A direct method for measurement of the film-thickness piezoelectric coefficient of polyvinylidene fluoride

A direct quasi-static method for measurement of the sheet thickness piezoelectric coefficient “d33” of polarised poly(vinylidene fluoride) is described. Experimental results for d33 of voided and non-voided Form I sheets ∼ 0.6 mm thick are presented and compared with measurements of the tensile and hydrostatic coefficients d31, d32 and d3h.