Development of Heavy Metal-Free Photocatalytic RhB Decomposition System Using a Biodegradable Plastic Substrate

The heavy-metal-free photocatalytic system, in which carbon nitride is coated on polylactic acid (PLA) as biodegradable plastic through a simple dip coating method, was used for dye decomposition under visible light irradiation. Solvent selection, solvent concentration, and the number of coatings for dip coating were investigated to optimize the conditions for loading carbon nitride on PLA. Carbon nitride cannot be coated on PLA in water, but it can be strongly coated by decomposing the surface of PLA with ethanol or chlorobenzene to promote physical adsorption and activate surface. The number of dip coatings also affected the photocatalytic decomposition ability. The photocatalytic system was able to decompose the dye continuously in the flow method, and dye (rhodamine B) was decomposed by about 50% at a residence time of 12 min (flow rate 0.350 mL/min) for 30 h.

[1]  Yi Zhu,et al.  3D-2D-3D BiOI/porous g-C3N4/graphene hydrogel composite photocatalyst with synergy of adsorption-photocatalysis in static and flow systems , 2021 .

[2]  Chuansheng Chen,et al.  WO3 quantum dots enhanced the photocatalytic performances of graphene oxide/TiO2 films under flowing dye solution , 2020 .

[3]  Van-Duong Dao,et al.  Recent advances and challenges for solar-driven water evaporation system toward applications , 2020 .

[4]  S. Kahng,et al.  Recent advances in earth-abundant photocatalyst materials for solar H2 production , 2020 .

[5]  Raju Kumar Gupta,et al.  In-situ synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles in ACF: Photocatalytic degradation under continuous flow , 2019, Solar Energy.

[6]  Jiaguo Yu,et al.  Adsorption of CO2, O2, NO and CO on s-triazine-based g-C3N4 surface , 2019, Catalysis Today.

[7]  Fang Wang,et al.  Atomically dispersed Mo atoms on amorphous g-C3N4 promotes visible-light absorption and charge carriers transfer , 2019, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental.

[8]  Gunnar Gerdts,et al.  Microplastic Pollution in Benthic Midstream Sediments of the Rhine River. , 2019, Environmental science & technology.

[9]  Y. Ok,et al.  Integrated adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using carbon-based nanocomposites: A critical review. , 2019, Chemosphere.

[10]  A. Isobe,et al.  Abundance of non-conservative microplastics in the upper ocean from 1957 to 2066 , 2019, Nature Communications.

[11]  Lei Cheng,et al.  CdS-Based photocatalysts , 2018 .

[12]  Ö. Metin,et al.  Monodisperse cobalt ferrite nanoparticles assembled on mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (CoFe2O4/mpg-C3N4): A magnetically recoverable nanocomposite for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes , 2018, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials.

[13]  F. Liang,et al.  Molten salt synthesis of tetragonal carbon nitride hollow tubes and their application for removal of pollutants from wastewater , 2018, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental.

[14]  P. V. van Bodegom,et al.  The influence of exposure and physiology on microplastic ingestion by the freshwater fish Rutilus rutilus (roach) in the River Thames, UK. , 2018, Environmental pollution.

[15]  Qin Jie,et al.  A facile method for fabricating TiO2/g-C3N4 hollow nanotube heterojunction and its visible light photocatalytic performance , 2018 .

[16]  Ho-Suk Choi,et al.  Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of a thin silver layer deposited onto PET film via atmospheric pressure plasma reduction , 2018 .

[17]  Zhang Kai,et al.  Adsorption of organic pollutants on (degradable) microplastics and the influences on their bioavailability , 2018 .

[18]  Jerry J. Wu,et al.  Recent developments in ZnS photocatalysts from synthesis to photocatalytic applications — A review , 2017 .

[19]  Yong‐Ill Lee,et al.  A Mixed‐Metal Oxides/Graphitic Carbon Nitride: High Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity for Efficient Mineralization of Rhodamine B , 2017 .

[20]  R. Auras,et al.  Poly(lactic acid)-Mass production, processing, industrial applications, and end of life. , 2016, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[21]  Hua Tang,et al.  Template-free preparation of macro/mesoporous g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity , 2016 .

[22]  Robert Langer,et al.  Physical and mechanical properties of PLA, and their functions in widespread applications - A comprehensive review. , 2016, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[23]  X. Loh,et al.  PLA-based thermogel for the sustained delivery of chemotherapeutics in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma , 2016 .

[24]  A. Lukianov,et al.  LACTIDE AND LACTIC ACID OLIGOMER SOLUBILITY IN CERTAIN SOLVENTS , 2016 .

[25]  Subhajyoti Samanta,et al.  Facile Synthesis of Au/g‐C3N4 Nanocomposites: An Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Plasmonic Photocatalyst with Enhanced Hydrogen Gas Evolution Under Visible‐Light Irradiation , 2014 .

[26]  Yujing Li,et al.  Novel visible light induced Co3O4-g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalysts for efficient degradation of methyl orange , 2014 .

[27]  Cheng Sun,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of g-C3N4/Ag3VO4 composites with significantly enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for triphenylmethane dye degradation , 2014 .

[28]  E. Fortunati,et al.  Multifunctional nanostructured PLA materials for packaging and tissue engineering , 2013 .

[29]  F. Chang,et al.  A facile modification of g-C3N4 with enhanced photocatalytic activity for degradation of methylene blue , 2013 .

[30]  Girish Kumar Singh,et al.  Solar power generation by PV (photovoltaic) technology: A review , 2013 .

[31]  M. N. Sugihara,et al.  Continuous-flow photocatalytic treatment of pharmaceutical micropollutants: Activity, inhibition, and deactivation of TiO2 photocatalysts in wastewater effluent , 2013 .

[32]  E. Changa,et al.  facile modification of gC 3 N 4 with enhanced photocatalytic activity or degradation of methylene blue , 2013 .

[33]  R. Maciel Filho,et al.  Poly (Lactic Acid) Production for Tissue Engineering Applications , 2012 .

[34]  O. Hamdaoui,et al.  Sonochemical degradation of Rhodamine B in aqueous phase: effects of additives. , 2010 .

[35]  Luc Avérous,et al.  Nano-biocomposites: Biodegradable polyester/nanoclay systems , 2009 .

[36]  M. Hillmyer,et al.  Toughening Polylactide , 2008 .

[37]  Megha Mathur,et al.  Removal of the hazardous dye rhodamine B through photocatalytic and adsorption treatments. , 2007, Journal of environmental management.

[38]  Vibhav Chaturvedi,et al.  Photoactivity of TiO2-Coated Pebbles , 2007 .

[39]  Peter K. J. Robertson,et al.  The application of TiO2 photocatalysis for disinfection of water contaminated with pathogenic micro-organisms: a review , 2007 .

[40]  Jun Chen,et al.  Shape-controlled synthesis of ternary chalcogenide ZnIn2S4 and CuIn(S,Se)2 nano-/microstructures via facile solution route. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[41]  Akihiko Kudo,et al.  Development of photocatalyst materials for water splitting , 2006 .

[42]  Huitao Liu,et al.  Preparation and catalytic property study of a novel kind of suspended photocatalyst of TiO2-activated carbon immobilized on silicone rubber film , 2005 .

[43]  Jimmy C. Yu,et al.  Photocatalyst TiO2 supported on glass fiber for indoor air purification: effect of NO on the photodegradation of CO and NO2 , 2003 .

[44]  A. Kudo,et al.  Photocatalytic water splitting into H2 and O2 over various tantalate photocatalysts , 2003 .

[45]  J. Anthony Byrne,et al.  Immobilisation of TiO2 powder for the treatment of polluted water , 1998 .

[46]  R. L. Pozzo,et al.  Supported titanium oxide as photocatalyst in water decontamination: State of the art , 1997 .

[47]  Agustín R. González-Elipe,et al.  Preparation and characterization of TiO2 photocatalysts supported on various rigid supports (glass, quartz and stainless steel). Comparative studies of photocatalytic activity in water purification , 1995 .

[48]  B. Claudel,et al.  On the “immobilization” of titanium dioxide in the photocatalytic oxidation of spent waters , 1995 .

[49]  J. Crittenden,et al.  Fixed-bed photocatalysts for solar decontamination of water. , 1994, Environmental science & technology.

[50]  S. Gogolewski,et al.  Biodegradable materials of poly(l-lactic acid): 1. Melt-spun and solution-spun fibres , 1982 .

[51]  P. Demenge,et al.  [Toxicologic study of a fluorescent tracer: rhodamine B]. , 1978, Toxicological European research. Recherche europeenne en toxicologie.