Accuracy of device-specific 2D and 3D image distortion correction algorithms for magnetic resonance imaging of the head provided by a manufacturer

For the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in precision radiotherapy, image distortions must be reduced to a minimum to maintain geometrical accuracy. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) algorithms for MRI-device-specific distortion corrections were developed by the manufacturers of MRI devices. A previously developed phantom (Karger C P et al 2003 Phys. Med. Biol. 48 211-21) was used to quantify and assess the size of geometrical image distortions before and after application of the 2D and 3D correction algorithm in the head region. Four different types of MRI devices with different gradient systems were measured. For comparison, measurements were also performed with two computed tomography (CT) devices. Mean distortions of up to 4.6+/-1.4 mm (maximum: 5.8 mm) were found prior to the correction. After the correction, the mean distortions were well below 2.0 mm in most cases. Distortions in the CT images were below or equal to 1.0 mm on average. Generally, the 3D algorithm produced comparable or better results than the 2D algorithm. The remaining distortions after the correction appear to be acceptable for fractionated radiotherapy.