Observations concerning the transverse metatarsal arch

Summary The existence of a transverse arch of the foot has been disputed in the past. In the present study, the alignment of the metatarsal heads was investigated by ultrasonography in 100 feet of healthy volunteers. In addition, plantar pressure measurements were performed with a capacitance sensor force plate. Ultrasonographic measurements in the weightbearing position showed the 2nd to 4th metatarsal heads in a more plantar position, compared to the 1st and 5th, which confirms there is not a transverse arch in the forefoot. Plantar pressure measurements revealed the maximum pressure during one gait cycle in the mid-forefoot, at the site of the 3rd metatarsal head. Significantly lower pressures were measured under the 2nd and 4th metatarsal heads, the lowest pressures occurred under the 1st and 5th metatarsal heads. In the present study, no anatomically or functionally relevant transverse arch was found. ‘Anterior flat foot' is not a pathological condition and does not in itself require treatment.

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