Toward reprogramming cells to pluripotency.

The possibility of turning one somatic cell type into another may in the long run have beneficial applications in regenerative medicine. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (therapeutic cloning) may offer this possibility; however, ethical guidelines prevent application of this technology in many in countries. As a result, alternative approaches are being developed for altering cell fate. This communication discusses recent non-nuclear transfer-based in vitro approaches for reprogramming cells and enhancing their potential for differentiation toward various lineages.

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