Silicon nitride microwave photonic circuits.

We present an overview of several microwave photonic processing functionalities based on combinations of Mach-Zehnder and ring resonator filters using the high index contrast silicon nitride (TriPleX™) waveguide technology. All functionalities are built using the same basic building blocks, namely straight waveguides, phase tuning elements and directional couplers. We recall previously shown measurements on high spurious free dynamic range microwave photonic (MWP) link, ultra-wideband pulse generation, instantaneous frequency measurements, Hilbert transformers, microwave polarization networks and demonstrate new measurements and functionalities on a 16 channel optical beamforming network and modulation format transformer as well as an outlook on future microwave photonic platform integration, which will lead to a significantly reduced footprint and thereby enables the path to commercially viable MWP systems.

[1]  V. Mizrahi,et al.  Less than 1 dB per meter propagation loss of silica waveguides measured using a ring resonator , 1994 .

[2]  A. Leinse,et al.  Box-Shaped Dielectric Waveguides: A New Concept in Integrated Optics? , 2007, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[3]  C. Roeloffzen,et al.  Single-Chip Ring Resonator-Based 1 $\times$ 8 Optical Beam Forming Network in CMOS-Compatible Waveguide Technology , 2007, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[4]  José Capmany,et al.  Microwave photonics combines two worlds , 2007 .

[5]  J. Khurgin,et al.  Microwave Photonic Delay Line With Separate Tuning of the Optical Carrier , 2009, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[6]  Andrea Melloni,et al.  The role of index contrast in dielectric optical waveguides , 2009 .

[7]  J. Capmany,et al.  Broadband true time delay for microwave signal processing, using slow light based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers. , 2010, Optics express.

[8]  Leimeng Zhuang,et al.  Novel Ring Resonator-Based Integrated Photonic Beamformer for Broadband Phased Array Receive Antennas—Part II: Experimental Prototype , 2010, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[9]  C. Roeloffzen,et al.  A photonic chip based frequency discriminator for a high performance microwave photonic link. , 2010, Optics express.

[10]  Leimeng Zhuang,et al.  Novel Ring Resonator-Based Integrated Photonic Beamformer for Broadband Phased Array Receive Antennas—Part I: Design and Performance Analysis , 2010, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[11]  Seth Johnson,et al.  Liquid crystal waveguides: new devices enabled by >1000 waves of optical phase control , 2010, OPTO.

[12]  C. Jagadish,et al.  Single-Step RIE Fabrication Process of Low Loss InP Waveguide Using CH4 ∕ H2 Chemistry , 2011 .

[13]  Leimeng Zhuang,et al.  On-chip CMOS compatible reconfigurable optical delay line with separate carrier tuning for microwave photonic signal processing. , 2011, Optics express.

[14]  On-chip signal processing , 2011 .

[15]  B. Sanadgol,et al.  Towards a broadband and squint-free Ku-band phased array antenna system for airborne satellite communications , 2011, Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP).

[16]  C. Roeloffzen,et al.  Low-loss, high-index-contrast Si₃N₄/SiO₂ optical waveguides for optical delay lines in microwave photonics signal processing. , 2011, Optics express.

[17]  C. Roeloffzen,et al.  Impulse radio ultrawideband pulse shaper based on a programmable photonic chip frequency discriminator. , 2011, Optics express.

[18]  A. Leinse,et al.  Ultra-low-loss high-aspect-ratio Si3N4 waveguides. , 2011, Optics express.

[19]  R. Heideman,et al.  TriPleX-Based Integrated Optical Ring Resonators for Lab-on-a-Chip and Environmental Detection , 2012, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[20]  Klaas Dijkstra,et al.  System integration and radiation pattern measurements of a phased array antenna employing an integrated photonic beamformer for radio astronomy applications. , 2012, Applied optics.

[21]  C. Roeloffzen,et al.  Novel microwave photonic fractional Hilbert transformer using a ring resonator-based optical all-pass filter. , 2012, Optics express.

[22]  van der Jjgm Jos Tol,et al.  Moore's law in photonics , 2012 .

[23]  Spectral control of diode lasers using external waveguide circuits , 2013 .

[24]  Leimeng Zhuang,et al.  Integrated Photonic ${\rm K}_{\rm u}$ -Band Beamformer Chip With Continuous Amplitude and Delay Control , 2013, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[25]  Leimeng Zhuang,et al.  Novel wideband microwave polarization network using a fully-reconfigurable photonic waveguide interleaver with a two-ring resonator-assisted asymmetric Mach-Zehnder structure. , 2013, Optics express.

[26]  Caterina Ciminelli,et al.  High performance InP ring resonator for new generation monolithically integrated optical gyroscopes. , 2013, Optics express.

[27]  A. Leinse,et al.  TriPleX waveguide platform: low-loss technology over a wide wavelength range , 2013, Microtechnologies for the New Millennium.

[28]  John E. Bowers,et al.  Integrated Ultra-Low-Loss 4-Bit Tunable Delay for Broadband Phased Array Antenna Applications , 2013, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[29]  D. Marpaung.  On-Chip Photonic-Assisted Instantaneous Microwave Frequency Measurement System , 2013, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[30]  R. Oldenbeuving,et al.  25 kHz narrow spectral bandwidth of a wavelength tunable diode laser with a short waveguide-based external cavity , 2012, 1204.0353.

[31]  John E. Bowers,et al.  Integrated microwave photonics , 2015, 2015 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP).