Natural history of the development of visual acuity in infants

A selective review of the contemporary understanding of development of infant visual acuity is presented together with recent developments in methodology to detect this change. References are confined, wherever possible, to human infant studies relating to factors explaining the development of acuity. Results obtained from a two year study of the development of grating acuity in normal infants are discussed briefly. The findings indicate the importance of establishing acuity norms and sensitivity of interocular acuity difference as an important parameter in the detection of monocular visual deficit in clinical practice.

[1]  D. Teller,et al.  The acuity card procedure: a rapid test of infant acuity. , 1985, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[2]  K. Preston,et al.  Monocular and Binocular Acuity Estimation in 18‐ to 36‐Month‐Olds: Acuity Card Results , 1986, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[3]  E. Birch,et al.  Criteria for monocular acuity deficit in infancy and early childhood. , 1988, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[4]  J. Fagan,et al.  Visual attention to size and number of pattern details by term and preterm infants during the first six months. , 1975, Child development.

[5]  Richard Held,et al.  Infant visual acuity and its meridional variation , 1978, Vision Research.

[6]  P. Yakovlev,et al.  The myelogenetic cycles of regional maturation of the brain , 1967 .

[7]  T. L. Hickey,et al.  Postnatal development of the human lateral geniculate nucleus: relationship to a critical period for the visual system , 1977, Science.

[8]  A. Hendrickson,et al.  The morphological development of the human fovea. , 1984, Ophthalmology.

[9]  R. L. Frantz,et al.  Maturation of pattern vision in infants during the first six months. , 1962 .

[10]  E. Birch,et al.  Infant interocular acuity differences and binocular vision , 1985, Vision Research.

[11]  R M Robb,et al.  Development of myelin in human optic nerve and tract. A light and electron microscopic study. , 1981, Archives of ophthalmology.

[12]  D. Teller,et al.  Monocular Acuity in Normal Infants: The Acuity Card Procedure , 1986, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[13]  S. Sokol,et al.  Measurement of infant visual acuity from pattern reversal evoked potentials , 1978, Vision Research.

[14]  J. Duin,et al.  The development of visual acuity in normal fullterm and preterm infants , 1986, Vision Research.

[15]  K. Simons.  Visual acuity norms in young children. , 1983, Survey of ophthalmology.

[16]  Velma Dobson,et al.  Visual acuity in human infants: A review and comparison of behavioral and electrophysiological studies , 1978, Vision Research.

[17]  A. Norcia,et al.  The development of monocular and binocular VEP acuity , 1989, Vision Research.

[18]  R. Held,et al.  Visual acuity and its meridional variations in children aged 7–60 months , 1983, Vision Research.

[19]  V. Dobson.  Clinical applications of preferential looking measures of visual acuity , 1983, Behavioural Brain Research.

[20]  D. Mayer,et al.  Visual acuity development in infants and young children, as assessed by operant preferential looking , 1982, Vision Research.

[21]  F. Campbell,et al.  Electrophysiological evidence for the existence of orientation and size detectors in the human visual system , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[22]  K Nakayama,et al.  Rapid assessment of visual function: an electronic sweep technique for the pattern visual evoked potential. , 1979, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[23]  A. Norcia,et al.  Spatial frequency sweep VEP: Visual acuity during the first year of life , 1985, Vision Research.

[24]  H. Loos,et al.  Synaptogenesis in human visual cortex — evidence for synapse elimination during normal development , 1982, Neuroscience Letters.

[25]  J. C. Vuletin,et al.  A Light and Electron Microscopic Study , 1976 .

[26]  D. Teller.  The forced-choice preferential looking procedure: A psychophysical technique for use with human infants. , 1979 .

[27]  D. Teller,et al.  ASSESSMENT OF VISUAL ACUITY IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN; THE ACUITY CARD PROCEDURE , 1986, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[28]  A. Chandna,et al.  Preferential looking in clinical practice: A year's experience , 1988, Eye.

[29]  T. Schwartz,et al.  BINOCULAR VISUAL ACUITY OF NEONATES: THE ACUITY CARD PROCEDURE , 1987, Developmental medicine and child neurology.