Optical Implementation of a Self-Organizing Feature Extractor

We demonstrate a self-organizing system based on photorefractive ring oscillators. We employ the system in two ways that can both be thought of as feature extractors; one acts on a set of images exposed repeatedly to the system strictly as a linear feature extractor, and the other serves as a signal demultiplexer for fiber optic communications. Both systems implement unsupervised competitive learning embedded within the mode interaction dynamics between the modes of a set of ring oscillators. After a training period, the modes of the rings become associated with the different image features or carrier frequencies within the incoming data stream.

[1]  V. B. Markov,et al.  holographic storage in electrooptic crystals. II. beam coupling—light amplification , 1978 .

[2]  Anders Krogh,et al.  Introduction to the theory of neural computation , 1994, The advanced book program.

[3]  D. Hofstadter.  Metamagical Themas: Questing for the Essence of Mind and Pattern , 1985 .

[4]  T. Hall,et al.  The photorefractive effect—a review , 1985 .

[5]  M Saffman,et al.  Mode multiplexing and holographic demultiplexing communication channels on a multimode fiber. , 1991, Optics letters.

[6]  A. B. Vander Lugt,et al.  Signal detection by complex spatial filtering , 1964, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[7]  Anderson,et al.  Controlled competitive dynamics in a photorefractive ring oscillator: "Winner-takes-all" and the "voting-paradox" dynamics. , 1991, Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

[8]  Teuvo Kohonen,et al.  Self-organization and associative memory: 3rd edition , 1989 .

[9]  A. J. Lotka,et al.  Elements of Physical Biology. , 1925, Nature.

[10]  Teuvo Kohonen,et al.  Self-Organization and Associative Memory , 1988 .

[11]  M. Soskin,et al.  Holographic storage in electrooptic crystals. i. steady state , 1978 .

[12]  Dana Z. Anderson,et al.  Theory of multimode operation of a unidirectional ring oscillator having photorefractive gain: weak-field limit , 1987 .

[13]  Vito Volterra,et al.  Leçons sur la théorie mathématique de la lutte pour la vie , 1931 .

[14]  A. J. Lotka.  Elements of Physical Biology. , 1925, Nature.

[15]  M Saffman,et al.  Self-organizing photorefractive frequency demultiplexer. , 1991, Optics letters.

[16]  D. Staebler,et al.  Holographic storage in electrooptic crystals , 1973 .

[17]  Amnon Yariv,et al.  Coherent oscillation by self‐induced gratings in the photorefractive crystal BaTiO3 , 1982 .