Constitutive equation for Ti–6Al–4V at high temperatures measured using the SHPB technique

Abstract A high temperature split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test system is used to investigate the effects of temperature as well as those of strain and strain-rate. Effects of temperature for the titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) are investigated by developing a high temperature SHPB test system. In this work, high temperatures greater than 1000°C are attained in the SHPB test specimens by using two ellipsoidal radiant heating reflectors with two halogen lamps. The thermal gradients in the specimens are observed as they are heated. Methods for solving problems related to conduction between the specimens and elastic bars and techniques for measuring the temperature of the specimens are suggested. When testing with the high-temperature SHPB apparatus, care is required to prevent oxidation of the surface of the specimen, and to prevent an inhomogeneous temperature distribution from developing in the specimen. To determine the true flow stress–true strain relationship, specimens are tested from room temperature to 1000°C at intervals of 200°C and at a strain-rate of 1400 s −1 . The parameters for a Johnson–Cook constitutive equation and a modified Johnson–Cook constitutive equation are determined from the test results. The modified Johnson–Cook constitutive equation is more suitable for expressing the dynamic behavior of the Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy in the vicinity of the recrystallization temperature.

[1]  J. R. Klepaczko,et al.  A unified analytic and numerical approach to specimen behaviour in the Split-Hopkinson pressure bar , 1986 .

[2]  B. Hopkinson A method of measuring the pressure produced in the detonation of high explosives or by the impact of bullets , 1914 .

[3]  James Lankford,et al.  Temperature-strain rate dependance of compressive strength and damage mechanisms in aluminium oxide , 1981 .

[4]  D. J. Parry,et al.  The Hopkinson Bar , 1999 .

[5]  Woei-Shyan Lee,et al.  The plastic deformation behaviour of AISI 4340 alloy steel subjected to high temperature and high strain rate loading conditions , 1997 .

[6]  Chi Feng Lin,et al.  High-temperature deformation behaviour of Ti6Al4V alloy evaluated by high strain-rate compression tests , 1998 .

[7]  L. E. Malvern,et al.  Compression-impact testing of aluminum at elevated temperatures , 1963 .

[8]  James J. Mason,et al.  On the strain and strain rate dependence of the fraction of plastic work converted to heat: an experimental study using high speed infrared detectors and the Kolsky bar☆ , 1992 .

[9]  U. S. Lindholm Some experiments with the split hopkinson pressure bar , 1964 .

[10]  Duncan Macdougall,et al.  A radiant heating method for performing high-temperature high-strain-rate tests , 1998 .

[11]  Marc A. Meyers,et al.  DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION IN HIGH-STRAIN, HIGH-STRAIN-RATE PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF COPPER , 1994 .

[12]  K. T. Ramesh,et al.  A technique for measuring the dynamic behavior of materials at high temperatures , 1998 .

[13]  J. Harding,et al.  The measurement of specimen surface temperature in high-speed tension and torsion tests , 1998 .

[14]  P. S. Follansbee,et al.  Wave Propagation in the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar , 1983 .

[15]  S. C. Hunter,et al.  The Dynamic Compression Testing of Solids by the Method of the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar , 1963 .

[16]  H. Kolsky An Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Materials at very High Rates of Loading , 1949 .