Cultural Dimensions: A Factor Analysis of the World Ethnographic Sample1

This research (a) scales quantitatively the 30 cultural characteristics of Murdock's (1957) World Ethnographic Sample, (b) correlates them over all 565 societies, (c) factors these correlations, to show that nine dimensions largely summarize the original 30 characteristics, and (d) repeats the correlation and factoring separately in all six cultural regions, to show that these characteristics are related at least partly because of functional necessity rather than solely because of historical diffusion from a common source. This general finding, like the many specific relations here reported, is supported by the large size of the sample, by its worldwide representativeness, and by use of the same variables throughout—but above all by the comparisons between regions.

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