Black Tar Heroin Skin Popping as a Cause of Wound Botulism

[1]  B. Frazee,et al.  View from the front lines: an emergency medicine perspective on clostridial infections in injection drug users. , 2014, Anaerobe.

[2]  Laura Abavare,et al.  Wound botulism resulting from heroin abuse: can you recognize it? , 2012, Journal of emergency nursing: JEN : official publication of the Emergency Department Nurses Association.

[3]  S. Tanprawate,et al.  Electrophysiological diagnosis and patterns of response to treatment of botulism with neuromuscular respiratory failure , 2009, Muscle & nerve.

[4]  D. Ciccarone.  Heroin in brown, black and white: structural factors and medical consequences in the US heroin market. , 2009, The International journal on drug policy.

[5]  Reiner Schaumann,et al.  Outbreak of wound botulism in injecting drug users , 2009, Epidemiology and Infection.

[6]  J. Barry,et al.  Botulism in injecting drug users, Dublin, Ireland, November-December 2008. , 2009, Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin.

[7]  L. Davis,et al.  Wound botulism from heroin skin popping , 2008, Current neurology and neuroscience reports.

[8]  Irene M. Spinello,et al.  A 38-year-old woman with heroin addiction, ptosis, respiratory failure, and proximal myopathy. , 2008, Chest.

[9]  H. Schmid,et al.  Botulismus: Prävention, Diagnostik, Therapie und mögliche Bedrohungslagen , 2008 .

[10]  T. Wenham.  Botulism: a rare complication of injecting drug use , 2007, Emergency Medicine Journal.

[11]  N. Galldiks,et al.  Rapid geographical clustering of wound botulism in germany after subcutaneous and intramuscular injection of heroin , 2007, Neurocritical care.

[12]  J. Brazier,et al.  Soft tissue infections caused by spore-forming bacteria in injecting drug users in the United Kingdom , 2005, Epidemiology and Infection.

[13]  M. Brett,et al.  Wound botulism in the UK and Ireland. , 2004, Journal of medical microbiology.

[14]  D. Swerdlow,et al.  Botulism in the United States: A Clinical and Epidemiologic Review , 1998, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[15]  D. Passaro,et al.  Wound botulism associated with black tar heroin among injecting drug users. , 1998, JAMA.

[16]  M. Anderson,et al.  Wound botulism associated with black tar heroin. , 1997, Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

[17]  L. Hutwagner,et al.  Clinical and laboratory comparison of botulism from toxin types A, B, and E in the United States, 1975-1988. , 1992, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[18]  S. Silverstein.  Botulism and botulism-like illness in chronic drug abusers , 1985 .

[19]  G. Rutherford,et al.  Botulism and botulism-like illness in chronic drug abusers. , 1985, Annals of internal medicine.

[20]  M. Merson,et al.  Epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory aspects of wound botulism. , 1973, The New England journal of medicine.

[21]  M. Mütsch,et al.  [Botulism: prevention, clinical diagnostics, therapy and possible threat]. , 2008, Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift.

[22]  C. Hatheway.  Botulism: the present status of the disease. , 1995, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.