In situ temperature control and measurement with femtosecond optical tweezers: offering biomedical application

We present here the control and measurement of temperature rise using femtosecond optical tweezers at near infrared (NIR) region. Based on our theoretical development, we have designed our experimental techniques. The high temporal sensitivity of position autocorrelation and equipartition theorem is simultaneously applied to elucidate temperature control and high precision measurement around focal volume. Experimentally we have made the benign NIR wavelength to induce local heating by adding very low fluorescent dye molecule with low average power. Local temperature control in aqueous solution exciting within optically absorbing window of the low quantum yield molecules can be possible due to non-radiative relaxation via thermal emission. The stochastic nature of Brownian particle has enough information of its surroundings. We have mapped the nano-dimension beam waist environment by probing the fluctuation of trapped particle. We have observed up to 30K temperature rise from room temperature at sub micro molar concentration. The gradient of temperature is as sharp as the fluence of pulsed laser focused by high numerical aperture objective. Thus, pulsed laser radiation always allows finer surgical techniques involving minimal thermal injuries. Our new techniques with multiphoton absorbing non-fluorescent dye can further be used to selective phototherapeutic diagnosis of cancer cells due to peak power dependent nonlinear phenomenon (NLO).