Document Title: The Report of the International Association for Identification, Standardization II Committee

[1]  Janet L. Kolodner,et al.  Case-Based Reasoning , 1989, IJCAI 1989.

[2]  N. Lynnerup,et al.  Comparison of Handmarks in Manual Strangulation: An Experimental Study , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[3]  J M Curran,et al.  Sampling in forensic comparison problems. , 1998, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[4]  Robert G Cowell FINEX: a Probabilistic Expert System for forensic identification. , 2003, Forensic science international.

[5]  K. Hummel The Expert’s Evidence and the Judge’s Evaluation of all Information in Court Decisions , 1994 .

[6]  Bryan Found,et al.  The probative character of Forensic Handwriting Examiners' identification and elimination opinions on questioned signatures. , 2008, Forensic science international.

[7]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Integrating Faces and Fingerprints for Personal Identification , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[8]  Sanjeev Chandra,et al.  Deducing drop size and impact velocity from circular bloodstains. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[9]  S. Fienberg,et al.  Legal and Statistical Aspects of Some Mysterious Clusters , 1990 .

[10]  R. Elber,et al.  Chemical development of latent fingerprints: computational design of ninhydrin analogues. , 2000, Journal of forensic sciences.

[11]  P. Maderson,et al.  Growth and differentiation of skin. , 1976, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[12]  K. Asai,et al.  Automatic Fingerprint Identification , 1979, Other Conferences.

[13]  A. Broeders,et al.  Some observations on the use of probability scales in forensic identification , 1999 .

[14]  T. Loredo From Laplace to Supernova SN 1987A: Bayesian Inference in Astrophysics , 1990 .

[15]  I. Alaoui,et al.  Emission enhancement in terbium-Ruhemann's purple complexes. , 1994, Forensic science international.

[16]  S. Cole Toward Evidence-Based Evidence: Supporting Forensic Knowledge Claims in the Post-Daubert Era , 2007 .

[17]  K. Shiota,et al.  Comparative investigations of human and rat dermatoglyphics: palmar, plantar and digital pads and flexion creases , 2002, Anatomical science international.

[18]  Richard Lempert,et al.  University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository , 2022 .

[19]  Chemical evolution of amino acid induced by soft X-ray with Synchrotron Radiation(Chemical Evolution, International Symposium on Origins of Life and Astrobiology) , 2005 .

[20]  J. A. Lambert,et al.  A survey of glass fragments recovered from clothing of persons suspected of involvement in crime , 1995 .

[22]  Danna E. Bicknell,et al.  Use of an Optimized 1,2‐Indanedione Process for the Development of Latent Prints * , 2008, Journal of forensic sciences.

[23]  G. Wendt ZWILLINGSUNTERSUCHUNG ÜBER ZWISCHENLINIEN UND WEISSE LINIEN IM ABDRUCK DER MENSCHLICHEN FINGERBEERE , 1956 .

[24]  Muhammad Y. Choudhry,et al.  A New Approach to Unraveling Tangled Adhesive Tape for Potential Detection of Latent Prints and Recovery of Trace Evidence , 1990 .

[25]  Jun Li,et al.  Constrained nonlinear models of fingerprint orientations with prediction , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[26]  Weimin Huang,et al.  An Improved Scheme to Fingerprint Classification , 1998, SSPR/SPR.

[27]  C. Champod,et al.  Use of gold nanoparticles as molecular intermediates for the detection of fingermarks. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[28]  O. Bergeim,et al.  The amino acids of human sweat. , 1946, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[29]  John Birkett,et al.  Scientific scene linking , 1989 .

[30]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  Guide to Biometrics , 2003, Springer Professional Computing.

[31]  HENRY FAULDS Poroscopy: the Scrutiny of Sweat-pores for Identification , 1913, Nature.

[32]  J. Allison,et al.  A Mechanistic Model for the Superglue Fuming of Latent Fingerprints * , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[33]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  The interpretation of refractive index measurements V. , 1977 .

[34]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Evaluation of the likelihood ratio for fibre transfer evidence in criminal cases , 1987 .

[35]  Todd S. Horowitz,et al.  Visual search has no memory , 1998, Nature.

[36]  Thomas G. Chasteen Review of: Forensic Chemistry , 2006 .

[37]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Validating a Biometric Authentication System: Sample Size Requirements , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[38]  Sarkar N. Chandra,et al.  Genetics of epidermal ridge minutiae , 2005 .

[39]  R V Lenth On identification by probability. , 1986, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[40]  Colin Aitken Statistics and Forensic Science—A Fruitful Partnership , 1983 .

[41]  A. Hobolth,et al.  Shape discrimination by total curvature, with a view to cancer diagnostics , 2005, Journal of microscopy.

[42]  J D Nicol,et al.  Fingerprint comparison. II: On the development of a single fingerprint filing and searching system. , 1982, Journal of forensic sciences.

[43]  C. Lennard,et al.  Optimisation and evaluation of 1,2-indanedione for use as a fingermark reagent and its application to real samples. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[44]  David Lindley,et al.  The Probability Approach to the Treatment of Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems , 1987 .

[45]  Ilsen About Les fondations d'un système national d'identification policière en France (1893-1914). , 2004 .

[46]  B. Karmakar,et al.  Progress in genetics of palmar pattern ridge counts in man. , 1982, Progress in clinical and biological research.

[47]  James D. Brasher,et al.  Optical recognition of phase-encrypted biometrics , 1998 .

[48]  Henry Faulds,et al.  On the Skin-Furrows of the Hand , 1880, Nature.

[49]  Tacha Hicks,et al.  Transfer and persistence of glass fragments on garments , 1996 .

[50]  T. Busey,et al.  Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for configural processing in fingerprint experts , 2005, Vision Research.

[51]  R. Cantor,et al.  Analysis of the covariance structure of digital ridge counts in the offspring of monozygotic twins. , 1983, Genetics.

[52]  Loris Nanni,et al.  An efficient fingerprint verification system using integrated gabor filters and Parzen Window Classifier , 2005, Neurocomputing.

[53]  C. Cwiklik An evaluation of the significance of transfers of debris: criteria for association and exclusion. , 1999, Journal of forensic sciences.

[54]  D A Berry,et al.  Experimental design for drug development: a Bayesian approach. , 1991, Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics.

[55]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  The ‘Opinionization’ of Fingerprint Evidence , 2008 .

[56]  B. D. Gaudette The use of statistics in forensic science , 1987 .

[57]  Geraint Williams,et al.  Latent fingermark visualisation using a scanning Kelvin probe. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[58]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Fingerprint Quality Indices for Predicting Authentication Performance , 2005, AVBPA.

[59]  C. Bowers Problem-based analysis of bitemark misidentifications: the role of DNA. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[60]  David L. Faigman,et al.  Modern scientific evidence : the law and science of expert testimony , 2006 .

[61]  Bryan Found,et al.  A computer program designed to compare the spatial elements of handwriting , 1994 .

[62]  Xudong Jiang,et al.  Efficient fingerprint search based on database clustering , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[63]  Rama Chellappa,et al.  Human and machine recognition of faces: a survey , 1995, Proc. IEEE.

[64]  Terrance E. Boult,et al.  Biometric system evaluation , 2003 .

[65]  Adrian F. M. Smith,et al.  The Evaluation of Fibre Transfer Evidence in Forensic Science: A Case Study in Statistical Modelling , 1991 .

[66]  R. Pinchin,et al.  DNA single locus profiles: tests for the robustness of statistical procedures within the context of forensic science , 2005, International Journal of Legal Medicine.

[67]  Itiel E. Dror,et al.  Perception is far from perfection: The role of the brain and mind in constructing realities , 2005, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[68]  S. Urry,et al.  Arch indexes from ink footprints and pressure platforms are different , 2005 .

[69]  Suzanne O. Kaasa,et al.  Statistical Inference and Forensic Evidence: Evaluating a Bullet Lead Match , 2007, Law and human behavior.

[70]  P. L. Kirk,et al.  The Use of Statistics in Criminalistics , 1964 .

[71]  R Cook,et al.  The significance of fibres found in head hair. , 1997, Forensic science international.

[72]  Stephanie Schuckers,et al.  Determination of vitality from a non-invasive biomedical measurement for use in fingerprint scanners , 2003, Pattern Recognit..

[73]  Chris Lennard Fingerprint detection: future prospects , 2007 .

[74]  Frank Crispino,et al.  Nature and place of crime scene management within forensic sciences. , 2008, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[75]  Andrew Beng Jin Teoh,et al.  Biohashing: two factor authentication featuring fingerprint data and tokenised random number , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[76]  Dario Maio,et al.  Fake finger detection by skin distortion analysis , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security.

[77]  C S Jonson,et al.  Computer aided retrieval of common-batch members in Leuckart amphetamine profiling. , 1993, Journal of forensic sciences.

[78]  R. Chaube Palmar creases and diseases: cancer and tuberculosis. , 1977, Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae.

[79]  H. Weinreb Dermatoglyphic patterns in Alzheimer's disease. , 1986, Journal of neurogenetics.

[80]  Kai Huang,et al.  Fingerprint Classification Based on Extraction and Analysis of Singularities and Pseudoridges , 2001, VIP.

[81]  Harold Cummins Counterfeit Finger-Prints , 1934 .

[82]  David L. Faigman,et al.  LECTURE: Legal Alchemy: The Use and Misuse of Science in the Law , 1999 .

[83]  T. Sun,et al.  Heterogeneity in epidermal basal keratinocytes: morphological and functional correlations. , 1982, Science.

[84]  C. Kingston A Perspective on Probability and Physical Evidence , 1989 .

[85]  Vincent Di Maio,et al.  Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques , 1985 .

[86]  Didier Meuwly,et al.  The inference of identity in forensic speaker recognition , 2000, Speech Commun..

[87]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  On-line fingerprint verification , 1996, Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.

[88]  A. P. Dawid Bayes's theorem and weighing evidence by juries , 2002 .

[89]  V. Galera,et al.  Biological variability of the minutiae in the fingerprints of a sample of the Spanish population. , 2007, Forensic Science International.

[90]  Hiroshi Yano,et al.  A new retrieval system for a database of 3D facial images. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[91]  A. R. Roddy,et al.  Fingerprint features-statistical analysis and system performance estimates , 1997 .

[92]  F Botti,et al.  On compensation of mismatched recording conditions in the Bayesian approach for forensic automatic speaker recognition. , 2004, Forensic science international.

[93]  Lisa Dilbeck,et al.  Use of Bluestar Forensic in Lieu of Luminol at Crime Scenes , 2006 .

[94]  I. Alberink,et al.  Performance of the FearID earprint identification system. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[95]  F Taroni,et al.  The evaluation of evidence in the forensic investigation of fire incidents (Part I): an approach using Bayesian networks. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[97]  Harold Cummins,et al.  FINGER PRINTS, PALMS AND SOLES , 1944 .

[98]  David A. van Leeuwen,et al.  NIST and NFI-TNO evaluations of automatic speaker recognition , 2006, Comput. Speech Lang..

[99]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  Witnessing Identification , 1998 .

[100]  E. Bartick,et al.  Analysis of Latent Fingerprint Deposits by Infrared Microspectroscopy , 2004, Applied spectroscopy.

[101]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Statistical Models for Assessing the Individuality of Fingerprints , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security.

[102]  David J. C. MacKay,et al.  Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[103]  A. Castelló,et al.  Just lip prints? No: there could be something else , 2004, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[104]  Kasey Wertheim,et al.  The Critical Stage of Friction Ridge and Pattern Formation , 2002 .

[105]  Gerald M Laporte,et al.  The forensic analysis of thermal transfer printing. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[106]  David Zhang,et al.  The relative distance of key point based iris recognition , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[107]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Attacks on biometric systems: a case study in fingerprints , 2004, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[108]  Mark S. Nixon,et al.  A new force field transform for ear and face recognition , 2000, Proceedings 2000 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.00CH37101).

[109]  R. Lavker,et al.  Aged skin: a study by light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopy. , 1987, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[110]  B. A. Flaxman,et al.  Ultrastructural studies of the early junctional zone formed by keratinocytes showing contact inhibition of movement in vitro. , 1974, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[111]  Ilse Giesing,et al.  User perceptions related to identification through biometrics within electronic business , 2005 .

[112]  K V Mardia,et al.  On the Penrose hypothesis on fingerprint patterns. , 1992, IMA journal of mathematics applied in medicine and biology.

[113]  Jean-Claude Margueron,et al.  Fingerprints and archaeology , 1980 .

[114]  D. Upton,et al.  Dynamic and static footprints: Comparative calculations for angle and base of gait , 2005 .

[115]  David Charlton,et al.  Why Experts Make Errors , 2006 .

[116]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  CSI and its Effects: Media, Juries, and the Burden of Proof , 2007 .

[117]  Charles E H Berger,et al.  Gelatine Lifting, a Novel Technique for the Examination of Indented Writing * , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[118]  A. Broeders Of earprints, fingerprints, scent dogs, cot deaths and cognitive contamination--a brief look at the present state of play in the forensic arena. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[119]  Chris Chatwin,et al.  Biometric iris recognition system using a fast and robust iris localization and alignment procedure , 2006 .

[120]  K. Hashimoto The ultrastructure of the skin of human embryos. VII. Formation of the apocrine gland. , 1970, Acta dermato-venereologica.

[121]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Statistical Pattern Recognition: A Review , 2000, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[122]  Colin Aitken,et al.  The use of statistics in forensic science , 1991 .

[123]  Randolph N. Jonakait,et al.  The Meaning of Daubert and What that Means for Forensic Science , 1994 .

[124]  Katrin Franke,et al.  The influence of physical and biomechanical processes on the ink trace. Methodological foundations for the forensic analysis of signatures , 2005 .

[125]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  Fingerprint Minutiae: A Constructive Definition , 2002, Biometric Authentication.

[126]  Henry C. Lee,et al.  Methods of Latent Fingerprint Development , 2001 .

[127]  Robert Yen,et al.  Fingerprint image quality measurement algorithm , 2007 .

[128]  Michael C. Grieve,et al.  A practical aspect of the Bayesian interpretation of fibre evidence , 1992 .

[129]  E. Jaynes Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics , 1957 .

[130]  G. Ginsburg,et al.  Asking the Gatekeepers: A National Survey of Judges on Judging Expert Evidence in a Post-Daubert World , 2001, Law and human behavior.

[131]  T. Inoué,et al.  Scanning electron microscopy of the basal surface of the epidermis of human digits. , 1996, Acta anatomica.

[132]  K W Kemp,et al.  Some statistical aspects of similarity and identification. , 1974, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[133]  Christophe Champod,et al.  Linkages between Biometrics and Forensic Science , 2008 .

[135]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  Novel Approaches for Minutiae Verification in Fingerprint Images , 2005, 2005 Seventh IEEE Workshops on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 1.

[136]  D. Loesch,et al.  Relationships of epidermal ridge patterns with body measurements and their possible evolutionary significance. , 1990, American journal of physical anthropology.

[137]  Edward Oscar Heinrich,et al.  Single Finger Prints , 1931 .

[138]  R. Fisher,et al.  Standard calculations for evaluating a blood-group system , 1951, Heredity.

[139]  T. W. Adair,et al.  Suicide by Simultaneous Discharge of Two Handguns , 2005 .

[140]  F. E. Inbau Scientific Evidence in Criminal Cases. III. Finger-Prints and Palm-Prints , 1934 .

[141]  S. Bleay,et al.  Recovery of fingerprints from arson scenes: Part 2 - Fingerprints in blood , 2008 .

[142]  P. Diaconis,et al.  Updating Subjective Probability , 1982 .

[143]  P. S. Groom,et al.  Are they a pair , 1987 .

[144]  The Prevalence and Potential Causes of Wrongful Conviction By Fingerprint Evidence , 2006 .

[145]  Karim Faez,et al.  A New Ear Recognition Approach for Personal Identification , 2008, ICIC.

[146]  E. R. Menzel,et al.  Laser-Assisted Thin-Layer Chromatography and Luminescence of Fingerprints: An Approach to Fingerprint Age Determination , 1978 .

[147]  Daijin Kim,et al.  Generating frontal view face image for pose invariant face recognition , 2006, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[148]  David J. Spiegelhalter,et al.  Probabilistic Networks and Expert Systems , 1999, Information Science and Statistics.

[149]  Mark S. Nixon,et al.  Force field feature extraction for ear biometrics , 2005, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[150]  E R Menzel,et al.  Sensitivity enhancement of ninhydrin-treated latent fingerprints by enzymes and metal salts. , 1986, Journal of forensic sciences.

[151]  Stéphane Roux,et al.  Local anisotropy analysis for non-smooth images , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[152]  D. Kaye The Laws of Probability and the Law of the Land , 1979 .

[153]  Carlotta Domeniconi,et al.  Direct gray scale ridge reconstruction in fingerprint images , 1998, Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP '98 (Cat. No.98CH36181).

[154]  Anthony A Braga,et al.  Linking crime guns: the impact of ballistics imaging technology on the productivity of the Boston Police Department's Ballistics Unit. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[155]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  Filterbank-based fingerprint matching , 2000, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[156]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  FVC2000: Fingerprint Verification Competition , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[157]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Expert evidence and forensic misconceptions of the nature of exact science , 1996 .

[158]  James O. Berger,et al.  Ockham's Razor and Bayesian Analysis , 1992 .

[159]  Christophe Champod,et al.  Reconnaissance automatique et analyse statistique des minuties sur les empreintes digitales , 1996 .

[160]  Norbert Krüger,et al.  Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching , 1997, Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing.

[161]  Nazar Al-Talabani,et al.  Digital Analysis of Experimental Human Bitemarks: Application of Two New Methods , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[162]  J D DeHaan,et al.  A survey of men's footwear. , 1977, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[163]  S. Lichtenstein,et al.  Do those who know more also know more about how much they know?*1 , 1977 .

[164]  Arun Ross,et al.  Fingerprint mosaicking , 2002, 2002 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[165]  L. Abbott,et al.  Cascade Models of Synaptically Stored Memories , 2005, Neuron.

[166]  A. P. Dawid,et al.  Coherent Analysis of Forensic Identification Evidence , 1996 .

[167]  John I. Thornton,et al.  A Critical Analysis of Quantitative Fingerprint Individuality Models , 1986 .

[168]  Mark S. Nixon,et al.  Automatic extraction and description of human gait models for recognition purposes , 2003, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[169]  E. Menzel Fingerprint Detection with Photoluminescent Nanoparticles , 2001 .

[170]  Europium aryl-beta-diketone complexes as fluorescent dyes for the detection of cyanoacrylate developed fingerprints on human skin. , 1993, Forensic science international.

[171]  Stanley L. Sclove,et al.  The occurrence of fingerprint characteristics as a two-dimensional poisson process , 1980 .

[172]  Rong Jin,et al.  Tattoo-ID: Automatic Tattoo Image Retrieval for Suspect and Victim Identification , 2007, PCM.

[173]  J Almog,et al.  Reagents for the chemical development of latent fingerprints: synthesis and properties of some ninhydrin analogues. , 1982, Journal of forensic sciences.

[174]  Roger W. Jones,et al.  Differentiating Writing Inks Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[175]  Daming Shi,et al.  Fingerprint minutiae matching using the adjacent feature vector , 2005, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[176]  V. Scheiber,et al.  Total finger ridge-count and the polygenic hypothesis: a critique. , 1976, Human biology.

[177]  Wayne Ashley What shoe was that? The use of computerised image database to assist in identification , 1996 .

[178]  E. Locard The Analysis of Dust Traces. Part III , 1930 .

[179]  L. Hope-weeks,et al.  Exploration of the use of novel SiO2 nanocomposites doped with fluorescent Eu3+/sensitizer complex for latent fingerprint detection. , 2008, Forensic science international.

[180]  Kenro Kuroki,et al.  Fluorescence Spectra and Images of Latent Fingerprints Excited with a Tunable Laser in the Ultraviolet Region , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[181]  Javier Ortega-Garcia,et al.  Bayesian analysis of fingerprint, face and signature evidences with automatic biometric systems. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[182]  T. Kawabe,et al.  Variation in basement membrane topography in human thick skin , 1985, The Anatomical record.

[183]  Cognitive pattern and dermatoglyphic asymmetry , 2001 .

[184]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Performance evaluation of fingerprint verification systems , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[185]  Edmond Locard,et al.  L'identification des récidivistes , 1909 .

[186]  R. Tibshirani,et al.  An introduction to the bootstrap , 1993 .

[187]  P. Meier,et al.  Damned Liars and Expert Witnesses , 1986 .

[188]  Matthieu Schmittbuhl,et al.  Probabilistic evaluation of handwriting evidence: likelihood ratio for authorship , 2008 .

[189]  W. Babler Prenatal selection and dermatoglyphic patterns. , 1978, American journal of physical anthropology.

[190]  Mo Dai,et al.  An effective method for extracting singular points in fingerprint images , 2006 .

[191]  S K Bramble Fluorescence spectroscopy as an aid to imaging latent fingermarks in the ultraviolet. , 1996, Journal of forensic sciences.

[192]  David H. Kaye The Admissibility of DNA Testing , 1991 .

[193]  Lionel Torres,et al.  Person Identification Technique Using Human Iris Recognition , 2002 .

[194]  T. Miura,et al.  Palmar dermatoglyphics in congenital hand anomalies. , 1994, The Journal of hand surgery.

[195]  George Gettinby,et al.  The retention of glass particles on woven fabrics , 1984 .

[196]  David Zhang,et al.  Automated Biometrics: Technologies and Systems , 2000 .

[197]  Yanmin Niu,et al.  Fingerprint matching using OrientationCodes and PolyLines , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[198]  Zeno Geradts,et al.  The image-database REBEZO for shoeprints with developments on automatic classification of shoe outsole designs , 1996 .

[199]  John M. Collins,et al.  The Wrongful Conviction of Forensic Science , 2009, Crime Lab Report.

[200]  Aging studies on fingerprint residues using thin-layer and high performance liquid chromatography. , 1986, Forensic science international.

[201]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  A Multichannel Approach to Fingerprint Classification , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[202]  Neil Yager,et al.  Dynamic registration selection for fingerprint verification , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[203]  R Hofer Dating of ballpoint pen ink. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[204]  I. Tarkka,et al.  Footprint analysis of gait using a pressure sensor system. , 2004, Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology.

[205]  Robert B. Montgomery Sole patterns. A study of the footprints of two thousand individuals , 1926 .

[206]  Joseph C Stephens,et al.  An Evaluation of Matching Unknown Writing Inks with the United States International Ink Library * , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[207]  R. Friedman A Presumption of Innocence, Not of Even Odds , 2000 .

[208]  E. Menzel,et al.  Mass spectra and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of the reaction product of glycine with 1,2-indanedione in methanol. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[209]  Pak Sham,et al.  Further evidence for anomalies in the hand-prints of patients with schizophrenia: a study of secondary creases , 1994, Schizophrenia Research.

[210]  P Margot,et al.  Fingerprint forgery--a survey. , 2001, Journal of forensic sciences.

[211]  Chu-Hsing Lin,et al.  A flexible biometrics remote user authentication scheme , 2004, Comput. Stand. Interfaces.

[212]  A. Cantu,et al.  Examination of the Steps Leading up to the Physical Developer Process for Developing Fingerprints , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[213]  Richard Youmaran,et al.  Towards a Measure of Biometric Information , 2006, 2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering.

[214]  C. F. Johnson,et al.  Unusual Palm Creases and Unusual Children , 1973, Clinical pediatrics.

[215]  Rakesh K. Garg,et al.  Personal identification from lip prints , 2007 .

[216]  E. R. Menzel,et al.  Inherent Fingerprint Luminescence - Detection By Laser , 1977, Other Conferences.

[217]  D. Loesch Minutiae and clinical genetics. , 2008, Journal of mental deficiency research.

[218]  B. Adams Establishing personal identification based on specific patterns of missing, filled, and unrestored teeth. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[219]  Djamel Bouchaffra,et al.  A Methodology for Mapping Scores to Probabilities , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[220]  Nicholas E. Manicke,et al.  Latent Fingerprint Chemical Imaging by Mass Spectrometry , 2008, Science.

[221]  Li-Chin Tsai,et al.  Forensic Applications of Infrared Imaging for the Detection and Recording of Latent Evidence , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[222]  J A Lambert,et al.  A model for case assessment and interpretation. , 1998, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[223]  Joseph Almog,et al.  Genipin--a novel fingerprint reagent with colorimetric and fluorogenic activity. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[224]  Ralph Norman Haber,et al.  Error Rates for Human Latent Fingerprint Examiners , 2004 .

[225]  L. A. Lewis,et al.  Understanding the Chemistry of the Development of Latent Fingerprints by Superglue Fuming , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[226]  Kanti V. Mardia,et al.  On statistical problems with face identification from photographs. , 1996 .

[227]  N. Jones Metal deposition techniques for the detection and enhancement of latent fingerprints on semi-porous surfaces , 2002 .

[228]  E. Menzel,et al.  Laser detection of latent fingerprints: ninhydrin followed by zinc chloride. , 1982, Journal of forensic sciences.

[229]  M. E. Lawton,et al.  An international survey of the reporting of hypothetical cases , 1988 .

[230]  R. M. Thompson,et al.  Automated Firearms Evidence Comparison: A Forensic Tool for Firearms Identification—An Update , 1998 .

[231]  J. Fraser,et al.  A NEW VISUAL ILLUSION OF DIRECTION , 1908 .

[232]  Claude Roux,et al.  Forensic applications of chemical imaging: latent fingerprint detection using visible absorption and luminescence. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[233]  A. Murat Tekalp,et al.  Robust watermarking of fingerprint images , 2002, Pattern Recognit..

[234]  FRANCIS GALTON Finger Print Evidence , 1902, Nature.

[235]  A. Castelló,et al.  Luminous lip-prints as criminal evidence. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[236]  O.M.Prakash Jasuja,et al.  Application of the ESDA in demonstrating traced forgeries , 1995 .

[237]  Lakhmi C. Jain,et al.  Introduction to fingerprint recognition , 2000 .

[238]  Loris Nanni,et al.  Advanced methods for two-class pattern recognition problem formulation for minutiae-based fingerprint verification , 2008, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[239]  E. Kobyliansky,et al.  Quantitative digital and palmar dermatoglyphics: sexual dimorphism in the Chuvashian population of Russia. , 2008, Homo : internationale Zeitschrift fur die vergleichende Forschung am Menschen.

[240]  G. Rutty,et al.  Ear piercing affects earprints: the role of ear piercing in human identification. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[241]  J. Fierrez-Aguilar,et al.  On the Vulnerability of Fingerprint Verification Systems to Fake Fingerprints Attacks , 2006, Proceedings 40th Annual 2006 International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology.

[242]  S. B. Holt,et al.  Finger‐print patterns in mongolism , 1963, Annals of human genetics.

[243]  L. J. Lucock Identifying The Wearer of Worn Footwear , 1967 .

[244]  B. Bornstein The impact of different types of expert scientific testimony on mock jurors’ liability verdicts , 2004 .

[245]  J H Wegstein,et al.  An automated fingerprint identification system , 1982 .

[246]  Lawrence M Wein,et al.  Using fingerprint image quality to improve the identification performance of the U.S. Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology Program. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[247]  David Zhang,et al.  Palmprint identification using feature-level fusion , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[248]  Jie Zhou,et al.  A comparative study of combining multiple enrolled samples for fingerprint verification , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[249]  F. Taroni,et al.  Quantitative characterization of morphological polymorphism of handwritten characters loops. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[250]  R. B. Kennedy Preliminary Study on the Uniqueness of Barefoot Impressions , 1996 .

[251]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  A workshop approach to improving the understanding of the significance of fibres evidence , 1993 .

[252]  Brian Dalrymple,et al.  Optimized Digital Recording of Crime Scene Impressions , 2002 .

[253]  Douglas A. Reynolds,et al.  Person authentication by voice: a need for caution , 2003, INTERSPEECH.

[254]  Charles E. H. Berger,et al.  Color Separation in Forensic Image Processing , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[255]  F. Alonso-Fernandez,et al.  Comparison of fingerprint quality measures using an optical and a capacitive sensor , 2007, 2007 First IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems.

[256]  D. Loesch Quantitative Dermatoglyphics: Classification, Genetics, and Pathology , 1983 .

[257]  S. Lewis,et al.  Processes involved in the development of latent fingerprints using the cyanoacrylate fuming method. , 2001, Journal of forensic sciences.

[258]  J H Wegstein,et al.  The LX39 latent fingerprint matcher , 1978 .

[259]  C. Lennard,et al.  Synthesis of Ninhydrin Analogues and Their Application to Fingerprint Development: Preliminary Results , 1986 .

[260]  L. Lytle,et al.  Chemiluminescence in the visualization of forensic bloodstains. , 1978, Journal of forensic sciences.

[261]  I A J McKie There's nane ever fear'd that the truth should be heard but they whom the truth would indite. , 2003, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[262]  Norman Fenton,et al.  The "Jury Observation Fallacy" and the use of Bayesian Networks to present Probabilistic Legal Arguments , 2007 .

[263]  Craig I. Watson,et al.  Neural Network Fingerprint Classification , 1994 .

[264]  Gareth P Campbell,et al.  The interpretation of elemental composition measurements from forensic glass evidence III. , 1997, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[265]  J. Wigmore The principles of judicial proof as given by logic, psychology, and general experience, and illustrated in judicial trials , 1988 .

[266]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  Fingerprint Quality Assessment , 2004 .

[267]  J. A. Larson Single fingerprint system , 1923 .

[268]  B. Budowle,et al.  STR data for the 13 CODIS loci in Singapore Malays. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[269]  D. Juberg,et al.  Dermatoglyphics of hyperactive males. , 1982, American journal of physical anthropology.

[270]  Thomas Kubic Review of: Criminalistics: An Introduction to Forensic Science, 9th edition , 2007 .

[271]  Anni Cai,et al.  Fingerprint matching using ridges , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[272]  C. Lennard New amino acid specific fingerprint reagents , 1986 .

[273]  W. F. Lever,et al.  The ultrastructure of the skin of human embryos. IV. The epidermis. , 1966, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[274]  R. Koons,et al.  Interpretation of glass composition measurements: the effects of match criteria on discrimination capability. , 2002, Journal of forensic sciences.

[275]  C. G. G. Aitken,et al.  Interpretation of Evidence, and Sample Size Determination , 2000 .

[276]  D. P. Gallogly,et al.  Computational analyses in cognitive neuroscience: In defense of biological implausibility , 1999, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[277]  Fred L. Bookstein,et al.  Principal Warps: Thin-Plate Splines and the Decomposition of Deformations , 1989, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[278]  E R Menzel,et al.  Laser detection of latent fingerprints--treatment with fluorescers. , 1979, Journal of forensic sciences.

[279]  Arun Ross,et al.  An introduction to biometric recognition , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology.

[280]  B. L. Browning,et al.  Analysis of Paper , 1969 .

[281]  E. T. Jaynes,et al.  Probability Theory as Logic , 1990 .

[282]  Marcos Faundez-Zanuy Technological evaluation of two AFIS systems , 2005, IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine.

[283]  R. MacCoun,et al.  Biases in the interpretation and use of research results. , 1998, Annual review of psychology.

[284]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Face recognition using eigenfaces , 1991, Proceedings. 1991 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[285]  A. Zelickson Ultrastructure of Normal and Abnormal Skin , 1967 .

[286]  R Winstanley Recovery of latent fingerprints from difficult surfaces by an X-ray method. , 1978, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[287]  Charles L. Wilson,et al.  Matching Performance for the US-Visit IDENT System Using Flat Fingerprints , 2004 .

[288]  D.C.D. Hung,et al.  Enhancement and feature purification of fingerprint images , 1993, Pattern Recognit..

[289]  D. Kaye Statistical Significance and the Burden of Persuasion , 1983 .

[290]  Jiankun Hu,et al.  Enhanced gradient-based algorithm for the estimation of fingerprint orientation fields , 2007, Appl. Math. Comput..

[291]  D. Lindley The Philosophy of Statistics , 2000 .

[292]  Louis Vuurpijl,et al.  The WANDA Measurement Tool for Forensic Document Examination , 2003 .

[293]  Arun Ross,et al.  Fingerprint Deformation Models Using Minutiae Locations and Orientations , 2005, 2005 Seventh IEEE Workshops on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 1.

[294]  H. Menz,et al.  The measurement of gait parameters from footprints , 1995 .

[295]  Pauli Kuosmanen,et al.  Fingerprint Image Enhancement Based on Second Directional Derivative of the Digital Image , 2002, EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process..

[296]  Jan De Kinder,et al.  Reference ballistic imaging database performance. , 2004, Forensic science international.

[297]  Wonchan Kim,et al.  A 600-dpi capacitive fingerprint sensor chip and image-synthesis technique , 1999, IEEE J. Solid State Circuits.

[298]  J. R. Morris,et al.  NFN - An Improved Ninhydrin Reagent for Detection of Latent Fingerprints , 1974 .

[299]  W. Poewe,et al.  Ninhydrin sweat test: A simple method for detecting antibodies neutralizing botulinum toxin type A , 2004, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[300]  P. Vanezis,et al.  Exploratory study on classification and individualisation of earprints. , 2004, Forensic science international.

[301]  A. Alpérovitch,et al.  Dermatoglyphic patterns in dementia of the Alzheimer type: a case-control study. , 1992, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

[302]  Chih-Lung Lin,et al.  Palmprint verification using hierarchical decomposition , 2005, Pattern Recognit..

[303]  Nicole M. Scott,et al.  Characterization of Dermatoglyphics in PHOX2B-Confirmed Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome , 2006, Pediatrics.

[304]  I W Evett,et al.  An investigation of the feasibility of inferring ethnic origin from DNA profiles. , 1992, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[305]  H. Meinhardt Models of biological pattern formation , 1982 .

[306]  Colin Aitken,et al.  Probabilistic reasoning in evidential assessment , 1989 .

[307]  Mohamed Aissani,et al.  Fingerprint matching from minutiae texture maps , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[309]  I Dror Technology and human expertise: Some do’s and don’ts , 2005 .

[310]  R. Cook,et al.  The significance of finding extraneous fibres in contact cases , 1986 .

[311]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  An identity-authentication system using fingerprints , 1997, Proc. IEEE.

[312]  Johannes Peltola,et al.  Soft biometrics - combining body weight and fat measurements with fingerprint biometrics , 2006, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[313]  G. Miskelly,et al.  Interference of Ninhydrin Pretreatment on Leuco Crystal Violet Visualization of Bloodstains , 2001 .

[314]  J. W. Macarthur,et al.  FINGER, PALM AND SOLE PRINTS OF MONOZYGOTIC QUADRUPLETS , 1937 .

[315]  S. Bramble SEPARATION OF LATENT FINGERMARK RESIDUE BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY , 1995 .

[316]  D. Kaye Revisiting Dreyfus: A More Complete Account of a Trial by Mathematics , 2006 .

[317]  J W Brackett,et al.  A study of idealized striated marks and their comparisons using models. , 1970, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[318]  D. Loesch Genetics of dermatoglyphic patterns on palms , 1971, Annals of human genetics.

[319]  J. A. Zoro Observations on the backward fragmentation of float glass , 1983 .

[320]  W. Vernon The development and practice of forensic podiatry. , 2006, Journal of clinical forensic medicine.

[321]  Lucien Amy Valeur de la preuve en dactyloscopie , 1946 .

[322]  D. Mulyono,et al.  A study of finger vein biometric for personal identification , 2008, 2008 International Symposium on Biometrics and Security Technologies.

[323]  Reid Simmons,et al.  Second generation expert systems: a step forward in knowledge engineering , 1993 .

[324]  Balázs Kégl,et al.  Image denoising with complex ridgelets , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[325]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Automated Fingerprint Identification and Imaging Systems , 2001 .

[326]  Francis Galton,et al.  Memories of My Life , 1910 .

[327]  Robert Rosenthal,et al.  Meta‐analytically Quantifying the Reliability and Biasability of Forensic Experts , 2008, Journal of forensic sciences.

[328]  M. Tarr,et al.  Training ‘greeble’ experts: a framework for studying expert object recognition processes , 1998, Vision Research.

[329]  R. M. Hooper,et al.  The use of near-infrared spectroscopy for the cure monitoring of an ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive , 2006 .

[330]  C H Daly,et al.  Age-related changes in the mechanical properties of human skin. , 1979, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[331]  Mineo Yoshino,et al.  A Japanese computer-assisted facial identification system successfully identifies non-Japanese faces. , 2003, Forensic science international.

[332]  T. Bohan,et al.  Ten years after Daubert: the status of the states. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[333]  Kathryn B. Laskey,et al.  Computational Inference for Evidential Reasoning in Support of Judicial Proof , 2002 .

[334]  David H. Kaye,et al.  Questioning a Courtroom Proof of the Uniqueness of Fingerprints , 2003 .

[335]  L. V. Beek,et al.  Principles of PD Recording Systems and their Use in Photofabrication , 1971 .

[336]  B. D. Gaudette Strong Negative Conclusions in Hair Comparison—A Rare Event , 1985 .

[337]  J. Daugman,et al.  Epigenetic randomness, complexity and singularity of human iris patterns , 2001, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[338]  Michael C. Grieve,et al.  Transfer experiments with acrylic fibres , 1989 .

[339]  Hartmut Kieckhoefer,et al.  Interoperator Test for Anatomical Annotation of Earprints , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[340]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  The interpretation of glass evidence. A practical approach , 1990 .

[341]  F. Mosteller,et al.  A Conversation about Collins , 1974 .

[342]  P. Rosenbaum,et al.  How a Court Accepted an Impossible Explanation , 1994 .

[343]  C. Lennard,et al.  Use of a gaseous electrical discharge to induce luminescence in latent fingerprints , 1990 .

[344]  Alan Julian Izenman,et al.  Assessing the Statistical Evidence in the Shonubi Case , 2000 .

[345]  David Howitt,et al.  A Calculation of the Theoretical Significance of Matched Bullets , 2008, Journal of forensic sciences.

[346]  Alessandra Lumini,et al.  Fingerprint Classification by Directional Image Partitioning , 1999, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[347]  The Search for Certainty and the Uses of Probability , 1980 .

[348]  James O. Berger,et al.  Statistical Analysis and the Illusion of Objectivity , 1988 .

[349]  David Zhang Biometric solutions : for authentication in an E-world , 2002 .

[350]  Jie Tian,et al.  Fingerprint enhancement with dyadic scale-space , 2004, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[352]  S B Holt,et al.  The significance of dermatoglyphics in medicine. A short survey and summary. , 1973, Clinical pediatrics.

[353]  J. Almog,et al.  Genipin, a novel fingerprint reagent with colorimetric and fluorogenic activity, part II: optimization, scope and limitations. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[354]  D. Exline,et al.  Frequency of pubic hair transfer during sexual intercourse. , 1998, Journal of forensic sciences.

[355]  Adam J. Freeman,et al.  Seven hundred seventy eight bite marks: analysis by anatomic location, victim and biter demographics, type of crime, and legal disposition. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[356]  Katie M. Horsman,et al.  Chemical composition of fingerprints for gender determination. , 2002, Journal of forensic sciences.

[357]  C. Aitken,et al.  A Two‐Level Model for Evidence Evaluation , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[358]  Jun Zhou,et al.  A face and fingerprint identity authentication system based on multi-route detection , 2007, Neurocomputing.

[359]  David Lindley Scoring rules and the inevitability of probability , 1982 .

[360]  Ruth K. Freinkel,et al.  The Biology of the Skin , 2001 .

[361]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Hiding Biometric Data , 2003, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[362]  Ward Edwards,et al.  Bayesian statistical inference for psychological research. , 1963 .

[363]  C. Aitken Conference Report: Statistics and the Law , 1993 .

[364]  L. A. Goodman On Simultaneous Confidence Intervals for Multinomial Proportions , 1965 .

[365]  Siomon A. Cole,et al.  More than Zero: Accounting for Error in Latent Fingerprint Identification , 2007 .

[366]  John Daugman,et al.  Face and Gesture Recognition: Overview , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[367]  D. Loesch The contributions of L. S. Penrose to dermatoglyphics. , 2008, Journal of mental deficiency research.

[368]  Henry C. Lee,et al.  Advances in Fingerprint Technology , 1991 .

[369]  B. Dosher,et al.  Mechanisms of perceptual learning , 1999, Vision Research.

[370]  Roger Cook,et al.  A Fiber Data Collection for Forensic Scientists???Collection and Examination Methods , 1987 .

[371]  William Montagna,et al.  Atlas of Normal Human Skin , 1992, Springer New York.

[372]  A. Berti,et al.  Forensic application of the luminol reaction as a presumptive test for latent blood detection. , 2007, Talanta.

[373]  K. G. Wiggins,et al.  The evidential value of fabric car seats and car seat covers , 1987 .

[374]  Riccardo Rovatti,et al.  Fingerprint ridge distance computation methodologies , 2000, Pattern Recognit..

[375]  Z. Kunda,et al.  The case for motivated reasoning. , 1990, Psychological bulletin.

[376]  C. Lennard,et al.  Forensic applications of infrared chemical imaging: multi-layered paint chips. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[377]  Satoshi Hoshino,et al.  Impact of artificial "gummy" fingers on fingerprint systems , 2002, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[378]  B. Wilshire,et al.  Obliteration of Latent Fingerprints , 1991 .

[379]  M. Joullié,et al.  The development of novel ninhydrin analogues. , 2005, Chemical Society reviews.

[380]  P. Nambiar,et al.  Anatomical variability of the frontal sinuses and their application in forensic identification , 1999, Clinical anatomy.

[381]  I. Evett,et al.  The refractive index distribution of control glass samples examined by the Forensic Science Laboratories in the United Kingdom , 1984 .

[382]  F Taroni,et al.  The evaluation of evidence in the forensic investigation of fire incidents. Part II. Practical examples of the use of Bayesian networks. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[383]  J K Brown,et al.  Post firing visualisation of fingerprint on spent cartridge cases. , 1996, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[384]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Combining multiple matchers for a high security fingerprint verification system , 1999, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[386]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  Where the Rubber Meets the Road: Thinking About Expert Evidence as Expert Testimony , 2007 .

[387]  T. Fogle Using Dermatoglyphics from Down Syndrome and Class Populations to Study the Genetics of a Complex Trait , 1990 .

[388]  Helen C. Shen,et al.  Personal authentication using hand images , 2006, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[389]  Daniel Kahneman,et al.  Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability , 1973 .

[390]  Pierre Margot,et al.  A CHRONOLOGICAL REVIEW OF FINGERPRINT FORGERY , 1999 .

[391]  Jennifer L. Mnookin Fingerprint Evidence in an Age of DNA Profiling , 2001 .

[392]  Christophe Champod,et al.  Fingermark detection based on the in situ growth of luminescent nanoparticles--towards a new generation of multimetal deposition. , 2008, Forensic science international.

[393]  T. Sun,et al.  Epidermal stem cells. , 1983, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[394]  Charles L. Wilson,et al.  Studies of Plain-to-Rolled Fingerprint Matching Using the NIST Algorithmic Test Bed (ATB) , 2004 .

[395]  D. Crown The Development of Latent Fingerprints with Ninhydrin , 1969 .

[396]  C Ginzburg,et al.  Morelli, Freud and Sherlock Holmes: clues and scientific method. , 1980, History workshop.

[397]  F. M. Kerr,et al.  A small particle (iron oxide) suspension for detection of latent fingerprints on smooth surfaces , 1989 .

[398]  C. Plato,et al.  The dermatoglyphics of American Negroes. , 1975, American journal of physical anthropology.

[399]  Bruce A. Schrader,et al.  A Comparison of Animal Jaws and Bite Mark Patterns * , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[400]  Atsuhiko Banno,et al.  Estimation of bullet striation similarity using neural networks. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[401]  R. Chakraborty,et al.  The role of heredity and environment on dermatoglyphic traits. , 1991, Birth defects original article series.

[402]  Babler Wj Embryologic development of epidermal ridges and their configurations. , 1991 .

[403]  Differentiation of black gel inks using optical and chemical techniques. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[404]  C Roux,et al.  Vacuum metal deposition: factors affecting normal and reverse development of latent fingerprints on polyethylene substrates. , 2001, Forensic science international.

[405]  A E Wiggett,et al.  Forensic Science Society spring meeting 2002. Intelligence. , 2003, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[406]  R. Cook,et al.  The significance of fibres found on car seats , 1986 .

[407]  B. Dixon Identifying bite marks. , 2006, The Lancet. Infectious diseases.

[408]  B. D. Gaudette,et al.  An attempt at determining probabilities in human scalp hair comparison. , 1974, Journal of forensic sciences.

[409]  P. L. Kirk,et al.  The Ontogeny of Criminalistics , 1963 .

[410]  Carl J. Pacini,et al.  Identity theft: the US legal environment and organisations’ related responsibilities , 2005 .

[411]  P. Groscurth Anatomy of sweat glands. , 2002, Current problems in dermatology.

[412]  K. Holbrook,et al.  Morphometric and statistical analyses describing the In utero growth of human epidermis , 1988, The Anatomical Record.

[413]  James L. Wayman Digital signal processing in biometric identification: a review , 2002, Proceedings. International Conference on Image Processing.

[414]  Ahmed Bouridane,et al.  Application of fractals to the detection and classification of shoeprints , 2000, Proceedings 2000 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.00CH37101).

[415]  Yanmin Niu,et al.  Definition and extraction of stable points from fingerprint images , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[416]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Avoiding the transposed conditional , 1995 .

[417]  I. W. Evett,et al.  Towards a uniform framework for reporting opinions in forensic science casework , 1998 .

[418]  William J. Bodziak,et al.  Footwear impression evidence , 1990 .

[419]  B. Flaxman,et al.  Communication between normal human epidermal cells in vitro. , 1972, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[420]  Tomomasa Sato,et al.  Dynamic footprint‐based person recognition method using a hidden markov model and a neural network , 2004, Int. J. Intell. Syst..

[421]  G. Wells,et al.  Acanthosis palmaris: tripe palms , 1980, Clinical and experimental dermatology.

[422]  Sarah B. Holt,et al.  The genetics of dermal ridges , 1968 .

[423]  Michael J. Saks,et al.  Check Your Crystal Ball at the Courthouse Door, Please: Exploring the Past, Understanding the Present, and Worrying About the Future of Scientific Evidence , 1994 .

[424]  Rong Wang,et al.  Predicting fingerprint biometrics performance from a small gallery , 2007, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[425]  C. Aitken,et al.  Estimation of Quantities of Drugs Handled and the Burden of Proof , 1997 .

[426]  D. Kaye Proof in Law and Science , 1992 .

[427]  Living with Two Different Fingerprints: Legal Implications and Identification Issues , 2007 .

[428]  Claude Roux,et al.  The development of latent fingerprints on polymer banknotes , 2003 .

[429]  S. Holt The hypothenar radial arch, a genetically determined epidermal ridge configuration. , 2005, American journal of physical anthropology.

[430]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Matching of dental X-ray images for human identification , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[431]  M. Drahansky,et al.  Liveness Detection based on Fine Movements of the Fingertip Surface , 2006, 2006 IEEE Information Assurance Workshop.

[432]  E. Roland Menzel,et al.  Spectroscopy of Rare Earth-Ruhemann's Purple Complexes , 1993 .

[433]  P Tissier,et al.  A 'cyanoacrylate case' for developing fingerprints in cars. , 1999, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[434]  John W Bond,et al.  Visualization of Latent Fingerprint Corrosion of Metallic Surfaces , 2008, Journal of forensic sciences.

[435]  T. I. Quickenden,et al.  Attempted cleaning of bloodstains and its effect on the forensic luminol test. , 2005, Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence.

[436]  J. Caldwell,et al.  Luminescent visualization of latent fingerprints by direct reaction with a lanthanide shift reagent. , 2001, Journal of forensic sciences.

[437]  P. Lamothe,et al.  Influence of acidity on the reaction of ninhydrin with amino acids. , 1972, Analytical chemistry.

[438]  F Taroni,et al.  Decision theoretic properties of forensic identification: underlying logic and argumentative implications. , 2008, Forensic science international.

[439]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Flawed Reasoning in Court , 1991 .

[440]  John Daugman How iris recognition works , 2004 .

[441]  D. Lepik,et al.  Comparison of injuries caused by the pistols Tokarev, Makarov and Glock 19 at firing distances of 25, 50, 75 and 100 cm. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[442]  Gerald M LaPorte The use of an electrostatic detection device to identify individual and class characteristics on documents produced by printers and copiers--a preliminary study. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[443]  J. Christian,et al.  Application of the major gene index and offspring-between-parents function to dermatoglyphic fingertip variables. , 1981, American journal of human genetics.

[444]  B. Munger,et al.  The differentiation of the skin and its appendages. I. Normal development of papillary ridges , 1992, The Anatomical record.

[445]  H. Cummins Dermatoglyphics in Indians of southern Mexico and Central America , 1930 .

[446]  N. Speers,et al.  Vacuum metal deposition: visualisation of gold agglomerates using TEM imaging. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[447]  R. Koons,et al.  The Forensic Significance of Glass Composition and Refractive Index Measurements , 1999 .

[448]  Hajime Utsuno,et al.  Preliminary study of post mortem identification using lip prints. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[449]  Mohamed Abdel-Mottaleb,et al.  A content-based system for human identification based on bitewing dental X-ray images , 2005, Pattern Recognit..

[450]  Azriel Rosenfeld,et al.  Face recognition: A literature survey , 2003, CSUR.

[451]  C. S. Jamison Palmar dermatoglyphics of dyslexia. , 1988, American journal of physical anthropology.

[452]  Man's hand in evolution. , 1992, Journal of hand surgery.

[453]  Christophe Champod Fingerprint examination: towards more transparency , 2007 .

[454]  I. Evett,et al.  A hierarchy of propositions: deciding which level to address in casework , 1998 .

[455]  T. I. Quickenden,et al.  A comparison of the presumptive luminol test for blood with four non-chemiluminescent forensic techniques. , 2006, Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence.

[456]  J. Verkouteren,et al.  Particle Characteristics of Trace High Explosives: RDX and PETN * , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[457]  F Taroni,et al.  Bayesian networks and probabilistic reasoning about scientific evidence when there is a lack of data. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[458]  Pinchas Bergman,et al.  Probability Analysis and the Evidential Value of Bolt Arrangements , 1988 .

[459]  Paola Campadelli,et al.  A face recognition system based on automatically determined facial fiducial points , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[460]  Sushil Jajodia,et al.  Temporal Databases: Theory, Design, and Implementation , 1993 .

[461]  P. L. Kirk,et al.  Glass Fragments as Evidence: A Comparative Study of Physical Properties , 1943 .

[462]  Development of latent fingerprints using a corona discharge. , 1997, Journal of forensic sciences.

[463]  Mineo Yoshino,et al.  Individual identification of disguised faces by morphometrical matching. , 2002, Forensic science international.

[464]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  On meaningful questions: a two-trace transfer problem , 1987 .

[465]  Robert B Brannon,et al.  The USS Iowa disaster: success of the forensic dental team. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[466]  Michael C. Bromby,et al.  Face Value: The Entwined Histories of Money and Race in America , 2012 .

[467]  J A Lambert,et al.  The impact of the principles of evidence interpretation on the structure and content of statements. , 2000, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[468]  Neal Feigenson,et al.  New Visual Technologies in Court: Directions for Research , 2003, Law and human behavior.

[469]  David H. Kaye The Probability of an Ultimate Issue: The Strange Cases of Paternity Testing , 1989 .

[470]  金出 武雄,et al.  Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication : 5th International Conference, AVBPA 2005, Hilton Rye Town, NY, USA, July 20-22, 2005. Proceedings , 2005 .

[471]  Stella Martin-de las Heras,et al.  Computer-based production of comparison overlays from 3D-scanned dental casts for bite mark analysis. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[472]  Christopher M. Brislawn,et al.  FBI compression standard for digitized fingerprint images , 1996, Optics & Photonics.

[473]  F. Jacob.,et al.  KERATOSIS PALMARIS ET PLANTARIS IN FIVE GENERATIONS , 1905, British medical journal.

[474]  James M Curran,et al.  What is the magnitude of the subpopulation effect? , 2003, Forensic science international.

[475]  W D Haglund,et al.  A technique to enhance fingerprinting of mummified fingers. , 1988, Journal of forensic sciences.

[476]  G.R. Doddington,et al.  Speaker recognition—Identifying people by their voices , 1985, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[477]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Automatic personal identification using fingerprints , 1998 .

[478]  J. R. Simms,et al.  Use of Acidified Hydrogen Peroxide to Remove Excess Gun Blue from Gun Blue-Treated Cartridge Cases and to Develop Latent Prints on Untreated Cartridge Cases , 1998 .

[479]  M. Arrieta Dermatoglyphic analysis of autistic Basque children. , 1991, American journal of medical genetics.

[480]  J. Almog,et al.  Chemical development of latent fingerprints: 1,2-indanedione has come of age. , 2001, Journal of forensic sciences.

[481]  I. Good Good Thinking: The Foundations of Probability and Its Applications , 1983 .

[482]  J. Almog,et al.  5-Methylthio Ninhydrin and Related Compounds: A Novel Class of Fluorogenic Fingerprint Reagents , 1992 .

[483]  Che-Yen Wen,et al.  Fingerprint pattern restoration by digital image processing techniques. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[484]  O P Jasuja,et al.  Estimation of stature from foot and shoe measurements by multiplication factors: a revised attempt. , 1991, Forensic science international.

[485]  S. Cowin,et al.  The structure of tissues , 2007 .

[486]  C Champod,et al.  Bayesian framework for the evaluation of fibre transfer evidence. , 1997, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[487]  Naoto Miura,et al.  Feature extraction of finger vein patterns based on iterative line tracking and its application to personal identification , 2004 .

[488]  Amy L Michaud,et al.  A method for impregnating nylon transfer membranes with leucocrystal violet for enhancing and lifting bloody impressions. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[489]  Anand Rangarajan,et al.  A new point matching algorithm for non-rigid registration , 2003, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[490]  M. Schervish,et al.  Bayes Factors: What They are and What They are Not , 1999 .

[491]  A. R. Hale,et al.  Morphogenesis of volar skin in the human fetus. , 1952, The American journal of anatomy.

[492]  Kirk Pl,et al.  EVIDENCE EVALUATION AND PROBLEMS IN GENERAL CRIMINALISTICS. , 1964 .

[493]  R. Kuppuswamy,et al.  Restoration of engraved marks on steel surfaces by etching technique. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[494]  Lianhong Cai,et al.  Fingerprint matching based on weighting method and the SVM , 2007, Neurocomputing.

[495]  En Zhu,et al.  A systematic method for fingerprint ridge orientation estimation and image segmentation , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[496]  M. Rashad,et al.  Genetic parameters of dermal patterns of ridge counts. , 1975, Human Heredity.

[497]  C. Plato,et al.  Developmental Aspects of Human Palmar, Plantar, and Digital Flexion Creases , 1990 .

[499]  Stephen E. Fienberg,et al.  The Presentation of Bayesian Statistical Analyses in Legal Proceedings , 1983 .

[500]  Colin Aitken,et al.  Estimation of the bayes' factor in a forensic science problem , 1989 .

[502]  Niamh Nic Daeid,et al.  Recovery of fingerprints from arson scenes: Part 1 - Latent fingerprints , 2008 .

[503]  C Champod,et al.  A statistical study of air bubbles on athletic shoesoles. , 2000, Forensic science international.

[504]  Frances L. Krouse Effects of pose, pose change, and delay on face recognition performance. , 1981 .

[505]  D. Kaye,et al.  The Numbers Game: Statistical Inference in Discrimination Cases , 1982 .

[506]  S. Bramble,et al.  Separation of visibly-excited fluorescent components in fingerprint residue by thin-layer chromatography. , 2000, Journal of forensic sciences.

[507]  A R Brownlie,et al.  Does justice require less precision than chemistry? , 1997, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[508]  J. Kanitakis,et al.  Anatomy, histology and immunohistochemistry of normal human skin. , 2002, European journal of dermatology : EJD.

[509]  Richard P. Wildes,et al.  Iris recognition: an emerging biometric technology , 1997, Proc. IEEE.

[510]  Xinghuo Yu,et al.  Fingerprint images encryption via multi-scroll chaotic attractors , 2007, Appl. Math. Comput..

[511]  Qiang Shen,et al.  The evaluation of evidence for exponentially distributed data , 2007, Comput. Stat. Data Anal..

[512]  Roger W. Byard,et al.  The Forensic and Cultural Implications of Tattooing , 2009 .

[513]  Pedro F. Felzenszwalb Representation and detection of shapes in images , 2003 .

[514]  I W Evett,et al.  An illustration of the advantages of efficient statistical methods for RFLP analysis in forensic science. , 1993, American journal of human genetics.

[515]  David Zhang,et al.  A study of identical twins' palmprints for personal verification , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[516]  Anthony C. Davison,et al.  Bootstrap Methods and Their Application , 1998 .

[517]  J. D. James,et al.  Magnetic Flake Powders for Fingerprint Development , 1993 .

[518]  E. Buse,et al.  The effect of sampling error and measurement error and its correlation on the estimation of multi-locus fixed-bin VNTR RFLP genotype probabilities. , 1997, Journal of forensic sciences.

[519]  H. Bernitz,et al.  A Technique to Capture, Analyze, and Quantify Anterior Teeth Rotations for Application in Court Cases Involving Tooth Marks , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[520]  Hitoshi Biwasaka,et al.  The applicability of holography in forensic identification: a fusion of the traditional optical technique and digital technique. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[521]  M. Houck Inter-comparison of unrelated fiber evidence. , 2003, Forensic science international.

[522]  J Almog,et al.  Short UV luminescence for forensic applications: design of a real-time observation system for detection of latent fingerprints and body fluids. , 1998, Journal of forensic sciences.

[523]  Laura Hugh Comparison analysis of the efficiency of different treatments for latent fingerprint development , 2005 .

[524]  Philip Ball,et al.  The Self-Made Tapestry: Pattern Formation in Nature , 1999 .

[525]  Koichi Kojima,et al.  Classification of fingerprint images using a neural network , 1992, Systems and Computers in Japan.

[526]  Weighing evidence: quantitative measures of the importance of bitemark evidence. , 2002, The Journal of forensic odonto-stomatology.

[527]  Kristian Dixon,et al.  Development of a finger printing device for use on a mobile robot. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[528]  Ian W. Evett A Quantitative Theory for Interpreting Transfer Evidence in Criminal Cases , 1984 .

[529]  Z. Borochowitz,et al.  CHANGES IN THE SYDNEY LINE DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE , 1983, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[530]  Vincent Fleury,et al.  About the equilibrium shape of fibred structures, and biological shapes. , 2004, Comptes rendus biologies.

[531]  Tao Lin,et al.  LIPID-SPECIFIC LATENT FINGERPRINT DETECTION : FINGERPRINTS ON CURRENCY , 1997 .

[532]  Libor Machala,et al.  Human eye iris recognition using the mutual information , 2004 .

[533]  M Okajima,et al.  Development of dermal ridges in the fetus. , 1975, Journal of medical genetics.

[534]  Miroslav Králík,et al.  Fingerprints on artifacts and historical items: examples andcomments , 2007 .

[535]  Charles R. Kingston,et al.  Applications of Probability Theory in Criminalistics , 1965 .

[536]  J H Wegstein,et al.  A semi-automated single fingerprint identification system , 1969 .

[537]  Itiel E. Dror Experts and technology: Do's & Don'ts , 2005 .

[538]  Stephen P. Kasper,et al.  Validating IND (1,2-Indanedione) , 2002 .

[539]  W. Herschel Skin Furrows of the Hand , 1880, Nature.

[540]  R. Koppl How to Improve Forensic Science , 2005 .

[541]  Menzel Er Pretreatment of Latent Prints for Laser Development. , 1989 .

[542]  H. Dar,et al.  Dermatoglyphic and Palmar‐crease Alterations as Indicators of Early Intra‐uterine Insult in Mental Retardation , 1983, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[543]  Arun Ross,et al.  Biometric template selection and update: a case study in fingerprints , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[544]  J. Adams,et al.  Digital subtraction techniques applied to analysis of footwear changes with time , 1995 .

[545]  Wladimir Wertelecki,et al.  Dermatoglyphics -- fifty years later. , 1979, Birth defects original article series.

[546]  Moving Towards Professionalization of Latent Print Examiners , 1979 .

[547]  Xinjian Chen,et al.  An algorithm for distorted fingerprint matching based on local triangle feature set , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security.

[548]  J M Curran,et al.  Combining a continuous Bayesian approach with grouping information. , 1998, Forensic science international.

[549]  J J Mulvihill,et al.  The genesis of dermatoglyphics. , 1969, The Journal of pediatrics.

[550]  Claude Roux,et al.  The computer-assisted identification of colour photocopiers , 1995 .

[551]  Peter Donnelly,et al.  Probability and Proof in State v. Skipper: An Internet Exchange , 1995 .

[552]  Lu Kh An information and discriminant analysis of fingerprint patterns pertaining to identification of mongolism and mental retardation. , 1968 .

[553]  Franco Taroni,et al.  Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists , 2004 .

[554]  David Zhang,et al.  Personal authentication using multiple palmprint representation , 2005, Pattern Recognit..

[555]  E. B. Mode Probability and Criminalistics , 1963 .

[556]  J S Buckleton,et al.  The fallacy of independence testing and the use of the product rule. , 2001, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[557]  C. Kuffner,et al.  Capillary electrophoresis and Daubert : Time for admission , 1996 .

[558]  Dermatoglyphic development and timing of maturation. , 1987, Human biology.

[559]  A. Dawid,et al.  The difficulty about conjunction , 1987 .

[560]  F. E. Grubbs Sample Criteria for Testing Outlying Observations , 1950 .

[561]  I. Evett,et al.  The nature of forensic science opinion--a possible framework to guide thinking and practice in investigations and in court proceedings. , 2006, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[562]  A. McDonagh,et al.  Investigation into the binding of gold nanoparticles to fingermarks using scanning electron microscopy , 2006 .

[563]  Nia Archer,et al.  Changes in the lipid composition of latent fingerprint residue with time after deposition on a surface. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[564]  H. Teulings,et al.  Axial pen force increases with processing demands in handwriting. , 1998, Acta psychologica.

[565]  C. Aitken,et al.  Sampling--how big a sample? , 1999, Journal of forensic sciences.

[566]  K. Krishan,et al.  Estimation of stature from dimensions of hands and feet in a North Indian population. , 2007, Journal of forensic and legal medicine.

[567]  I. W. Evett,et al.  Rule induction in forensic science , 1989 .

[568]  Michael C. Bromby To be Taken at Face Value? Computerised Identification , 2002 .

[569]  H J Weinreb,et al.  Fingerprint patterns in Alzheimer's disease. , 1985, Archives of neurology.

[570]  L.W.J. Boves,et al.  On decision making in forensic casework , 1999 .

[571]  Wei Xiong,et al.  Model-guided deformable hand shape recognition without positioning aids , 2005, Pattern Recognit..

[572]  Michael O. Finkelstein,et al.  A Bayesian Approach to Identification Evidence , 1970 .

[573]  M. Henneberg,et al.  The relationship of the number of Meissner's corpuscles to dermatoglyphic characters and finger size , 2001, Journal of anatomy.

[574]  J. Verbov HYPOHIDROTIC (OR ANHIDROTIC) ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA—AN APPRAISAL OF DIAGNOSTIC METHODS * , 1970, The British journal of dermatology.

[575]  K Hoffmann Statistical evaluation of the evidential value of human hairs possibly coming from multiple sources. , 1991, Journal of forensic sciences.

[576]  J S Buckleton,et al.  Setting bounds for the likelihood ratio when multiple hypotheses are postulated. , 1998, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[577]  L.U.O. Wanxiang,et al.  A study of the principle of the electrostatic imaging technique , 1988 .

[578]  B L Munger,et al.  The early embryogenesis of papillary (sweat duct) ridges in primate glabrous skin: The dermatotopic map of cutaneous mechanoreceptors and dermatoglyphics , 1986, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[579]  L. Cohen,et al.  On the psychology of prediction: Whose is the fallacy? , 1979, Cognition.

[580]  W. F. Lever,et al.  The ultrastructure of human embryo skin. II. The formation of intradermal portion of the eccrine sweat duct and of the secretory segment during the first half of embryonic life. , 1966, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[581]  Yi-Zeng Liang,et al.  Critical value determination on similarity of fingerprints , 2006 .

[582]  Krystyna Baniuk,et al.  Determination of age of fingerprints , 1990 .

[583]  H. Kobus,et al.  An evaluation of the reagent NBD chloride for the production of luminescent fingerprints on paper: I. Support for a xenon arc lamp being a cheaper and valuable alternative to an argon ion laser as an excitation source , 1983 .

[584]  A Richardson,et al.  The evidential value of the comparison of paint flakes from sources other than vehicles. , 1968, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[585]  D. Berry Bayesian clinical trials , 2006, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.

[586]  D. Fallis Mathematical Proof and the Reliability of DNA Evidence , 1996 .

[587]  I W Evett,et al.  Verbal conventions for handwriting opinions. , 2000, Journal of Forensic Sciences.

[588]  Gary Lucas,et al.  Monitoring the physical formation of earprints: Optical and pressure mapping evidence , 2006 .

[589]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  Comment on 'Scientific validation of fingerprint evidence under Daubert' , 2007 .

[590]  Mayer Aladjem,et al.  Fingerprint Image Enhancement using Filtering Techniques , 2002, Real Time Imaging.

[591]  B Black,et al.  Evolving legal standards for the admissibility of scientific evidence. , 1988, Science.

[592]  W. R. Garner,et al.  Interaction of stimulus dimensions in concept and choice processes , 1976, Cognitive Psychology.

[593]  J.H.A.M. Grijpink,et al.  Biometrics and identity fraud protection: Two barriers to realizing the benefits of biometrics - A chain perspective on biometrics, and identity fraud - Part II , 2005, Comput. Law Secur. Rev..

[594]  Jacques Mathyer,et al.  The Expert Examination of Signatures , 1961 .

[595]  Xiaoou Tang,et al.  Preprocessing and postprocessing for skeleton-based fingerprint minutiae extraction , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[596]  Michal Choras,et al.  Ear Biometrics Based on Geometrical Feature Extraction , 2005, Progress in Computer Vision and Image Analysis.

[597]  L. Jonathan Cohen The Role of Evidential Weight in Criminal Proof , 1988 .

[598]  N Rudin,et al.  The origin of evidence. , 2002, Forensic science international.

[599]  D. Kaye The Current State of Bullet-Lead Evidence , 2006 .

[600]  D. Lindley A STATISTICAL PARADOX , 1957 .

[601]  I. Dagher,et al.  Ridge directional singular points for fingerprint recognition and matching , 2006 .

[602]  M. Wallace,et al.  Effect of 1,2-indanedione on PCR-STR typing of fingerprints deposited on thermal and carbonless paper. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[603]  Xinjian Chen,et al.  A new algorithm for distorted fingerprints matching based on normalized fuzzy similarity measure , 2006, IEEE Trans. Image Process..

[604]  David H. Kaye,et al.  Can Jurors Understand Probabilistic Evidence , 1991 .

[605]  J. Campbell,et al.  Neonatal skin disorders: a review of selected dermatologic abnormalities. , 2000, The Journal of perinatal & neonatal nursing.

[606]  Sa Mathieson Fingerprint biometrics — lessons from Belgium , 2005 .

[607]  K. Godfrey,et al.  Disproportionate fetal growth and fingerprint patterns , 1998, British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[608]  S. Shuster,et al.  Dermatoglyphics in Darier's disease , 1997, The British journal of dermatology.

[609]  D. Schum,et al.  A Probabilistic Analysis of the Sacco and Vanzetti Evidence , 1996 .

[610]  Gaurav Gupta,et al.  Paradigm shift in document related frauds: Characteristics identification for development of a non-destructive automated system for printed documents , 2006, Digit. Investig..

[611]  Y Migron,et al.  Visualization of sebaceous fingerprints on fired cartridge cases: a laboratory study. , 1998, Journal of forensic sciences.

[612]  R. Lavker,et al.  Structural alterations in exposed and unexposed aged skin. , 1979, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[613]  J H Wegstein,et al.  The M40 fingerprint matcher , 1975 .

[614]  Po-Whei Huang,et al.  A hierarchical digital watermarking method for image tamper detection and recovery , 2005, Pattern Recognit..

[615]  Finn Verner Jensen,et al.  Introduction to Bayesian Networks , 2008, Innovations in Bayesian Networks.

[616]  Be Dalrymple,et al.  Computer Enhancement of Evidence Through Background Noise Suppression , 1994 .

[617]  The longevity of the latent fingerprints of children vs adults , 2001 .

[618]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  What Counts for Identity? The Historical Origins of the Methodology of Latent Fingerprint Identification , 1999, Science in Context.

[619]  Y. Hamamoto,et al.  A Gabor filter-based method for fingerprint identification , 2000 .

[620]  Pierre Baylou,et al.  A new adaptive framework for unbiased orientation estimation in textured images , 2005, Pattern Recognit..

[621]  D A Jones,et al.  Blood samples: probability of discrimination. , 1972, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[622]  P. R. De Forest,et al.  Recapturing the essence of criminalistics. , 1999 .

[623]  K. Hashimoto The ultrastructure of the skin of human embryos. X. Merkel tactile cells in the finger and nail. , 1972, Journal of anatomy.

[624]  Sabih H. Gerez,et al.  Fingerprint matching by thin-plate spline modelling of elastic deformations , 2003, Pattern Recognit..

[625]  J. Balažic,et al.  Fingerprint recovery from human skin surfaces. , 2007, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[626]  E. Moler,et al.  Fingerprint image enhancement by differential hysteresis processing. , 2004, Forensic science international.

[627]  R. Winkelmann,et al.  IgE in human eccrine sweat. , 1975, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[628]  H. H. Wilder PALM AND SOLE STUDIES: IX. THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE HYPOTHENAR OF THE HAND; A STUDY IN THE VARIATION AND DEGENERATION OF A TYPICAL PATTERN , 1916 .

[629]  B. Adams The diversity of adult dental patterns in the United States and the implications for personal identification. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[630]  Matthew J West,et al.  The spectroscopic detection of exogenous material in fingerprints after development with powders and recovery with adhesive lifters. , 2008, Forensic science international.

[631]  Pengfei Shi,et al.  Computerized Matching of Shoeprints Based on Sole Pattern , 2008, IWCF.

[632]  K. E. Creer,et al.  Ultraviolet luminescence from latent fingerprints. , 1993, Forensic science international.

[633]  Thomas W. Adair,et al.  Casting Two-Dimensional Bloody Shoe Prints from Concrete, Fabric, and Human Skin: A Review of Several Methods with Recommendations , 2005 .

[634]  E. Glanville HEREDITY AND LINE A OF PALMAR DERMATOGLYPHICS. , 1965, American journal of human genetics.

[635]  C. P. Bishop,et al.  A method for determining the age of a bloodstain. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[636]  C M Triggs,et al.  The two trace transfer problem re-examined. , 2003, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[637]  J. Miller Dermal ridge patterns: technique for their study in human fetuses. , 1968, The Journal of pediatrics.

[638]  Emily L. Sherwin,et al.  A Comparative View of Standards of Proof , 2002 .

[639]  Peter Vanezis,et al.  Failure of Anthropometry as a Facial Identification Technique Using High‐Quality Photographs * , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[640]  Adnan Amin,et al.  Fingerprint verification based on minutiae features: a review , 2004, Pattern Analysis and Applications.

[641]  Andrew Beng Jin Teoh,et al.  An automated palmprint recognition system , 2005, Image Vis. Comput..

[642]  R. J. Davis,et al.  Feathering of footwear , 2000 .

[643]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  A Bayesian Approach to the Problem of Interpreting Glass Evidence in Forensic Science Casework , 1986 .

[644]  Zhongxu Hu,et al.  Computer vision for shoe upper profile measurement via upper and sole conformal matching , 2007 .

[645]  David L. Faigman Is Science Different for Lawyers? , 2002, Science.

[647]  Peter Morguet,et al.  Fingerprint Distortion Measurement , 2004, ECCV Workshop BioAW.

[648]  Mark S. Nixon,et al.  Probabilistic fusion of gait features for biometric verification , 2005, 2005 7th International Conference on Information Fusion.

[649]  Lyn Haber Experiential or scientific expertise , 2007 .

[650]  David Zhang,et al.  A combination model for orientation field of fingerprints , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[651]  W. Muntz,et al.  A calibrated gray scale for forensic ultraviolet photography. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[652]  Alan Chaikovsky,et al.  Deciphering indented impressions on plastic. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[653]  G. E. Laskowski,et al.  Barefoot impressions--a preliminary study of identification characteristics and population frequency of their morphological features. , 1988, Journal of forensic sciences.

[654]  Hans Meinhardt,et al.  Dynamics of stripe formation , 1995, Nature.

[655]  J.H.A.M. Grijpink Identity fraud as a challenge to the constitutional state , 2004, Comput. Law Secur. Rev..

[656]  S. Bramble,et al.  The effects of fingermark enhancement light sources on subsequent PCR-STR DNA analysis of fresh bloodstains. , 1997, Journal of forensic sciences.

[657]  A one-step fluorescent detection method for lipid fingerprints; Eu(TTA)3.2TOPO. , 1999, Forensic science international.

[658]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Dental Biometrics: Alignment and Matching of Dental Radiographs , 2005, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[659]  SARAH B. HOLT,et al.  GENETICS OF DERMAL RIDGES: THE RELATION BETWEEN TOTAL RIDGE‐COUNT AND THE VARIABILITY OF COUNTS FROM FINGER TO FINGER , 1958, Annals of human genetics.

[660]  Erik C. Berg,et al.  Legal Ramifications of Digital Imaging in Law Enforcement , 2000 .

[661]  Menzel Fingerprint Detection with Lasers , 1980 .

[662]  O. P. Jasuja,et al.  Poroscopy: A method of personal identification revisited , 2000 .

[663]  J. Almog,et al.  Fingerprints' third dimension: the depth and shape of fingerprints penetration into paper--cross section examination by fluorescence microscopy. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[664]  Ira S. Moskowitz,et al.  Composite signature based watermarking for fingerprint authentication , 2005, MM&Sec '05.

[665]  H. Morimura,et al.  A novel sensor cell architecture and sensing circuit scheme for capacitive fingerprint sensors , 2000, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[666]  W. Babler,et al.  Early prenatal attainment of adult metacarpal-phalangeal rankings and proportions. , 1975, American journal of physical anthropology.

[667]  Achilles Venetoulias,et al.  Monty Hall's Probability Puzzle , 1991 .

[668]  Richard Adderley,et al.  Use of data mining techniques to model crime scene investigator performance , 2007, Knowl. Based Syst..

[669]  Astrid Albrecht Biometrie zum Nutzen für Verbraucher? - Kriterien der Verbraucherfreundlichkeit biometrischer Verfahren , 2000, Datenschutz und Datensicherheit.

[670]  Jonathan J. Koehler The Probity-Policy Distinction in the Statistical Evidence Debate , 1991 .

[671]  Sudeep Sarkar,et al.  Comparison and Combination of Ear and Face Images in Appearance-Based Biometrics , 2003, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[672]  C.B.M. Kidd,et al.  The Transfer of Textile Fibres During Simulated Contacts , 1982 .

[673]  S. P. Day,et al.  The use of drum defects to link laser-printed documents to individual laser printers , 1994 .

[674]  D. Loesch,et al.  Directional and absolute asymmetry of digital ridge counts. , 1982, Acta anthropogenetica.

[675]  M. Bar-Hillel Probabilistic analysis in legal factfinding , 1984 .

[676]  Stephen M. Ojena A New Improved Technique for Casting Impressions in Snow , 1984 .

[677]  Itiel E Dror,et al.  Older Adults Use Mental Representations That Reduce Cognitive Load: Mental Rotation Utilizes Holistic Representations and Processing , 2005, Experimental aging research.

[678]  Niels da Vitoria Lobo,et al.  Age Classification from Facial Images , 1999, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[679]  M. Irmak,et al.  Human diversity, environmental adaptation and neural crest. , 1997, Medical hypotheses.

[680]  J. Miličić,et al.  Dermatoglyphs of digito-palmar complex in autistic disorder: family analysis. , 2003, Croatian medical journal.

[681]  Peter Coles From cosmos to chaos : the science of unpredictability , 2006 .

[682]  John Torpey,et al.  Documenting individual identity : the development of state practices in the modern world , 2001 .

[683]  J. Koehler,et al.  The Misquantification of Probative Value , 2003, Law and human behavior.

[684]  Marcello Chiarotti,et al.  Storage effects on ninhydrin-developed fingerprints enhanced by zinc complexation , 1995 .

[685]  D. A. Rudram,et al.  Interpretation of scientific evidence , 1996 .

[686]  M. E. Stewart,et al.  Variation in sebum fatty acid composition among adult humans. , 1984, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[687]  David Lindley,et al.  Probability and the Law , 1977 .

[688]  J. Murray,et al.  On the mechanical theory for biological pattern formation , 1993 .

[689]  K. Krishan Individualizing characteristics of footprints in Gujjars of North India--forensic aspects. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[690]  Jianjiang Feng,et al.  Combining minutiae descriptors for fingerprint matching , 2008, Pattern Recognit..

[691]  W. Edwards Summing Up: The Society of Bayesian Trial Lawyers , 1988 .

[692]  Roberto Brunelli,et al.  Person identification using multiple cues , 1995, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[693]  Charles L. Wilson,et al.  Nonparametric analysis of fingerprint data on large data sets , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[694]  Jun Kong,et al.  An Automatic Analysis System for Firearm Identification Based on Ballistics Projectile , 2004, Rough Sets and Current Trends in Computing.

[695]  J. Caldwell,et al.  ABTS: a safe alternative to DAB for the enhancement of blood fingerprints. , 2000, Journal of forensic sciences.

[696]  David H. Kaye,et al.  Reference Guide on Statistics , 2011 .

[697]  D. Lindley The 1988 Wald Memorial Lectures: The Present Position in Bayesian Statistics , 1990 .

[698]  R. Grigg,et al.  Cycloaddition reaction relevant to the mechanism of the ninhydrin reaction. X-Ray crystal structure of protonated Ruhemann's purple, a stable 1,3-dipole , 1986 .

[699]  Xiao-Yuan Jing,et al.  Face and palmprint feature level fusion for single sample biometrics recognition , 2007, Neurocomputing.

[700]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Bayesian Inference and Forensic Science: Problems and Perspectives , 1987 .

[701]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Some aspects of the Bayesian approach to evidence evaluation , 1989 .

[702]  Claude Roux,et al.  Forensic Examination of Fibres , 1992 .

[703]  David Zhang,et al.  Palm-line detection , 2005, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005.

[704]  Sung-Bae Cho,et al.  Adaptive fingerprint image enhancement with fingerprint image quality analysis , 2006, Image Vis. Comput..

[705]  MITCHELL TRAURING,et al.  Automatic Comparison of Finger-Ridge Patterns , 1963, Nature.

[706]  J Dankmeijer,et al.  Biological foundations for forensic identifications based on fingerprints. , 1980, Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica.

[707]  Michael Cherry,et al.  A Cautionary Note about FINGERPRINT ANALYSIS and Reliance on DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY , 2006 .

[708]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  On the similarity of identical twin fingerprints , 2002, Pattern Recognit..

[709]  Herbert L Blitzer,et al.  Forensic Digital Imaging and Photography , 2002 .

[710]  Siaw-Jan Yong Detection of latent fingerprints with cyanoacrylates : new techniques involving coloured and photoluminescent compounds , 1986 .

[711]  Emily Balcetis,et al.  See what you want to see: motivational influences on visual perception. , 2006, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[712]  Tony Gardner-Medwin,et al.  What probability should a jury address? , 2005 .

[713]  S. Kazarian,et al.  Detection of trace materials with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using a multi-channel detector. , 2006, The Analyst.

[714]  William W. Harper Fingerprint Forgery-- Transferred Latent Fingerprints , 1937 .

[715]  S L Lauritzen,et al.  Estimating mutation rates from paternity casework. , 2008, Forensic science international. Genetics.

[716]  The statistical interpretation of refractive index measurements , 1981 .

[717]  H. A. Walker A dermatoglyphic study of autistic patients , 1977, Journal of autism and childhood schizophrenia.

[718]  Mehmet Yaşar İşcan,et al.  Forensic analysis of the skull : craniofacial analysis, reconstruction, and identification , 1993 .

[719]  Franco Scarselli,et al.  Recursive neural networks learn to localize faces , 2005, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[720]  W. Mazzella,et al.  Dynamic of the ageing of ballpoint pen inks: quantification of phenoxyethanol by GC-MS. , 2004, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[721]  A. Knowles,et al.  REVIEW ARTICLE: Aspects of physicochemical methods for the detection of latent fingerprints , 1978 .

[722]  H. Cummins,et al.  Revised methods of interpreting and formulating palmar dermatoglyphics , 1929 .

[723]  P. Brauner,et al.  Erroneous gender identification by the amelogenin sex test. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[724]  Jen-Hui Chuang,et al.  Identity verification by relative 3-D structure using multiple facial images , 2005, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[725]  James Wolfe,et al.  Shoe and Tire Impressions in Snow: Photography and Casting , 2003 .

[726]  Ahmed Bouridane,et al.  Automatic classification and recognition of shoeprints , 1999 .

[727]  G. Edmond Constructing Miscarriages of Justice: Misunderstanding Scientific Evidence in High Profile Criminal Appeals , 2002 .

[728]  J. A. Lambert,et al.  The interpretation of refractive index measurements VI: The computer program rung , 1985 .

[729]  Chris Lennard Fingerprint detection: current capabilities , 2007 .

[730]  T. C. Miller,et al.  Detection of Visible and Latent Fingerprints Using Micro‐X‐ray Fluorescence Elemental Imaging * , 2006, Journal of forensic sciences.

[731]  Willem A. Wagenaar,et al.  The proper seat , 1988 .

[732]  Yilong Yin,et al.  Method based on quadric surface model for fingerprint image segmentation , 2004, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[733]  V G Sears,et al.  Reagents for the chemical development of latent fingerprints: scope and limitations of benzo[f]ninhydrin in comparison to ninhydrin. , 2000, Journal of forensic sciences.

[734]  Lowell A. Goldsmith,et al.  Biochemistry and physiology of the skin , 1991 .

[735]  J. Deans Recovery of fingerprints from fire scenes and associated evidence. , 2006, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[736]  Cantu Aa Silver Physical Developers for the Visualization of Latent Prints on Paper. , 2001 .

[737]  Venu Govindaraju,et al.  Fingerprint enhancement using STFT analysis , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[738]  R. Dudley The Use of Density Gradient Columns in the Forensic Comparison of Soils , 1979, Medicine, science, and the law.

[739]  H. H. Wilder PHYSICAL CORRESPONDENCES IN TWO SETS OF DUPLICATE TWINSStriking Degree of Identity Shown in Bodily Measurements and Skin Patterns of Palms and Soles , 1919 .

[741]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Fingerprint Image Enhancement: Algorithm and Performance Evaluation , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[742]  C Roux,et al.  The influence of polymer type, print donor and age on the quality of fingerprints developed on plastic substrates using vacuum metal deposition. , 2001, Forensic science international.

[743]  John D. Woodward,et al.  Army Biometric Applications: Identifying and Addressing Sociocultural Concerns , 2001 .

[744]  I. J. Good,et al.  When batterer becomes murderer , 1996, Nature.

[745]  C. G. G. Aitken,et al.  Evaluation of transfer evidence for three-level multivariate data with the use of graphical models , 2006, Comput. Stat. Data Anal..

[746]  Ronald J. Allen,et al.  Rationality, Algorithms and Juridical Proof: A Preliminary Inquiry , 1997 .

[747]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Further observations on glass evidence interpretation , 1995 .

[748]  D M Berfanger,et al.  All-digital ring-wedge detector applied to fingerprint recognition. , 1999, Applied optics.

[749]  J. S. Harris,et al.  Use of a Simple Coaxial Lighting System to Enhance Fingerprint and Handwriting Evidence , 1994 .

[750]  Wilkaan Fong,et al.  Results of a Study to Determine the Probability of Chance Match Occurrences Between Fibers Known to be from Different Sources , 1986 .

[751]  Gian Luca Marcialis,et al.  Fusion of multiple fingerprint matchers by single-layer perceptron with class-separation loss function , 2005, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[752]  G. Preti,et al.  Steroid analysis of human apocrine secretion , 1979, Steroids.

[753]  James J. Horan,et al.  How long after writing can an ESDA image be developed , 1988 .

[754]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  Grandfathering Evidence: Fingerprint Admissibility Rulings from Jennings to Llera Plaza and Back Again , 2004 .

[755]  Jan Beck Sources of Error in Forensic Handwriting Evaluation , 1995 .

[757]  J D Nicol,et al.  Fingerprint comparison. I: Similarity of fingerprints. , 1982, Journal of forensic sciences.

[758]  A. Jonathan Howell Introduction to face recognition , 2000 .

[759]  Michele Triplett,et al.  The Etiology of ACE-V and its Proper Use: An Exploration of the Relationship Between ACE-V and the Scientific Method of Hypothesis Testing , 2006 .

[760]  D. Wilkinson Study of the reaction mechanism of 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one with the amino acid, L-alanine. , 2000, Forensic science international.

[761]  S. Abe,et al.  Estimation of the age of human bloodstains by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy: long-term controlled experiment on the effects of environmental factors. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[762]  Kuo-Chin Fan,et al.  A randomized approach with geometric constraints to fingerprint verification , 2000, Pattern Recognit..

[763]  S. Edelman,et al.  Long-term learning in vernier acuity: Effects of stimulus orientation, range and of feedback , 1993, Vision Research.

[764]  O E Facey,et al.  Shoe wear patterns and pressure distribution under feet and shoes, determined by image analysis. , 1992, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[765]  H. Edwards,et al.  Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic studies of the curing of cyanoacrylate glue , 2004 .

[766]  B W Given,et al.  Latent fingerprints on cartridges and expended cartridge casings. , 1976, Journal of forensic sciences.

[767]  D. Burns,et al.  Base-activated latent fingerprints fumed with a cyanoacrylate monomer. A quantitative study using Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy , 1998 .

[768]  T Marshall,et al.  Analysis of human sweat proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis and ultrasensitive silver staining. , 1984, Analytical biochemistry.

[769]  Ralph Norman Haber,et al.  Scientific validation of fingerprint evidence under Daubert , 2007 .

[770]  B. Dalrymple FINGERPRINTS (DACTYLOSCOPY) | Identification and Classification , 2000 .

[771]  R. Aslin,et al.  PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Research Article UNSUPERVISED STATISTICAL LEARNING OF HIGHER-ORDER SPATIAL STRUCTURES FROM VISUAL SCENES , 2022 .

[772]  B. Munger,et al.  The early ontogeny of the afferent nerves and papillary ridges in human digital glabrous skin. , 1989, Brain research. Developmental brain research.

[773]  E. Menzel,et al.  Trace Explosives Detection by Photoluminescence , 2004, TheScientificWorldJournal.

[774]  T. David Distribution, age and sex variation of the mean epidermal ridge breadth. , 1981, Human heredity.

[775]  David H. Kaye,et al.  The Admissibility of Probability Evidence in Criminal Trials – Part II , 1986 .

[776]  Nam Kim,et al.  Digital holographic security system based on random phase encoded reference beams and fingerprint identification , 2005 .

[777]  Sidney van den Bergh Galaxy Morphology: Out of order , 2007, Nature.

[779]  Identifying a bank robber , 1995 .

[780]  J. Almog Fingerprint Development by Ninhydrin and Its Analogues , 2001 .

[781]  Stephen E. Fienberg,et al.  Statistical evidence in the US courts: an appraisal , 1991 .

[782]  W J Bodziak Manufacturing processes for athletic shoe outsoles and their significance in the examination of footwear impression evidence. , 1986, Journal of forensic sciences.

[783]  Stella M. Leche Handedness and bimanual dermatoglyphic differences , 1933 .

[784]  A. Nagy,et al.  Pattern influence on the fingers. , 2005, Homo : internationale Zeitschrift fur die vergleichende Forschung am Menschen.

[785]  L. Loevinger Science as evidence , 1995 .

[786]  F Taroni,et al.  Equal prior probabilities: can one do any better? , 2007, Forensic science international.

[787]  Ivo B Alberink,et al.  2D/3D image (facial) comparison using camera matching. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[788]  M. Sjerps,et al.  Shoe print examinations: effects of expectation, complexity and experience. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[789]  William B. Fairley Probabilistic Analysis of Identification Evidence , 1973 .

[790]  D. M. Grove,et al.  The interpretation of forensic evidence using a likelihood ratio , 1980 .

[791]  Pierre Margot,et al.  Synthesis and evaluation of ninhydrin analogues as reagents for the development of latent fingerprints on paper surfaces , 1988 .

[792]  H. Cummins Ancient Finger Prints in Clay , 1941 .

[793]  W. Mazzella,et al.  A study to investigate the evidential value of blue gel pen inks. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[794]  Jean-Christophe Fondeur,et al.  Large-Scale Identification System Design , 2005 .

[795]  A. Tversky,et al.  Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases , 1974, Science.

[796]  M. Grieve,et al.  A study on the random distribution of a red acrylic target fibre. , 1997, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[797]  Khaled Ahmed Nagaty An adaptive hybrid energy-based fingerprint matching technique , 2005, Image Vis. Comput..

[798]  G. Gettinby An empirical approach to estimating the probability of innocently acquiring bloodstains of different ABO groups on clothing. , 1984, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[799]  C. Plato,et al.  Embryological development and prevalence of digital flexion creases , 1990, The Anatomical record.

[800]  F. Majewski,et al.  Furrows and dermal ridges of the hand in patients with alcohol embryopathy , 1978, Human Genetics.

[801]  Diane K. Tolliver The Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA): Is it really non-destructive to documents? , 1990 .

[802]  O P Jasuja,et al.  Development of latent fingerprints on compact disc and its effect on subsequent data recovery. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[803]  By SARAH B. Holt GENETICS OF DERMAL RIDGES: FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONS OF TOTAL FINGER RIDGE‐COUNT , 1955, Annals of human genetics.

[804]  Jonathan P. Aus,et al.  Eurodac: A Solution Looking for a Problem? , 2006 .

[805]  B. HADORN,et al.  Free Amino-acids in Human Sweat from Different Parts of the Body , 1967, Nature.

[806]  Loris Nanni,et al.  An improved BioHashing for human authentication , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[807]  John I. Thornton,et al.  A Systematic Study of Epidermal Ridge Minutiae , 1987 .

[808]  Zeno J. M. H. Geradts,et al.  Content-Based Information Retrieval from Forensic Databases , 2002 .

[809]  Michael Kücken,et al.  Models for fingerprint pattern formation. , 2007, Forensic science international.

[810]  G. Miskelly,et al.  Using spectral information in forensic imaging. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[811]  F Taroni,et al.  Quantification of the shape of handwritten characters: a step to objective discrimination between writers based on the study of the capital character O. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[812]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  Biometrics: a tool for information security , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security.

[813]  K. Yamashita,et al.  Pathogenesis of retinoic acid-induced abnormal pad patterns on mouse volar skin. , 2000, Teratology.

[814]  Arun Ross,et al.  An introduction to biometrics , 2008, ICPR 2008.

[815]  John P. Black An Interesting Case Involving Footwear Distribution Information , 2005 .

[816]  Richard Green,et al.  Fingerprint asymmetry in male and female transsexuals , 2000 .

[817]  R. Lavker,et al.  Morphology of aged skin. , 1989, Dermatologic clinics.

[818]  van Der Meulen,et al.  False Fingerprints--A New Aspect , 1955 .

[819]  Paul C. Giannelli,et al.  Wrongful Convictions and Forensic Science: The Need to Regulate Crime Labs , 2011 .

[820]  R. B. Kennedy,et al.  A large-scale statistical analysis of barefoot impressions. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[821]  Angi M Christensen,et al.  Assessing the variation in individual frontal sinus outlines. , 2005, American journal of physical anthropology.

[822]  T J Hannigan,et al.  Survey of 1276 shoeprint impressions and development of an automatic shoeprint pattern matching facility. , 2006, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[823]  M. Azoury,et al.  The effect of 1,2-indanedione, a latent fingerprint reagent on subsequent DNA profiling. , 2002, Journal of forensic sciences.

[824]  D. Kennedy Forensic Science: Oxymoron? , 2003, Science.

[825]  Bryan Found,et al.  An Insight into Forensic Document Examiner Expertise for Discriminating Between Forged and Disguised Signatures , 2008, Journal of forensic sciences.

[826]  R. Murray,et al.  Dermatoglyphic a-b ridge count as a possible marker for developmental disturbance in schizophrenia: replication in two samples , 1996, Schizophrenia Research.

[827]  R M Griffin,et al.  A target fibre study on seats in public houses. , 1998, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[828]  Damon L. Woodard,et al.  Finger surface as a biometric identifier , 2005, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[829]  K. E. Creer Some applications of an argon ion laser in forensic science , 1982 .

[830]  C Champod,et al.  Interpretation of Fibres Evidence - The Bayesian Approach. , 1999 .

[831]  D. A. Russell,et al.  "Intelligent" fingerprinting: simultaneous identification of drug metabolites and individuals by using antibody-functionalized nanoparticles. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[833]  T J Briggs The Probative Value of Bloodstains on Clothing , 1978, Medicine, science, and the law.

[834]  Stuart S. Kind,et al.  Crime investigation and the criminal trial: a three chapter paradigm of evidence , 1994 .

[835]  A J Hoogstrate,et al.  Ear identification based on surveillance camera images. , 2001, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[836]  T. V. McAlexander,et al.  Eliminating ill-founded eliminations in handwriting comparison cases. , 1991, Journal - Forensic Science Society.

[837]  A. McDonagh,et al.  Preparation and evaluation of metal nanopowders for the detection of fingermarks on nonporous surfaces , 2006 .

[838]  T. Biermann,et al.  The population of coloured textile fibres on outdoor surfaces , 1997 .

[839]  Dario Maio,et al.  Minutiae extraction and filtering from gray-scale images , 2000 .

[840]  R A Wickenheiser,et al.  Further evaluation of probabilities in human scalp hair comparisons. , 1990, Journal of forensic sciences.

[841]  Mutsuo Sano,et al.  Fingerprint verification using ridge direction distribution and minutiae correspondence , 2007 .

[842]  Christophe Champod,et al.  SECM imaging of MMD-enhanced latent fingermarks. , 2007, Chemical communications.

[843]  Antonio Criminisi,et al.  New approach to obtain height measurements from video , 1999, Other Conferences.

[844]  Mohammad S. Alam,et al.  Real-time fingerprint identification , 2004 .

[845]  S Mil'shtein,et al.  Scanning the pressure-induced distortion of fingerprints. , 2004, Scanning.

[846]  T. Biermann,et al.  The evidential value of black cotton fibres. , 2001, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[847]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  Error analysis of pattern recognition systems - the subsets bootstrap , 2004, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[848]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition , 2005, Springer Professional Computing.

[849]  I. Evett Criminalistics: the future of expertise , 1993 .

[850]  K. W. Smalldon,et al.  The Comparison of Distributional Shapes with Particular Reference to a Problem in Forensic Science , 1978 .

[851]  Dario Maio,et al.  Direct Gray-Scale Minutiae Detection In Fingerprints , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[852]  L MEIJERMAN,et al.  Inter- and Intra-individual Variation in Applied Force When Listening at a Surface, and Resulting Variation in Earprints , 2006, Medicine, science, and the law.

[853]  Yi Chen,et al.  Pores and Ridges: High-Resolution Fingerprint Matching Using Level 3 Features , 2007 .

[854]  Masahiko Yachida,et al.  Integration of facial position estimation and person identification for face authentication , 2007 .

[855]  M. Kam,et al.  Effects of Monetary Incentives on Performance of Nonprofessionals in Document-Examination Proficiency Tests , 1998 .

[856]  Simon A. Cole,et al.  Suspect Identities , 2001 .

[857]  E. Menzel,et al.  Photoluminescent semiconductor nanocrystals for fingerprint detection. , 2000, Journal of forensic sciences.

[858]  M. Kuecken On the formation of fingerprints , 2004 .

[859]  Jack Zhou,et al.  NIST bullet signature measurement system for RM (Reference Material) 8240 standard bullets. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[860]  John G. Clement,et al.  Automatic Adjustment of Facial Orientation in 3D Face Image Database , 2003 .

[861]  H. H. Wilder RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN PALM AND SOLE CONFIGURATION , 1904 .

[862]  Hector J. Levesque,et al.  Intention is Choice with Commitment , 1990, Artif. Intell..

[863]  J. Mathyer The Influence of Writing Instruments on Handwriting and Signatures , 1969 .

[864]  B Lacroix,et al.  Early human hand morphology: an estimation of fetal age. , 1984, Early human development.

[865]  Ramesh Chaudhry,et al.  Identification of authorship using lateral palm print--a new concept. , 2004, Forensic science international.

[866]  T. Kwapil,et al.  Extralimital triradii as a putative marker of schizotypy , 2005, Schizophrenia Research.

[867]  D. M. Ellen,et al.  The use of electrostatic imaging in the detection of indented impressions , 1980 .

[868]  C. Aitken Crime investigation and the criminal trial , 1994 .

[869]  T. Parthasarathy,et al.  Development of a Mathematical Formula for the Calculation of Fingerprint Probabilities Based on Individual Characteristics , 1977 .

[870]  J M Curran,et al.  Assessing transfer probabilities in a Bayesian interpretation of forensic glass evidence. , 1998, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[871]  Y Misumi,et al.  Scanning electron microscopic structure of the finger print as related to the dermal surface , 1984, The Anatomical record.

[872]  Luc Vandendorpe,et al.  Multiple classifier combination for face-based identity verification , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[873]  H. Edwards,et al.  Anomalies in polycyanoacrylate formation studied by Raman spectroscopy: Implications for the forensic enhancement of latent fingerprints for spectral analysis , 2006 .

[874]  Dario Maio,et al.  The State of the Art in Fingerprint Classification , 2004 .

[875]  J Bijhold,et al.  Image matching algorithms for breech face marks and firing pins in a database of spent cartridge cases of firearms. , 2001, Forensic science international.

[876]  Robert B Kennedy,et al.  Statistical analysis of barefoot impressions. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[877]  Francis Galton,et al.  Some Results of the Anthropometric Laboratory. , 1885 .

[878]  J. Verbov Palmar ridge appearances in normal newborn infants and ridge appearance in relation to eccrine sweating , 1975, The British journal of dermatology.

[879]  S. Sclove The Occurrence of Fingerprint Characteristics as a Two-Dimensional Process , 1979 .

[880]  A. Cantu,et al.  Silver Physical Development of Latent Prints , 2001 .

[881]  Ugur Halici,et al.  Feature selective filtering for ridge extraction , 1999 .

[882]  David Zhang,et al.  A Study of Identical Twins' Palmprints for Personal Authentication , 2006, ICB.

[883]  H Katterwe Modern Approaches for the Examination of Toolmarks and Other Surface Marks. , 1996, Forensic science review.

[884]  Erin Murphy,et al.  The New Forensics: Criminal Justice, False Certainty, and the Second Generation of Scientific Evidence , 2006 .

[885]  S. Clark,et al.  Chemical detection of latent fingerprints , 1993 .

[886]  Y Yoshino,et al.  Conventional and Novel Methods for Facial-Image Identification. , 2004, Forensic science review.

[887]  David Lindley,et al.  A problem in forensic science , 1977 .

[888]  John Daugman,et al.  The importance of being random: statistical principles of iris recognition , 2003, Pattern Recognit..

[889]  Ashleigh Grant,et al.  Identification of Recently Handled Materials by Analysis of Latent Human Fingerprints Using Infrared Spectromicroscopy , 2005, Applied spectroscopy.

[890]  F Botti,et al.  The effect of mismatched recording conditions on human and automatic speaker recognition in forensic applications. , 2004, Forensic science international.

[891]  Sandip Das,et al.  Simple algorithms for partial point set pattern matching under rigid motion , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[892]  J. McQuillan,et al.  A survey of the distribution of glass on clothing , 1992 .

[893]  John I. Thornton,et al.  A Method for the Description of Minutia Pairs in Epidermal Ridge Patterns , 1986 .

[894]  D. Mandler,et al.  DEVELOPMENT OF LATENT FINGERPRINTS ON UNFIRED CARTRIDGES BY PALLADIUM DEPOSITION : A SURFACE STUDY , 1997 .

[895]  F. Galton On Recent Designs for Anthropometric Instruments. , 1887 .

[896]  Ruth M Morgan,et al.  The forensic analysis of soils and sediment taken from the cast of a footprint. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[897]  R. Murthy,et al.  Manic-Depressive Psychosis and Schizophrenia: a Dermatoglyphic Study , 1980, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[898]  I. Dror,et al.  Contextual information renders experts vulnerable to making erroneous identifications. , 2006, Forensic science international.

[899]  J. Corona-Rivera,et al.  Sydney crease frequency changes among the newborns and infants , 2007, American journal of medical genetics. Part A.

[900]  Ton van der Putte,et al.  Biometrical Fingerprint Recognition: Don't Get Your Fingers Burned , 2001, CARDIS.

[901]  Joseph Alper,et al.  Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders , 1977 .

[902]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  Who is “random man”? , 1991 .

[903]  Jonathan J. Koehler,et al.  Fingerprint Error Rates and Proficiency Tests: What They are and Why They Matter , 2008 .

[904]  Jo-Anne Bright,et al.  Recovery of trace DNA and its application to DNA profiling of shoe insoles. , 2004, Forensic science international.

[905]  D. S. Mehta,et al.  Simultaneous topography and tomography of latent fingerprints using full-field swept-source optical coherence tomography , 2008 .

[906]  S. Kind Heuristic in Crime Investigation , 1988 .

[907]  William James Herschel The Origin of Finger-Printing , 2010 .

[908]  Craig I. Watson,et al.  Studies of Fingerprint Matching Using the NIST Verification Test Bed (VTB) | NIST , 2003 .

[909]  Gustavo J. Meschino,et al.  Enhancement Techniques in fingerprints as a tool in Dactyloscopy , 2003 .

[910]  C. D. Lee Further Discussion of the Evidentiary Value of Fingerprints , 1933 .

[911]  D. J. Foster,et al.  An electrostatic imaging technique for the detection of indented impressions in documents , 1979 .

[912]  J. Almog,et al.  Lawsone: a novel reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on paper surfaces. , 2008, Chemical Communications.

[913]  M Okajima Frequency of epidermal-ridge minutiae in the calcar area of Japanese twins. , 1967, American journal of human genetics.

[914]  Jie Zhou,et al.  Modeling orientation fields of fingerprints with rational complex functions , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[915]  Jun Hwang,et al.  Lip print recognition for security systems by multi-resolution architecture , 2004, Future Gener. Comput. Syst..

[916]  Wegstein Jh,et al.  The automated identification of fingerprints. , 1979 .

[917]  J. Almog,et al.  Aminoninhydrins: Fingerprint Reagents with Direct Fluorogenic Activity—Preliminary Studies , 1991 .

[918]  C FIELDS,et al.  The ear of the newborn as an identification constant. , 1960, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[919]  Adnan Amin,et al.  Fingerprint classification: a review , 2004, Pattern Analysis and Applications.

[920]  Anil Kumar,et al.  Temporal Database Bibliography Update , 1996, SIGMOD Rec..

[921]  Colin Aitken Statements of probability , 1988 .

[922]  C. Lennard,et al.  Evaluation of iodine-benzoflavone and ruthenium tetroxide spray reagents for the detection of latent fingermarks at the crime scene. , 2004, Journal of forensic sciences.

[923]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Bayesian face recognition , 2000, Pattern Recognit..

[924]  Venu Govindaraju,et al.  A minutia-based partial fingerprint recognition system , 2005, Pattern Recognit..

[925]  Yoshinori Akao,et al.  Examination of spur marks found on inkjet-printed documents. , 2005, Journal of forensic sciences.

[926]  Norbert Krüger,et al.  Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[927]  A. Philip Dawid,et al.  USING A GRAPHICAL METHOD TO ASSIST THE EVALUATION OF COMPLICATED PATTERNS OF EVIDENCE , 1997 .

[928]  Soumitra Kar,et al.  Computer-vision-based approach to personal identification using finger crease pattern , 1998, Pattern Recognit..

[929]  Nahum Gat,et al.  Imaging spectroscopy using tunable filters: a review , 2000, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[930]  Kanya Tanaka,et al.  Footprint-based personal recognition , 2000, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[931]  Jianwu Zhang,et al.  Modeling tire/road contact using piecewise Ritz procedure , 2005 .

[932]  The Quandary of “Qualified” Opinions , 1980 .

[933]  David Zhang,et al.  Human gait recognition by the fusion of motion and static spatio-temporal templates , 2007, Pattern Recognit..

[934]  J. S. Buckleton,et al.  On the Problem of Assessing the Evidential Value of Glass Fragments Embedded in Footwear , 1986 .

[935]  E. Imwinkelried The Evolution of the American Test for the Admissibility of Scientific Evidence , 1990, Medicine, science, and the law.

[936]  S. Lawrie,et al.  Dermatoglyphics and schizophrenia: findings from the Edinburgh high risk study , 2005, Schizophrenia Research.

[937]  David H. Kaye People v. Nelson : A Tale of Two Statistics , 2008 .

[938]  Robert K. L. Gay,et al.  Geometric framework for fingerprint image classification , 1997, Pattern Recognit..

[939]  Lea Brilmayer,et al.  Second-Order Evidence and Bayesian Logic , 1988 .

[941]  L. A. Lewis,et al.  Enhancing the Quality of Aged Latent Fingerprints Developed by Superglue Fuming: Loss and Replenishment of Initiator , 2008, Journal of forensic sciences.

[942]  J. E. Davies,et al.  A New Film for Ultraviolet Photography , 1989 .

[943]  J. Almog,et al.  Fingerprint Reagents with Dual Action: Color and Fluorescence , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[944]  Santanu Chaudhury,et al.  Signature verification using multiple neural classifiers , 1997, Pattern Recognit..

[945]  Louis F. Jordan Fingerprinting: Its Use and Limitation , 1926 .

[946]  P. Pigou,et al.  Evaluation of some oxygen, sulfur, and selenium substituted ninhydrin analogues, nitrophenylninhydrin and benzo[f]furoninhydrin. , 2002, Journal of forensic sciences.

[947]  Ong Thian Song,et al.  An efficient fingerprint verification system using integrated wavelet and Fourier–Mellin invariant transform , 2004 .

[948]  Astrid Albrecht Understanding the issues behind user acceptance , 2001 .

[949]  Rebecca Schwartz Perlman,et al.  Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging for Noninvasive Detection of Latent Fingerprints , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[950]  Chin-Seng Chua,et al.  Robust face recognition from 2D and 3D images using structural Hausdorff distance , 2006, Image Vis. Comput..

[951]  P. V. Haan Physics and fingerprints , 2006 .

[952]  G. Ramsay,et al.  The effect of metal salt treatment on the photoluminescence of DFO-treated fingerprints. , 2001, Forensic science international.

[953]  Colin Aitken,et al.  Interpretation of scientific evidence. , 1996 .

[954]  Mark S. Nixon,et al.  Force field energy functionals for image feature extraction , 2002, Image Vis. Comput..

[955]  Alessandro Farina,et al.  Fingerprint minutiae extraction from skeletonized binary images , 1999, Pattern Recognit..

[956]  Elaine Fuchs,et al.  Scratching the surface of skin development , 2007, Nature.

[957]  V. Causin,et al.  Cuts and tears on a paper towel: a case report on an unusual examination of damage. , 2005, Forensic science international.

[958]  Brian J. Heard,et al.  Handbook of Firearms and Ballistics: Examining and Interpreting Forensic Evidence , 1997 .

[959]  R. Ogle,et al.  Probabilities and human hair comparison. , 1982, Journal of forensic sciences.

[960]  John C. W. Rayner,et al.  Welch's approximate solution for the Behrens-Fisher problem , 1987 .

[961]  John Buckleton,et al.  The grouping problem in forensic glass analysis: a divisive approach 1 This research was made possib , 1997 .

[962]  Audrey Giles Extending ESDA's capability: The determination of the order of writing and impressions using the technique of electrostatic detection , 1993 .

[963]  Michal Choras,et al.  Ear Biometrics Based on Geometrical Method of Feature Extraction , 2004, AMDO.

[964]  H. Cummins,et al.  FINGER PRINTS OF CONJOINED TWINS Differences in Gibb Twins and Their Genetic Significance , 1934 .

[965]  Antonio A Cantu,et al.  Modifications to the silver physical developer. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[966]  Peter G. Engeldrum,et al.  A Short Image Quality Model Taxonomy , 2004, Journal of Imaging Science and Technology.

[967]  John P. Baker,et al.  Fusing multimodal biometrics with quality estimates via a Bayesian belief network , 2008, Pattern Recognit..

[968]  Bir Bhanu,et al.  Evolutionary feature synthesis for facial expression recognition , 2006, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[969]  J. Grant The Diaries of Adolf Hitler , 1985 .

[970]  Lynn Meijerman,et al.  Earprints in forensic investigations , 2005, Forensic science, medicine, and pathology.

[971]  Andrzej Czubak THE USE OF CYANOACRILE GLUES FOR REVEALING FINGERPRINTS ON VARIOUS SURFACES , 2008 .

[972]  C Champod,et al.  Establishing the most appropriate databases for addressing source level propositions. , 2004, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[973]  John Daugman,et al.  High Confidence Visual Recognition of Persons by a Test of Statistical Independence , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[974]  A. Newell,et al.  A model for fingerprint formation , 2004 .

[975]  Stella Martin-de las Heras,et al.  Effectiveness of Comparison Overlays Generated with DentalPrint© Software in Bite Mark Analysis * , 2007, Journal of forensic sciences.

[976]  L. Cohen,et al.  Whose is the fallacy? A rejoinder to Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky , 1980, Cognition.

[977]  V. M. Murukeshan,et al.  Formulation and implementation of a phase-resolved fluorescence technique for latent-fingerprint imaging: theoretical and experimental analysis. , 2005, Applied optics.

[978]  Jennifer L. Mnookin Scripting Expertise: The History of Handwriting Identification Evidence and the Judicial Construction of Reliability , 2001 .

[979]  Marijke F. Augusteijn,et al.  Image indexing applied to typewriter font identification , 1996, Neural Computing & Applications.

[980]  Sharath Pankanti,et al.  On the Individuality of Fingerprints , 2002, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[981]  Moshe Kam,et al.  Writer identification using hand-printed and non-hand-printed questioned documents. , 2003, Journal of forensic sciences.

[982]  D. Whittaker,et al.  A comparison of the ability of experts and non-experts to differentiate between adult and child human bite marks using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. , 1998, Forensic science international.

[983]  Gian Luca Marcialis,et al.  Fingerprint verification by fusion of optical and capacitive sensors , 2004, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[984]  Notes on a Grand Illusion: Some Limits on the Use of Bayesian Theory in Evidence Law , 1982 .

[985]  Colin Aitken,et al.  Evaluation of trace evidence in the form of multivariate data , 2004 .

[986]  Richard Sir Eggleston,et al.  Evidence, Proof and Probability , 1983 .

[987]  Harold Cummins,et al.  Palmar and plantar epidermal ridge configurations (dermatoglyphics) in European-Americans† , 1926 .

[988]  D. K. Kim,et al.  The appearance, density, and distribution of Merkel cells in human embryonic and fetal skin: their relation to sweat gland and hair follicle development. , 1995, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[989]  Patrick J. Flynn,et al.  A survey of approaches and challenges in 3D and multi-modal 3D + 2D face recognition , 2006, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[990]  D Q BURD,et al.  Tool mark comparisons in criminal investigations. , 1948, The Journal of criminal law and criminology, including the American journal of police science.

[991]  A. P. Dawid,et al.  Estimation of mutation rates from paternity cases using a Bayesian network , 2004 .

[992]  G. R. Jackson,et al.  Operational Experience of Fingermark Enhancement by Frequency Domain Filtering , 1994 .

[993]  Virginia Ballarin,et al.  Fingerprint Identification Using Image Enhancement Techniques , 1998 .

[994]  C M Triggs,et al.  An extended likelihood ratio framework for interpreting evidence. , 2006, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[995]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Object detection using gabor filters , 1997, Pattern Recognit..

[996]  Hakil Kim,et al.  A Study on Evaluating the Uniqueness of Fingerprints Using Statistical Analysis , 2004, ICISC.

[997]  Christophe Champod IDENTIFICATION/INDIVIDUALIZATION | Overview and Meaning of ID , 2000 .

[998]  Michael C. Grieve,et al.  An Assessment of the Value of Blue, Red, and Black Cotton Fibers as Target Fibers in Forensic Science Investigations , 1988 .

[999]  J. A. Lambert,et al.  A survey of glass fragments recovered from clothing of persons suspected of involvement in crime , 1985 .

[1000]  Stephen E. Fienberg,et al.  The Comparison and Evaluation of Forecasters. , 1983 .

[1001]  W. Babler,et al.  Prenatal Communalities in Epidermal Ridge Development , 1990 .

[1002]  K. Holbrook Human Epidermal Embryogenesis , 1979, International journal of dermatology.

[1003]  Kristine Bonnevie Studies on papillary patterns of human fingers , 2008, Journal of Genetics.

[1004]  James Curran,et al.  A discussion of the merits of random man not excluded and likelihood ratios. , 2008, Forensic science international. Genetics.

[1005]  O. Hilton Is There Any Place in Criminal Prosecutions for Qualified Opinions by Document Examiners , 1979 .

[1006]  J. Mavalwala Harold Cummins--and the birth, growth and development of dermatoglyphics. , 1975, American journal of physical anthropology.

[1007]  Anil K. Jain,et al.  Incorporating Image Quality in Multi-algorithm Fingerprint Verification , 2006, ICB.

[1008]  James Dunlop,et al.  A method of assessing the fibre shedding potential of fabrics , 1992 .

[1009]  D. Kaiser,et al.  Diminished Excretion of Bicarbonate from the Single Sweat Gland of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas * , 1974, European journal of clinical investigation.

[1010]  M. Mihara,et al.  Scanning electron microscopy of the epidermal lamina densa in normal human skin. , 1992, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[1011]  By SARAH B. Holt GENETICS OF DERMAL RIDGES: PARENT‐CHILD CORRELATIONS FOR TOTAL FINGER RIDGE‐COUNT , 1956, Annals of human genetics.

[1012]  M. Acree Is there a gender difference in fingerprint ridge density? , 1999, Forensic science international.

[1013]  Isabelle Guyon,et al.  WANDA: A generic Framework applied in Forensic Handwriting Analysis and Writer Identification , 2003, HIS.

[1014]  Dw Van Boxel,et al.  Probabilistic Expert Systems for Forensic Inference from Genetic Markers , 2002 .

[1015]  Michal Choras,et al.  Human Ear Identification Based on Image Analysis , 2004, ICAISC.

[1016]  Dexin Zhang,et al.  Local intensity variation analysis for iris recognition , 2004, Pattern Recognit..

[1017]  Vesa Suominen,et al.  Use of footwear impressions in crime scene investigations assisted by computerised footwear collection system , 1996 .

[1018]  G. A. Drets,et al.  Fingerprint sub-classification: a neural network approach , 1999 .

[1019]  James F. Cowger,et al.  Friction Ridge Skin: Comparison and Identification of Fingerprints , 1992 .

[1020]  S. Kimura Embryologic development of flexion creases. , 1991, Birth defects original article series.

[1021]  Lisa Ann Osadciw,et al.  Bridging biometrics and forensics , 2008, Electronic Imaging.

[1022]  Ian W. Evett,et al.  A Bayesian approach to interpreting footwear marks in forensic casework , 1998 .

[1023]  Bunch Consecutive matching striation criteria: a general critique , 2000, Journal of forensic sciences.

[1024]  M. Friedman Applications of the ninhydrin reaction for analysis of amino acids, peptides, and proteins to agricultural and biomedical sciences. , 2004, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[1025]  J S Buckleton,et al.  Applications and extensions of subpopulation theory: a caseworkers guide. , 1998, Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.

[1026]  Robert B. Montgomery,et al.  SOLE PRINTS OF NEWBORN BABIES , 1925 .