprocessors , 1988, Proceedings. Real-Time Systems Symposium.

[12]  John P. Lehoczky,et al.  The rate monotonic scheduling algorithm: exact characterization and average case behavior , 1989, [1989] Proceedings. Real-Time Systems Symposium.

[13]  Hideyuki Tokuda,et al.  ARTS: a distributed real-time kernel , 1989, OPSR.

[14]  David P. Anderson,et al.  A Framework for Multimedia Communication in a , 1989 .

[15]  Clement T. Yu,et al.  Efficient placement of audio data on optical disks for real-time applications , 1989, CACM.

[16]  Barry Arons,et al.  The VOX Audio Server , 1989 .

[17]  Krithi Ramamritham,et al.  The Spring kernel: a new paradigm for real-time operating systems , 1989, OPSR.

[18]  G. David Ripley DVI—a digital multimedia technology , 1989, CACM.

[19]  Samuel J. Leffler,et al.  The design and implementation of the , 1990 .

[20]  David P. Anderson Meta-Scheduling For Distributed Continuous Media , 1990 .

[21]  Claudio Topolcic,et al.  Experimental Internet Stream Protocol: Version 2 (ST-II) , 1990, RFC.

[22]  Lui Sha,et al.  Priority Inheritance Protocols: An Approach to Real-Time Synchronization , 1990, IEEE Trans. Computers.

[23]  John K. Ousterhout,et al.  Why Aren't Operating Systems Getting Faster As Fast as Hardware? , 1990, USENIX Summer.

[24]  Samuel J. Leffler,et al.  The design and implementation of the 4.3 BSD Unix operating system , 1991, Addison-Wesley series in computer science.

[25]  Ramesh Govindan,et al.  Support for continuous media in the DASH system , 1990, Proceedings.,10th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems.

[26]  Hideyuki Tokuda,et al.  Real-Time Mach: Towards a Predictable Real-Time System , 1990, USENIX MACH Symposium.

[27]  Andy Hopper,et al.  Pandora - an experimental system for multimedia applications , 1990, OPSR.

[28]  Joseph Pasquale,et al.  Experiences with Audio Conferencing Using the X Window System, UNIX, and TCP/IP , 1991, USENIX Summer.

[29]  Alan Burns,et al.  Hard Real-Time Scheduling: The Deadline-Monotonic Approach , 1991 .

[30]  Ramesh Govindan,et al.  Scheduling and IPC mechanisms for continuous media , 1991, SOSP '91.

[31]  Paul Milazzo,et al.  Shared Video under UNIX , 1991, USENIX Summer.

[32]  Jun Nakajima,et al.  Multimedia/Realtime Extensions for the Mach Operating System , 1991, USENIX Summer.

[33]  David L. Mills,et al.  Internet time synchronization: the network time protocol , 1991, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[34]  Derek McAuley,et al.  The desk area network , 1991, OPSR.

[35]  William W. Gaver,et al.  Sound Support for Collaboration , 1991, ECSCW.

[36]  Kevin Jeffay,et al.  Yartos: Kernel Support for Efficient, Predictable Real-Time Systems , 1991 .

[37]  Thomas D. C. Little,et al.  Multimedia Synchronization , 1991, IEEE Data Eng. Bull..

[38]  Karsten Schwan,et al.  Real-time threads , 1991, OPSR.

[39]  Ralf G. Herrtwich,et al.  The Role of Performance, Scheduling and Resource Reservation in Multimedia Systems , 1991, Operating Systems of the 90s and Beyond.

[40]  Sape J. Mullender Systems for the Nineties - Distributed Multimedia Systems , 1991, Operating Systems of the 90s and Beyond.

[41]  J. Duane Northcutt,et al.  Workstation Support for Time-Critical Applications , 1991, NOSSDAV.

[42]  Ann Marks,et al.  Distributed Multimedia: How Can the Necessary Data Rates be Supported? , 1991, USENIX Summer.

[43]  Chris Schmandt,et al.  Integrating Audio and Telephony in a Distributed Workstation Environment , 1991, USENIX Summer.

[44]  Rene L. Cruz,et al.  A calculus for network delay, Part I: Network elements in isolation , 1991, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[45]  Rene L. Cruz,et al.  A calculus for network delay, Part II: Network analysis , 1991, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[46]  Dick C. A. Bulterman Synchronization of Multi-Sourced Multimedia Data for Heterogeneous Target Systems , 1992, NOSSDAV.

[47]  Amy Pearl,et al.  System Support for Integrated Desktop Video Conferencing , 1992 .

[48]  Kevin Jeffay On kernel support for real-time multimedia applications , 1992, [1992] Proceedings Third Workshop on Workstation Operating Systems.

[49]  John Zolnowsky,et al.  Realtime Scheduling in SunOS 5.0 , 1992 .

[50]  Ramesh Govindan Operating systems mechanisms for continuous media , 1992 .

[51]  Henning Schulzrinne,et al.  Voice Communication Across the Internet: A Network Voice Terminal , 1992 .

[52]  P. Venkat Rangan,et al.  Feedback Techniques for Intra-Media Continuity and Inter-Media Synchronization in Distributed Multimedia Systems , 1993, Comput. J..

[53]  Peter Schnorf Integrating video into an application framework , 1993, MULTIMEDIA '93.

[54]  Derek McAuley Operating System Support for the Desk Area Network , 1993, NOSSDAV.

[55]  Jau-Hsiung Huang,et al.  Real-Time Software-Based Video Coder for Multimedia Communication Systems , 1993, ACM Multimedia.

[56]  P. Venkat Rangan,et al.  Adaptive feedback techniques for synchronized multimedia retrieval over integrated networks , 1993, TNET.

[57]  Craig Partridge,et al.  A faster UDP , 1993, TNET.

[58]  Steven McCanne,et al.  The BSD Packet Filter: A New Architecture for User-level Packet Capture , 1993, USENIX Winter.

[59]  Steve Evans,et al.  Optimizing UNIX Resource Scheduling for User Interaction , 1993, USENIX Summer.

[60]  Steven McCanne,et al.  A Randomized Sampling Clock for CPU Utilization Estimation and Code Profiling , 1993, USENIX Winter.

[61]  Jau-Hsiung Huang,et al.  Real-time software-based video coder for multimedia communication systems , 1993, MULTIMEDIA '93.

[62]  Jean-Bernard Stefani,et al.  Video Compression Standards and Quality of Service , 1993, Comput. J..

[63]  A. L. Narasimha Reddy,et al.  Disk scheduling in a multimedia I/O system , 1993, MM 1993.

[64]  Stefan Savage,et al.  Processor capacity reserves: an abstraction for managing processor usage , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE 4th Workshop on Workstation Operating Systems. WWOS-III.

[65]  Derek McAuley,et al.  Pegasus—operating system support for distributed multimedia systems , 1993, OPSR.

[66]  David P. Anderson,et al.  Metascheduling for continuous media , 1993, TOCS.

[67]  James Gettys,et al.  AudioFile: A Network-Transparent System for Distributed Audio Applications , 1993, USENIX Summer.

[68]  George V. Neville-Neil Current efforts in client/server audio , 1993 .

[69]  Ketan Mayer-Patel,et al.  Performance of a software MPEG video decoder , 1993, MULTIMEDIA '93.

[70]  Hideyuki Tokuda,et al.  Dynamic QOS Control based on Real-Time Threads , 1993, NOSSDAV.

[71]  J. Duane Northcutt,et al.  SVR4UNIX Scheduler Unacceptable for Multimedia Applications , 1993, NOSSDAV.

[72]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  Efficient on-line processor scheduling for a class of IRIS (increasing reward with increasing service) real-time tasks , 1993, SIGMETRICS '93.

[73]  D.L. Tennenhouse,et al.  ATM everywhere? , 1993, IEEE Network.

[74]  Michael B. Jones,et al.  Adaptive Real-Time Resource Management Supporting Modular Composition of Digital Multimedia Services , 1993, NOSSDAV.

[75]  Henning Schulzrinne,et al.  Real-time communication in packet-switched networks , 1994, Proc. IEEE.

[76]  Olof Hagsand,et al.  Workstation Support for Real-Time Multimedia Communication , 1994, USENIX Winter.

[77]  Henning Schulzrinne,et al.  Adaptive playout mechanisms for packetized audio applications in wide-area networks , 1994, Proceedings of INFOCOM '94 Conference on Computer Communications.

[78]  Alec Wolman,et al.  Latency Analysis of TCP on an ATM Network , 1994, USENIX Winter.

[79]  Thierry Turletti,et al.  The INRIA Videoconferencing System (IVS) , 1994 .

[80]  Stefan Savage,et al.  Processor capacity reserves: operating system support for multimedia applications , 1994, 1994 Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems.

[81]  Chris Zimmermann Making distributed multimedia systems secure: the switchboard approach , 1994, OPSR.

[82]  Ron Frederick,et al.  Experiences With Real-Time Software Video Compression , 1994 .

[83]  Nobuhiko Nishio,et al.  Evaluation of QoS-Control Servers on Real-Time Mach , 1995, NOSSDAV.

[84]  Alan Burns,et al.  Real-Time System Scheduling , 1995 .

[85]  Michael B. Jones,et al.  Support for User-Centric Modular Real-Time Resource Management in the Rialto Operating System , 1995, NOSSDAV.

[86]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  On-Line Scheduling Policies for a Class of IRIS (Increasing Reward with Increasing Service) Real-Time Tasks , 1996, IEEE Trans. Computers.

[87]  David Clark,et al.  An analysis of TCP processing overhead , 1989 .