Multi-verse optimisation: a novel method for solution of load frequency control problem in power system

In this article, a maiden attempt has been made to derive an optimal and effective outcome of load frequency control problem (LFC) using a novel evolutionary algorithm called multi-verse optimisation. The main inspiration of this algorithm is based on three concepts in cosmology: white hole, black hole, and wormhole. To show the effectiveness, a four-area hydrothermal power plant with distinct proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is investigated at the first instant and then the study is forwarded to the five-area thermal power plant. To enhance the dynamic stability, an optimal PID plus double-derivative controller (PID + DD) is designed and included in the control areas. The superiority of the proposed method has been established over some recently addressed control algorithms by transient analysis method. To add some degree of non-linearity, generation rate constraint and governor dead band are included in the model and their impacts on the system dynamics have been examined. Finally, a random load perturbation is given to the test systems to affirm the robustness of the designed controllers.

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