Performance analysis of the tracking of the global extreme on multimodal patterns using the Asymptotic Perturbed Extremum Seeking Control scheme

Abstract This paper presents the capability of the Asymptotic Perturbed Extremum Seeking Control (aPESC) scheme to track the Global Extreme on multimodal patterns. The multimodal patterns are simulated based on power characteristics generated by a photovoltaic (PV) array under Partial Shading Conditions (PSCs). The aPESC scheme is tested to evaluate the performance of locating, searching and tracking of the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP). The following performance indicators such as the searching resolution, tracking accuracy, tracking efficiency, and tracking speed are used to compare the performance of the GMPP tracking (GMPPT) algorithms. The aPESCH1 scheme proposed has been implemented in MATLAB/Simulink package to evaluate the performance indicators mentioned above. The results prove that the proposed aPESCH1 scheme is effective and simple to be implemented.

[1]  Rachid Chenni,et al.  Design and control of a stand-alone hybrid power system , 2016 .

[2]  Ying Tan,et al.  On the Choice of Dither in Extremum Seeking Systems: a Case Study , 2006, Proceedings of the 45th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[3]  Kashif Ishaque,et al.  The performance of perturb and observe and incremental conductance maximum power point tracking method under dynamic weather conditions , 2014 .

[4]  Nicu Bizon.  Energy harvesting from the FC stack that operates using the MPP tracking based on modified extremum seeking control , 2013 .

[5]  V. Agarwal,et al.  MPPT Scheme for a PV-Fed Single-Phase Single-Stage Grid-Connected Inverter Operating in CCM With Only One Current Sensor , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[6]  S. Pierfederici,et al.  Fuzzy logic based DC bus voltage control of a stand alone photovoltaic/fuel cell/supercapacitor power plant , 2012, 2012 11th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering.

[7]  Kashif Ishaque,et al.  A review of maximum power point tracking techniques of PV system for uniform insolation and partial shading condition , 2013 .

[8]  Michel Perrier,et al.  A global optimization method based on multi-unit extremum-seeking for scalar nonlinear systems , 2011, Comput. Chem. Eng..

[9]  Vivek Agarwal,et al.  Maximum Power Point Tracking Scheme for PV Systems Operating Under Partially Shaded Conditions , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[10]  Nicu Bizon,et al.  Energy harvesting from the PV Hybrid Power Source , 2013 .

[11]  Eduardo Lorenzo,et al.  Partial shadowing, MPPT performance and inverter configurations: observations at tracking PV plants , 2008 .

[12]  S. Ahmadi,et al.  A PSO‐based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems under environmental and partially shaded conditions , 2015 .

[13]  Joe-Air Jiang,et al.  A novel analytical model for determining the maximum power point of thin film photovoltaic module , 2014 .

[14]  B. Nahid-Mobarakeh,et al.  Photovoltaic power control based on differential flatness approach of multiphase interleaved boost converter for grid connected applications , 2015, 2015 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP).

[15]  Anis Sakly,et al.  Comparison between conventional methods and GA approach for maximum power point tracking of shaded solar PV generators , 2013 .

[16]  S. Silvestre,et al.  Effects of shadowing on photovoltaic module performance , 2008 .

[17]  Phatiphat Thounthong,et al.  DC Bus Stabilization of Li-Ion Battery Based Energy Storage for a Hydrogen/Solar Power Plant for Autonomous Network Applications , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[18]  Kostas Kalaitzakis,et al.  Development of a microcontroller-based, photovoltaic maximum power point tracking control system , 2001 .

[19]  Zhengming Zhao,et al.  MPPT techniques for photovoltaic applications , 2013 .

[20]  N. H. Helwa,et al.  Maximum power point traking controller for PV systems using neural networks , 2005 .

[21]  Juan Antonio Gómez Galán,et al.  Methodology and experimental system for measuring and displaying I–V characteristic curves of PV facilities , 2009 .

[22]  P. Thounthong,et al.  Fuel cell high-power applications , 2009, IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine.

[23]  Yan Chen,et al.  New Approach for MPPT Control of Photovoltaic System With Mutative-Scale Dual-Carrier Chaotic Search , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[24]  Ying Tan,et al.  On global extremum seeking in the presence of local extrema , 2006, Proceedings of the 45th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[25]  Chiung-Chou Liao,et al.  Genetic k-means algorithm based RBF network for photovoltaic MPP prediction , 2010 .

[26]  Nitesh Bhatnagar,et al.  Maximum Power Point Tracking for PV System , 2018 .

[27]  Nicu Bizon,et al.  Analysis, Control and Optimal Operations in Hybrid Power Systems , 2013 .

[28]  Kartik B. Ariyur,et al.  Real-Time Optimization by Extremum-Seeking Control , 2003 .

[29]  Kay Soon Low,et al.  A Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Scheme Employing DIRECT Search Algorithm for Photovoltaic Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[30]  P. Thounthong,et al.  Intelligent Model-Based Control of a Standalone Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell Power Plant With Supercapacitor Energy Storage , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[31]  Shahrin Md. Ayob,et al.  Evolutionary based maximum power point tracking technique using differential evolution algorithm , 2013 .

[32]  Yi-Hua Liu,et al.  A review of maximum power point tracking techniques for use in partially shaded conditions , 2015 .

[33]  Douglas L. Maskell,et al.  A novel ant colony optimization-based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems under partially shaded conditions , 2013 .

[34]  Phatiphat Thounthong,et al.  Control Strategy of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitors Association for a Distributed Generation System , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[35]  Necmi Altin,et al.  Design and simulation of a unified power quality conditioner fed by solar energy , 2015 .

[36]  Ying Tan,et al.  On global extremum seeking in the presence of local extrema , 2006, CDC.

[37]  Yi-Hwa Liu,et al.  A Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for PV Systems Operating Under Partially Shaded Conditions , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[38]  Mihai Oproescu,et al.  Efficient energy control strategies for a Standalone Renewable/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source , 2015 .

[39]  Alessandra Di Gangi,et al.  Review of the energy and economic parameters involved in the effectiveness of grid-connected PV systems installed in multi-storey buildings , 2014 .