Applications of nano-materials in diverse dentistry regimes

Research and development in the applied sciences at the atomic or molecular level is the order of the day under the domain of nanotechnology or nano-science with enormous influence on nearly all areas of human health and activities comprising diverse medical fields such as pharmacological studies, clinical diagnoses, and supplementary immune system. The field of nano-dentistry has emerged due to the assorted dental applications of nano-technology. This review provides a brief introduction to the general nanotechnology field and a comprehensive overview of the synthesis features and dental uses of nano-materials including current innovations and future expectations with general comments on the latest advancements in the mechanisms and the most significant toxicological dimensions.

[1]  Ruochen Fang,et al.  Progress of binary cooperative complementary interfacial nanomaterials , 2019, Nano Today.

[2]  M. G. Manera,et al.  Magneto-Optical properties of noble-metal nanostructures: functional nanomaterials for bio sensing , 2018, Scientific Reports.

[3]  E. Rocha,et al.  Root-supported overdenture as a prosthetic alternative for patients undergoing the transitional phase from partial to complete edentulism , 2019, Journal of Dental Implants.

[4]  Pilje Kim,et al.  Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Rats Treated by Two Different Routes: Single Intravenous Injection and Single Oral Administration , 2015, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A.

[5]  Xuedong Zhou,et al.  Combining Bioactive Multifunctional Dental Composite with PAMAM for Root Dentin Remineralization , 2017, Materials.

[6]  Blanche Collin,et al.  Influence of natural organic matter and surface charge on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of functionalized ceria nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans. , 2014, Environmental science & technology.

[7]  Ashutosh Sharma,et al.  Influence of dual ceramic nanomaterials on the solderability and interfacial reactions between lead-free Sn-Ag-Cu and a Cu conductor , 2018 .

[8]  F. Schwendicke,et al.  Clinical studies in restorative dentistry: Design, conduct, analysis. , 2018, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[9]  Johannes Bott,et al.  Investigations into the Potential Abrasive Release of Nanomaterials due to Material Stress Conditions-Part A: Carbon Black Nano-Particulates in Plastic and Rubber Composites , 2019, Applied Sciences.

[10]  F. Yazdian,et al.  Thin natural gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for retinal pigment epithelium cells , 2018 .

[11]  Mario Coccia,et al.  Converging scientific fields and new technological paradigms as main drivers of the division of scientific labour in drug discovery process: the effects on strategic management of the R&D corporate change , 2014, Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag..

[12]  X. Zhu,et al.  Synthesis of wrinkled mesoporous silica and its reinforcing effect for dental resin composites. , 2017, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[13]  Hui Mao,et al.  Sol–Gel Synthesis of Porous Li2TiO3 for High-Performance Electrochemical Supercapacitors , 2018 .

[14]  Q. Cai,et al.  Composite resin reinforced with silver nanoparticles-laden hydroxyapatite nanowires for dental application. , 2017, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[15]  A. G. Ardakani,et al.  Using ZnO nanosheets grown by electrodeposition in random lasers as scattering centers: the effects of sheet size and presence of mode competition , 2018, Journal of the Optical Society of America B.

[16]  M. Mon-Williams,et al.  Capturing differences in dental training using a virtual reality simulator , 2018, European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe.

[17]  Xuedong Zhou,et al.  Poly (amido amine) dendrimer and dental adhesive with calcium phosphate nanoparticles remineralized dentin in lactic acid. , 2018, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials.

[18]  Hossam Haick,et al.  Synergy between nanomaterials and volatile organic compounds for non-invasive medical evaluation. , 2018, Chemical Society reviews.

[19]  G. Opdenakker,et al.  Matrix metalloproteinases and inhibitors in dentistry , 2019, Clinical Oral Investigations.

[20]  Cristian Covarrubias,et al.  Synthesis of hybrid copper-chitosan nanoparticles with antibacterial activity against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. , 2018, Dental materials journal.

[21]  Zhenzhong Yang,et al.  Janus Nanoparticles for Improved Dentin Bonding. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[22]  Lei Cheng,et al.  Novel rechargeable calcium phosphate nanocomposite with antibacterial activity to suppress biofilm acids and dental caries. , 2018, Journal of dentistry.

[23]  M. I. Setyawati,et al.  Toxicity profiling of water contextual zinc oxide, silver, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in human oral and gastrointestinal cell systems , 2015, Environmental toxicology.

[24]  Raquel Zanin Midena,et al.  Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles as a root canal irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm and infected dentinal tubules , 2018, International endodontic journal.

[25]  K. Jadhav,et al.  Phytosynthesis of gold nanoparticles: Characterization, biocompatibility, and evaluation of its osteoinductive potential for application in implant dentistry. , 2018, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[26]  Kishor Sarkar,et al.  Biomedical Applications of Graphene Nanomaterials and Beyond. , 2018, ACS biomaterials science & engineering.

[27]  Siyan Liu,et al.  Synthesis and growth mechanism of various SiO 2 nanostructures from straight to helical morphologies , 2018, Composites Part B: Engineering.

[28]  F. Durán‐Sindreu,et al.  Influence of academic training in endodontics and implantology on decision‐making in undergraduate students , 2018, Australian endodontic journal : the journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc.

[29]  B. Duane,et al.  Environmentally sustainable dentistry: a brief introduction to sustainable concepts within the dental practice , 2019, British Dental Journal.

[30]  Jian Yu,et al.  Effects of Chlorhexidine-Encapsulated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles on the Anti-Biofilm and Mechanical Properties of Glass Ionomer Cement , 2017, Molecules.

[31]  R. Handy,et al.  Review of nanomaterials in dentistry: interactions with the oral microenvironment, clinical applications, hazards, and benefits. , 2015, ACS nano.

[32]  Mario Coccia,et al.  Sources of technological innovation: Radical and incremental innovation problem-driven to support competitive advantage of firms , 2017, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management.

[33]  M. Zandi,et al.  Structure-properties relationships in dental adhesives: Effect of initiator, matrix monomer structure, and nano-filler incorporation. , 2018, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[34]  G. Zucchelli,et al.  Esthetics in periodontics and implantology. , 2018, Periodontology 2000.

[35]  L. Mir,et al.  Subacute toxicity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in male rats: emotional behavior and pathophysiological examination , 2015, Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

[36]  A. Sigurdsson,et al.  Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review , 2018, International endodontic journal.

[37]  M. Wassel,et al.  Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and inhibition of bacterial induced enamel demineralization of propolis, miswak, and chitosan nanoparticles based dental varnishes , 2017, Journal of advanced research.

[38]  Hyoun‐Ee Kim,et al.  Antibacterial and bioactive properties of stabilized silver on titanium with a nanostructured surface for dental applications , 2018, Applied Surface Science.

[39]  S. Pati,et al.  Uncompensated surface states in antiferromagnetic FeF2 nanoparticles induced by mechanical milling , 2019, Applied Surface Science.

[40]  Linlin Li,et al.  Biodistribution, excretion, and toxicity of mesoporous silica nanoparticles after oral administration depend on their shape. , 2015, Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine.

[41]  P. Pavasant,et al.  Bacterial cellulose membrane conjugated with plant-derived osteopontin: Preparation and its potential for bone tissue regeneration. , 2020, International journal of biological macromolecules.

[42]  M. Coccia Converging Genetics, Genomics and Nanotechnologies for Groundbreaking Pathways in Biomedicine and Nanomedicine , 2012 .

[43]  Q. Lin,et al.  Structural and Magnetic Studies of Cr3+ Substituted Nickel Ferrite Nanomaterials Prepared by Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion , 2018, Crystals.

[44]  O. Ivanova,et al.  Ce1-хGdхOy Nanoparticles Stimulate Proliferation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro , 2017 .

[45]  Meiyun Zhang,et al.  From Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) Broken Paper: High-Performance Aramid Nanofibers and Their Application in Electrical Insulating Nanomaterials with Enhanced Properties , 2018 .

[46]  Seungdu Kim,et al.  Ultra-fine structures of Pd-Ag-HAp nanoparticle deposition on protruded TiO 2 barrier layer for dental implant , 2018 .

[47]  N. Gu,et al.  Gold nanoparticles in injectable calcium phosphate cement enhance osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. , 2018, Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine.

[48]  Wei Li,et al.  Strong antibacterial dental resin composites containing cellulose nanocrystal/zinc oxide nanohybrids. , 2019, Journal of dentistry.

[49]  K. Pałka,et al.  Nanomaterials in dentistry: a cornerstone or a black box? , 2018, Nanomedicine.

[50]  M. Toprak,et al.  ZnO nanorods/nanoflowers and their applications , 2011, IEEE International Nanoelectronics Conference.

[51]  A. Hernandes,et al.  Titanium dioxide and modified titanium dioxide by silver nanoparticles as an anti biofilm filler content for composite resins. , 2019, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[52]  T. Eliades,et al.  Methods, transparency and reporting of clinical trials in orthodontics and periodontics , 2019, Journal of orthodontics.

[53]  G. Duscher,et al.  Graphitic coated Al nanoparticles manufactured as superior energetic materials via laser ablation synthesis in organic solvents , 2019, Applied Surface Science.

[54]  A. Reis,et al.  The role of copper nanoparticles in an etch-and-rinse adhesive on antimicrobial activity, mechanical properties and the durability of resin-dentine interfaces. , 2017, Journal of dentistry.

[55]  Emmanuel O. Ogunsona,et al.  Engineered nanomaterials for antimicrobial applications: A review , 2020 .

[56]  D. Moher,et al.  Systematic reviews in restorative dentistry: discussing relevant aspects. , 2019, Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.].

[57]  Yong Li,et al.  Topical ferumoxytol nanoparticles disrupt biofilms and prevent tooth decay in vivo via intrinsic catalytic activity , 2018, Nature Communications.

[58]  Dongyeop Kim,et al.  Novel Endodontic Disinfection Approach Using Catalytic Nanoparticles , 2018, Journal of endodontics.

[59]  P. N. Lisboa-Filho,et al.  Effects of Y-TZP blank manufacturing control and addition of TiO2 nanotubes on structural reliability of dental materials , 2018 .

[60]  P. Lambrechts,et al.  Microguided Endodontics: a case report of a maxillary lateral incisor with pulp canal obliteration and apical periodontitis , 2018, International endodontic journal.

[61]  A. Salehzadeh,et al.  Toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles on adult male Wistar rats. , 2015, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[62]  Mario Coccia,et al.  Deep Learning Technology for Improving Cancer Care in Society: New Directions in Cancer Imaging Driven by Artificial Intelligence , 2019 .

[63]  M. Joana,et al.  Patterns of edentulism in Egas Moniz University Dental Clinic population , 2019, Annals of Medicine.

[64]  D. K. Khajuria,et al.  Effect of locally administered novel biodegradable chitosan based risedronate/zinc-hydroxyapatite intra-pocket dental film on alveolar bone density in rat model of periodontitis , 2018, Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition.

[65]  Mingji Li,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of graphene-based nanostructures by electron-assisted hot filament plasma CVD , 2018, Diamond and Related Materials.

[66]  R. M. Al-Mosawi,et al.  The Study Effects of Dental Composite Resin as Antibacterial Agent Which Contain Nanoparticles of Zinc Oxide on the Bacteria Associated with Oral Infection , 2017 .

[67]  Jun Yao,et al.  Recent advances in graphene-based nanomaterials: properties, toxicity and applications in chemistry, biology and medicine , 2019, Microchimica Acta.

[68]  J. Segura-Egea,et al.  European Society of Endodontology position statement: the use of antibiotics in endodontics. , 2018, International endodontic journal.

[69]  Olena Sevastyanova,et al.  Peculiarities of Synthesis and Properties of Lignin–Silica Nanocomposites Prepared by Sol-Gel Method , 2018, Nanomaterials.

[70]  Bassam Hassan,et al.  Digitalization in Restorative Dentistry , 2019, Digital Restorative Dentistry.

[71]  R. Handy,et al.  Anodised TiO2 nanotubes as a scaffold for antibacterial silver nanoparticles on titanium implants. , 2018, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[72]  Sujata Pramanik,et al.  Future prospects and commercial viability of two-dimensional nanostructures for biomedical technology , 2020 .

[73]  M. Ates,et al.  Accumulation and toxicity of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles through waterborne and dietary exposure of goldfish (Carassius auratus) , 2015, Environmental toxicology.

[74]  J. Granjeiro,et al.  Health and environment perspective of tin nanocompounds: A safety approach , 2020 .

[75]  G. Zeng,et al.  Understanding the influence of carbon nanomaterials on microbial communities. , 2019, Environment international.

[76]  F. Lusquiños,et al.  Synthesis and deposition of silver nanoparticles on cp Ti by laser ablation in open air for antibacterial effect in dental implants , 2018, Materials Letters.

[77]  M. Schiavon,et al.  Effect of nanomaterial incorporation on the mechanical and microbiological properties of dental porcelain. , 2020, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[78]  C. A. Howard,et al.  Charged Carbon Nanomaterials: Redox Chemistries of Fullerenes, Carbon Nanotubes, and Graphenes. , 2018, Chemical reviews.

[79]  Lily Yang,et al.  Impact of Anti-Biofouling Surface Coatings on the Properties of Nanomaterials and Their Biomedical Applications. , 2018, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[80]  M. Gad,et al.  Effect of zirconium oxide nanoparticles addition on the optical and tensile properties of polymethyl methacrylate denture base material , 2018, International journal of nanomedicine.

[81]  A. Bahador,et al.  Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles incorporation on antibacterial properties and shear bond strength of dental composite used in Orthodontics , 2017, Dental press journal of orthodontics.

[82]  F. Schwendicke,et al.  Clinical studies in restorative dentistry: New directions and new demands. , 2018, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[83]  D. Correa,et al.  Hybrid nanomaterials designed for volatile organic compounds sensors: A review , 2018, Materials & Design.

[84]  Zhong Lin Wang Piezoelectric Nanostructures: From Growth Phenomena to Electric Nanogenerators , 2007 .

[85]  Yuxing Bai,et al.  Novel dental adhesive with triple benefits of calcium phosphate recharge, protein-repellent and antibacterial functions. , 2017, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[86]  H. Aboul‐Enein,et al.  Poly(methyl methacrylate) with TiO2 nanoparticles inclusion for stereolitographic complete denture manufacturing - the fututre in dental care for elderly edentulous patients? , 2017, Journal of dentistry.

[87]  D. Moles,et al.  Autism and primary care dentistry: parents’ experiences of taking children with autism or working diagnosis of autism for dental examinations , 2018, International journal of paediatric dentistry.

[88]  D. Schwass,et al.  Antimicrobial Activity of a Colloidal AgNP Suspension Demonstrated In Vitro against Monoculture Biofilms: Toward a Novel Tooth Disinfectant for Treating Dental Caries , 2018, Advances in dental research.

[89]  J. Andrade,et al.  Mental imagery in dentistry: Phenomenology and role in dental anxiety. , 2018, Journal of anxiety disorders.

[90]  K. Yeung,et al.  Construction of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/ZnO nanorods/Ag nanoparticles hybrid coating on Ti implants for enhanced antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. , 2017, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[91]  T. Oates,et al.  Tuning Nano-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Content in Novel Rechargeable Antibacterial Dental Sealant , 2018, Materials.

[92]  Jun Liu,et al.  Carbon-Encapsulated Metal/Metal Carbide/Metal Oxide Core–Shell Nanostructures Generated by Laser Ablation of Metals in Organic Solvents , 2018, ACS Applied Nano Materials.

[93]  S. Karthikeyan,et al.  Botanical Hydrocarbon Sources based MWCNTs Synthesized by Spray Pyrolysis Method for DSSC Applications , 2018, Silicon.

[94]  Muhammad Sohail Zafar,et al.  Nanotechnology and nanomaterials in dentistry , 2019, Advanced Dental Biomaterials.

[95]  L. Bertassoni,et al.  Photopolymerization of cell-laden gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels using a dental curing light for regenerative dentistry. , 2018, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[96]  K. Mirica,et al.  Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials. , 2019, Chemical reviews.

[97]  Yifu Yu,et al.  Synergetic Transformation of Solid Inorganic-Organic Hybrids into Advanced Nanomaterials for Catalytic Water Splitting. , 2018, Accounts of chemical research.

[98]  Aijie Chen,et al.  Application of dental nanomaterials: potential toxicity to the central nervous system , 2015, International journal of nanomedicine.

[99]  M. Catauro,et al.  Influence of the Heat Treatment on the Particles Size and on the Crystalline Phase of TiO2 Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Method , 2018, Materials.

[100]  T. Al‐Ansari,et al.  A Review of Carbon Nanomaterials’ Synthesis via the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Method , 2018, Materials.

[101]  G. Smistad,et al.  Fluoride loaded polymeric nanoparticles for dental delivery , 2017, European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences.

[102]  Y. R. Lee,et al.  Direct growth of iron oxide nanoparticles filled multi-walled carbon nanotube via chemical vapour deposition method as high-performance supercapacitors , 2019, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.

[103]  M. Soliman,et al.  Fabrication of Organic Transistors Using Nanomaterials for Sensing Applications , 2017, Journal of Electronic Materials.

[104]  S. V. van Rijt,et al.  Inorganic nanoparticle-based biomaterials for regenerative medicine , 2020 .

[105]  Bo Chen,et al.  Injectable calcium phosphate scaffold with iron oxide nanoparticles to enhance osteogenesis via dental pulp stem cells , 2018, Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology.

[106]  S. Hansen,et al.  The release of silver nanoparticles from commercial toothbrushes. , 2017, Journal of hazardous materials.

[107]  Yuan Pu,et al.  Controllable Preparation of Monodisperse Silica Nanoparticles Using Internal Circulation Rotating Packed Bed for Dental Restorative Composite Resin , 2018, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research.

[108]  Hua Zhang,et al.  Syntheses and Properties of Metal Nanomaterials with Novel Crystal Phases , 2018, Advanced materials.

[109]  M. Marques,et al.  Antibacterial effects and cytotoxicity of an adhesive containing low concentration of silver nanoparticles. , 2018, Journal of dentistry.

[110]  R. Blizard,et al.  An investigation of general dental practitioners' understanding and perceptions of minimally invasive dentistry , 2018, BDJ.

[111]  V. Shelke,et al.  Effect of ball milling time on thermoelectric properties of bismuth telluride nanomaterials , 2018 .

[112]  V. K. Leont'ev,et al.  Germicidal Adhesives with Nanoparticles of Metals for Prevention of Recurrence of Caries , 2017 .

[113]  J. Labarta,et al.  Synthesis of graphenic nanomaterials by decomposition of methane on a Ni-Cu/biomorphic carbon catalyst. Kinetic and characterization results , 2018 .

[114]  L. Balan,et al.  Antibacterial properties and compressive strength of new one-step preparation silver nanoparticles in glass ionomer cements (NanoAg-GIC). , 2017, Journal of dentistry.

[115]  P. Zhao,et al.  Serum adsorption, cellular internalization and consequent impact of cuprous oxide nanoparticles on uveal melanoma cells: implications for cancer therapy. , 2015, Nanomedicine.

[116]  Mario Coccia,et al.  General properties of the evolution of research fields: a scientometric study of human microbiome, evolutionary robotics and astrobiology , 2018, Scientometrics.

[117]  R. Ravikumar,et al.  Green synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles from Mangifera indica leaves for dental restoration and antibacterial applications , 2017, Progress in Biomaterials.

[118]  Xingyu Jiang,et al.  Bio-functional electrospun nanomaterials: From topology design to biological applications , 2019, Progress in Polymer Science.

[119]  F. Rizzolio,et al.  The Clinical Translation of Organic Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy: A Focus on Polymeric Nanoparticles, Micelles, Liposomes and Exosomes. , 2017, Current medicinal chemistry.

[120]  Jiang Chang,et al.  Ca-Doped mesoporous SiO2/dental resin composites with enhanced mechanical properties, bioactivity and antibacterial properties. , 2018, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[121]  D. M. Spolidorio,et al.  Antibacterial activity of glass ionomer cement modified by zinc oxide nanoparticles , 2017, Microscopy research and technique.

[122]  A. Wiegand,et al.  Bioactivity and properties of a dental adhesive functionalized with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) and bioactive glass. , 2017, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[123]  D. Divakar,et al.  Enhanced antimicrobial activity of naturally derived bioactive molecule chitosan conjugated silver nanoparticle against dental implant pathogens. , 2017, International journal of biological macromolecules.

[124]  Nicholas T. Dee,et al.  Carbon Nanotubes and Related Nanomaterials: Critical Advances and Challenges for Synthesis toward Mainstream Commercial Applications. , 2018, ACS nano.

[125]  Da-Peng Yang,et al.  Synthesis, properties and applications of noble metal iridium nanomaterials , 2019, Coordination Chemistry Reviews.

[126]  A. Pugazhendhi,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of ZrO2 nanoparticles-antimicrobial activity and their prospective role in dental care. , 2017, Microbial pathogenesis.

[127]  F. Tay,et al.  Polymeric and inorganic nanoscopical antimicrobial fillers in dentistry. , 2019, Acta biomaterialia.

[128]  S. Komarneni,et al.  Synthesis, properties and applications of ZnO nanomaterials with oxygen vacancies: A review , 2018 .

[129]  Niyaz Mohammad Mahmoodi,et al.  MIL-Ti metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) nanomaterials as superior adsorbents: Synthesis and ultrasound-aided dye adsorption from multicomponent wastewater systems. , 2018, Journal of hazardous materials.

[130]  H. Kim,et al.  Nano-shape varied cerium oxide nanomaterials rescue human dental stem cells from oxidative insult through intracellular or extracellular actions. , 2017, Acta biomaterialia.

[131]  B. Hatton,et al.  Responsive antimicrobial dental adhesive based on drug-silica co-assembled particles. , 2018, Acta biomaterialia.

[132]  H. M. Hosseini,et al.  Highly-ordered TiO2 nanotubes decorated with Ag2O nanoparticles for improved biofunctionality of Ti6Al4V , 2018, Surface and Coatings Technology.

[133]  Mustafa Naseem,et al.  Advances in Nanotechnology for Restorative Dentistry , 2015, Materials.

[134]  T. Cai,et al.  Facile one pot pyrolysis synthesis of carbon quantum dots and graphene oxide nanomaterials: All carbon hybrids as eco-environmental lubricants for low friction and remarkable wear-resistance , 2018 .

[135]  Qiang Zhang,et al.  Novel dental adhesive resin with crack self-healing, antimicrobial and remineralization properties. , 2018, Journal of dentistry.

[136]  W. Nicolazzi,et al.  Spin Crossover Nanomaterials: From Fundamental Concepts to Devices , 2018, Advanced materials.

[137]  C. Scully,et al.  Management of dental patients taking direct oral anticoagulants: Dabigatran. , 2018, Oral diseases.

[138]  A. Kishen,et al.  Oriented and Ordered Biomimetic Remineralization of the Surface of Demineralized Dental Enamel Using HAP@ACP Nanoparticles Guided by Glycine , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[139]  M. Guida,et al.  Toxicity assessment of wastewater after advanced oxidation processes for emerging contaminants' degradation , 2020 .

[140]  Jie Yang,et al.  Safety and efficacy of PLGA(Ag-Fe3O4)-coated dental implants in inhibiting bacteria adherence and osteogenic inducement under a magnetic field , 2018, International journal of nanomedicine.

[141]  T. Tolaymat,et al.  Nanosilver as a disinfectant in dental unit waterlines: Assessment of the physicochemical transformations of the AgNPs. , 2017, Chemosphere.

[142]  D. Bhattacharyya,et al.  Morphology, stability, and X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of iron oxide (Hematite) nanoparticles prepared by micelle nanolithography , 2018 .

[143]  Qiang Li,et al.  Mechanical property and antibacterial activity of silver-loaded polycation functionalized nanodiamonds for use in resin-based dental material formulations , 2018, Materials Letters.

[144]  D. Versace,et al.  Antibacterial properties of nanostructured Cu-TiO2 surfaces for dental implants. , 2017, Biomaterials science.

[145]  A. Lobo,et al.  Raman spectroscopy-multivariate analysis related to morphological surface features on nanomaterials applied for dentin coverage. , 2019, Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.

[146]  Ugo Finardi,et al.  Current trends in nanotechnology research across worldwide geo-economic players , 2012 .

[147]  D. Knapen,et al.  The chronic toxicity of CuO nanoparticles and copper salt to Daphnia magna. , 2015, Journal of hazardous materials.

[148]  Gregory V. Lowry,et al.  Progress towards standardized and validated characterizations for measuring physicochemical properties of manufactured nanomaterials relevant to nano health and safety risks , 2018 .

[149]  R. Kirubagaran,et al.  Evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles toxicity on marine algae chlorella vulgaris through flow cytometric, cytotoxicity and oxidative stress analysis. , 2015, Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.

[150]  A. Reis,et al.  Mechanical and microbiological properties and drug release modeling of an etch-and-rinse adhesive containing copper nanoparticles. , 2017, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[151]  F. Tay,et al.  Antibacterial and remineralizing orthodontic adhesive containing quaternary ammonium resin monomer and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles. , 2018, Journal of dentistry.

[152]  C. Carrico,et al.  Influence of Self-Assessment on Dental Students' Performance on Technical Assessments in Periodontics. , 2019, Journal of dental education.

[153]  M. Muir,et al.  Oral health literacy, oral health behaviours and dental outcomes , 2018, Evidence-Based Dentistry.

[154]  H. C. Budtz,et al.  Acute and subacute pulmonary toxicity and mortality in mice after intratracheal instillation of ZnO nanoparticles in three laboratories. , 2015, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[155]  Sabu Thomas,et al.  Introduction to nanomaterials: synthesis and applications , 2019, Nanomaterials for Solar Cell Applications.

[156]  T. He,et al.  Polymeric antimicrobial membranes enabled by nanomaterials for water treatment , 2018 .

[157]  Jenny R. Roberts,et al.  Metal nanomaterials: Immune effects and implications of physicochemical properties on sensitization, elicitation, and exacerbation of allergic disease , 2019, Journal of immunotoxicology.

[158]  Ahmad Umar,et al.  ZnO nanonails: synthesis and their application as glucose biosensor. , 2008, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.

[159]  T. Lenzi,et al.  Restorative Materials in Pediatric Dentistry , 2018, Pediatric Restorative Dentistry.

[160]  S. Lee,et al.  Preparation and characterization of antibacterial orthodontic resin containing silver nanoparticles , 2018 .

[161]  A. Maghsoudi,et al.  Curcumin-loaded polysaccharide nanoparticles: Optimization and anticariogenic activity against Streptococcus mutans. , 2017, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[162]  S. Takashiba,et al.  Graphene oxide: A new direction in dentistry , 2020, Applied Materials Today.

[163]  Mario Coccia,et al.  A Theory of the Evolution of Technology: Technological Parasitism and the Implications for Innovation Management , 2020 .

[164]  Ellie T Knight,et al.  A public health perspective on personalized periodontics. , 2018, Periodontology 2000.

[165]  A. Sultan,et al.  Nanomagnetic-mediated drug delivery for the treatment of dental disease. , 2018, Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine.

[166]  Pınar Çevik,et al.  The Effect of Silica and Prepolymer Nanoparticles on the Mechanical Properties of Denture Base Acrylic Resin , 2018, Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists.

[167]  M. Schvartzman,et al.  Directed Assembly of Au-Tipped 1D Inorganic Nanostructures via Nanolithographic Docking. , 2018, ACS nano.

[168]  E. R. Camargo,et al.  Dentinal tubule obliteration using toothpastes containing sodium trimetaphosphate microparticles or nanoparticles , 2018, Clinical Oral Investigations.

[169]  N. Dubey,et al.  PLGA nanoparticles as chlorhexidine-delivery carrier to resin-dentin adhesive interface. , 2017, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[170]  M. Kumari,et al.  Toxicity Study of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Neuroblastoma Cells , 2014, International journal of toxicology.

[171]  I. Rehman,et al.  Fabrication and in vivo evaluation of hydroxyapatite/carbon nanotube electrospun fibers for biomedical/dental application. , 2017, Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.

[172]  Lu Zhang,et al.  Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the bioavailability, metabolism, and toxicity of pentachlorophenol in zebrafish larvae. , 2015, Journal of hazardous materials.

[173]  P. Brunton,et al.  Dental practice in the UK in 2015/2016. Part 2: aspects of direct restorations, bleaching, endodontics and paediatric dentistry , 2019, BDJ.

[174]  D. Elkassas,et al.  The innovative applications of therapeutic nanostructures in dentistry. , 2017, Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine.

[175]  B. Lawn,et al.  Novel Zirconia Materials in Dentistry , 2018, Journal of dental research.

[176]  Hua Zhang,et al.  Two-Dimensional Metal Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications. , 2018, Chemical reviews.

[177]  M. M. Pérez,et al.  Translucency thresholds for dental materials. , 2018, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[178]  M. Coccia The Theory of Technological Parasitism for the Measurement of the Evolution of Technology and Technological Forecasting , 2019, Technological Forecasting and Social Change.

[179]  V. Arana-Chavez,et al.  Ion-releasing dental restorative composites containing functionalized brushite nanoparticles for improved mechanical strength. , 2018, Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials.

[180]  A. Marjani,et al.  Curcumin-loaded chitosan/carboxymethyl starch/montmorillonite bio-nanocomposite for reduction of dental bacterial biofilm formation. , 2017, International journal of biological macromolecules.

[181]  P. N. Lisboa-Filho,et al.  Effects of ZnO/TiO2 nanoparticle and TiO2 nanotube additions to dense polycrystalline hydroxyapatite bioceramic from bovine bones. , 2019, Dental Materials.

[182]  C. Kao,et al.  Mesoporous Calcium Silicate Nanoparticles with Drug Delivery and Odontogenesis Properties , 2017, Journal of endodontics.

[183]  F. Tay,et al.  Protein-repelling adhesive resin containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles with repeated ion-recharge and re-releases. , 2018, Journal of dentistry.

[184]  M. Coccia,et al.  Evolution and convergence of the patterns of international scientific collaboration , 2016, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[185]  A Lussi,et al.  Effect of Magnification on the Precision of Tooth Preparation in Dentistry. , 2018, Operative dentistry.

[186]  P. Shirage ZnO nano-flowers , 2013 .

[187]  M. Salavati‐Niasari,et al.  Simple sol-gel synthesis and characterization of new CoTiO3/CoFe2O4 nanocomposite by using liquid glucose, maltose and starch as fuel, capping and reducing agents. , 2017, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[188]  S. Salari,et al.  Plant-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Trifolium resupinatum seed exudate and their antifungal efficacy on Neofusicoccum parvum and Rhizoctonia solani. , 2016, IET nanobiotechnology.