Feasibility of interstitial Doppler optical coherence tomography for in vivo detection of microvascular changes during photodynamic therapy

Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) is an emerging imaging modality that provides subsurface microstructural and microvascular tissue images with near histological resolution and sub‐mm/second velocity sensitivity. A key drawback of OCT for some applications is its shallow (1–3 mm) penetration depth. This fundamentally limits DOCT imaging to transparent, near‐surface, intravascular, or intracavitary anatomical sites. Consequently, interstitial Doppler OCT (IS‐DOCT) was developed for minimally‐invasive in vivo imaging of microvasculature and microstructure at greater depths, providing access to deep‐seated solid organs. Using Dunning prostate cancer in a rat xenograft model, this study evaluated the feasibility of IS‐DOCT monitoring of microvascular changes deep within a tumor caused by photodynamic therapy (PDT).

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