Nanomorphic cell communication unit

An autonomous nanomorphic cell must communicate in some applications by sending and receiving data from within a living organism. Two electromagnetic transmission mechanisms are considered in Chapter 7: one based on radio-frequency (RF) communication and one based on optical communication. It is established that omnidirectional communication is a very energy intensive idea and would quickly exhaust the energy one could possibly store in the nanomorphic cell. Therefore, one must either surround the omnidirectional transmitter with many external receivers and suffer the dramatic energy losses or operate with a more conventional and directed transmission/reception system. Typically the size of RF antennas is related to the wavelength of the transmitted signal, and this suggests that the antenna should be somewhat commensurate with the size of the nanomorphic cell. However, the band from 5 to 50 μm lies right in the band for thermal radiation noise and should be avoided so one is forced to consider either transmitted wavelengths in the 1 μm (infrared optical regime) or at, say, 100 μm (terahertz regime). Of course, 100 μm wavelengths would require antennas whose length is at least half this wavelength, but the promise of highly energy efficient transmission per bit is indicated theoretically. Unfortunately, if the nanomorphic cell is immersed in human tissue, efficiency of transmission at 100 μm wavelengths is sharply attenuated by at least three orders of magnitude.

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