Das Selbst als Attraktor: das psychologische Selbst aus systemtheoretischer und achtsamkeitsbasierter Sicht

In dieser theoretischen Arbeit vertreten wir die Position, dass das psychologische Selbst mit den Begriffen der Theorie dynamischer Systeme modelliert werden kann. Die zentrale Intuition ist, dass das Selbst als Attraktor angesehen werden kann, also als eine aus einem Prozess durch Selbstorganisation emergierende Struktur. Wir stellen Analogien zur Gestaltpsychologie fest, bei der ebenfalls eine Struktur aus einem zunachst ungeordneten komplexen Zustand hervortritt. Die wichtigsten Parameter, die solche Emergenzprozesse antreiben, entstammen dem Korper (Propriozeption, Embodiment) und der Situation (Affordanzen, Situiertheit). Wir diskutieren Zusammenhange, unter denen das Selbst geschwacht wird, wie etwa psychische Storungen. Achtsamkeitsinterventionen werden ausfuhrlich diskutiert und gezeigt, dass Achtsamkeit in spezifischer Weise zur Kalibrierung und Stabilisierung des Selbst beitragen kann.

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