A low-power Cu atom switch programmable logic fabricated in a 40nm-node CMOS technology

For the first time, a 40nm-node, 2x logic density, 3.8x operation speed, and 3x power efficient, nonvolatile programmable logic (NPL) is demonstrated by using Cu atom switch for configuration switches. The switching characteristics of the atom switch are kept in scaling down to 64/32nm device area, and an improved PSE reduces set voltage while keeping low leakage current, enabling core transistors to select the atom switches. The developed 40nm NPL is a strong candidate for the next wave of energy-efficient computing.