Mechanisms of Arrhythmia Recurrence After Video‐Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: Insights from Electrophysiological Mapping and Ablation

Background: Video‐assisted thoracoscopic bilateral pulmonary vein (PV) isolation with left atrial appendage (LAA) excision is a novel surgical treatment for patients who have atrial fibrillation (AF) but no indication for open heart surgery. However, the electrophysiological mechanisms of the recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias after this procedure are unknown.

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